Weblogs for organizational knowledge sharing and creation: a comparative case study

The use of weblogs as an information and communication technology for knowledge sharing and creation is a novel social and organizational phenomenon. In this paper, we identify and explain contingency factors that influence the successful use of weblogs for knowledge sharing and creation. We start from the assumption that successful knowledge management requires the motivation of people to engage in knowledge-related communication. Based on a comparison of two antithetic cases, we identify and discuss four contingency factors that directly influence the motivational impact of weblogs on organizational knowledge sharing and creation.     

社会资本对知识共享意愿影响的实证研究

通过对126家企业IT员工的问卷调查,研究了自我效能、乐于助人、注重形象、互惠感等社会资本要素对员工知识共享意愿的影响.分析结果表明,乐于助人和互惠感对显性知识共享意愿和隐性知识共享意愿都产生了显著的正向影响,而自我效能对知识共享意愿的影响不显著,注重形象对显性知识共享意愿的影响是负面的,对隐性知识共享意愿则没有影响.研究结论对企业知识共享实践具有重要参考意义.     

The effects of individual motivations and social capital on employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions

Due to the importance of knowledge in today's competitive world, an understanding of how to enhance employee knowledge sharing has become critical. This study develops an integrated model to understand key factors of employee knowledge sharing intentions through constructs prescribed by two established knowledge management research streams, namely, those concerning individual motivations and social capital. This study classifies employee knowledge sharing intentions as either tacit or explicit and investigates whether the level of the determinants and their influences differ between the two. The research model is tested with survey data collected from 2010 employees in multiple industries. Analysis results show that the proposed model significantly explains the variance of employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. This finding indicates that the model's unified perspective enhances our knowledge of how to improve employee knowledge sharing. The new findings reveal that organizational rewards have a negative effect on employees’ tacit knowledge sharing intentions but a positive influence on their explicit knowledge sharing intentions. The analysis results confirm that reciprocity, enjoyment, and social capital contribute significantly to enhancing employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. Additionally, these factors have more positive effects on tacit than on explicit knowledge intentions. The implications of the new findings are discussed.     

Social capital,behavioural control,and tacit knowledge sharing—A multi-informant design

As suggested by prior studies, tacit knowledge sharing is a natural process of social interaction. The perspectives of social capital and behavioural control are thus employed in this study to investigate an employee's tacit knowledge sharing and behaviour within a workgroup. This study collects data through a multi-informant questionnaire design. Three interesting results were obtained in this study. First, results show that tacit knowledge sharing intention can be induced by affect-based trust. However, shared value is negatively related to tacit knowledge sharing intention. Second, internal control has a positive effect on tacit knowledge sharing intention, but the relationship between internal control and tacit knowledge sharing behaviour could not be confirmed. Third, external control positively moderates the relationship between tacit knowledge sharing intention and behaviour. It is interesting to note that tacit knowledge sharing intention does not necessarily lead to tacit knowledge sharing behaviour unless the moderating effect of external control is taken into account. These findings and their implications are also addressed.     

组织学习环境下员工信息素养对创造力的影响——知识分享行为的调节作用

研究基于组织学习理论,验证员工信息素养与创造力的关系,探讨知识分享行为在组织学习与员工信息素养之间的调节作用。通过采集中国内地30个地区505名知识型员工的调查数据,运用相关性分析和结构方程模型对所提假设进行验证,结果表明:组织学习与员工信息素养呈显著相关,员工信息素养与员工创造力呈显著相关,员工信息素养在组织学习与员工创造力之间具有中介作用,知识分享行为在组织学习与员工信息素养之间具有调节作用。     

集群企业知识分享行为影响因素的实证研究

 基于计划行为理论,构建了集群企业知识分享行为意向分析模型,对某纺织产业集群进行问卷调查,用结构方程模型方法对该有关假设做了验证。实证结果表明集群企业的知识分享态度和知识分享行为控制力对知识分享行为意向具有显著性正向影响,集群企业间的合作关系可以促进知识分享,集群企业间的竞争对企业知识分享态度有消极影响,而知识分享能力在所有因素中对知识分享行为的影响程度最大。     

个体知识共享意向的社会资本透视

由于知识意味着资源和权力,个体通常不愿意分享知识。在计划行为理论和社会资本理论的基础上,构建了组织内个体知识共享意向的决定因素模型。实证研究结果显示,社会资本的关系资源（信任、规范）和个体行为理念（自我价值感知、期望报酬）对知识共享意向有显著促进作用,但是社会资本结构资源的相关假设未获得支持。     

组织创新氛围、知识分享与员工创新行为的跨层次研究

在文献回顾的基础上,以组织创新氛围为解释变量、知识分享为中介变量,构建影响员工创新行为的跨层次概念模型。运用多层线性模型技术对我国珠三角地区35家高科技企业352名员工的调查数据进行跨层次分析。研究结果表明,组织创新氛围对员工创新行为具有积极影响,且知识分享是组织创新氛围与员工创新行为之间的跨层次中介变量。该研究从理论上丰富了组织创新氛围和员工创新行为研究领域,实践上为高科技企业有效促进员工创新行为提供了指引和借鉴。     

Investigating the impact of organizational climate,motivational drivers,and empowering leadership on knowledge sharing

This paper presents a research model aimed to investigate the impact of organizational climate, motivational drivers, and empowering leadership on behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing. A research model has been developed by integrating several knowledge management studies having in-focus behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing. The hypotheses are tested on data collected from 873 employees from public and private sector organizations from Serbia’s province of Vojvodina, using partial least square structural modeling technique and SmartPLS software. Findings suggest that organizational climate with prominent dimensions of fairness, innovativeness and affiliation, empowering leadership, sense of self-worth, and altruism significantly influence individuals’ knowledge-sharing attitude, intention, and behavior thus confirming the theory of reasoned action. Results obtained in this research expand and deepen findings reported in previous studies and enable a comprehensive framework for understanding the influence of some organizational variables on employees’ tendencies to be engaged in knowledge sharing.     

组织动机感知、损失感知及知识共享意愿

知识共享是当前理论界和实践界研究的热点。本研究基于文献研究在理性行动理论以及社会交换理论基础上,探讨员工组织动机感知、损失感知与知识共享意愿的关系以及面子的调节作用。通过对580份调查问卷进行实证研究发现,组织动机感知与知识共享意愿正相关,损失感知与知识共享意愿负相关;面子负向调节损失感知与知识共享意愿的关系;面子正向调节组织动机感知与知识共享意愿的关系。研究结论对于企业促进员工知识共享意愿提升企业创新能力有重要的理论与实践指导意义。     

知识共享行为在人口统计变量上的差异性分析

通过调查获得580份有效问卷,对这580份问卷进行了探索性因子分析,验证了知识共享行为调查量表的信度,在此基础上实证分析了知识共享行为及其各个维度在人口统计变量上的差异。研究结果表明,知识共享行为在人口特征变量上除了性别以外,在职位、教育程度、部门、组织工龄、年龄等方面都有显著性差异。在研究结果的基础上提出了相应的建议:组织应该考虑人口变量对员工知识共享行为的影响,建立合理的激励措施以及营造共享的企业文化,从而提升员工知识共享意愿,促进知识共享行为,增强企业的核心竞争力。     

物质奖励、集体主义文化对知识共享意愿的影响研究

通过对高科技企业366名研发人员的实地调查,从主观规范的视角探讨物质奖励和集体主义文化对员工知识共享意愿的作用机制。研究结果表明:集体主义文化对研发人员知识共享意愿的产生具有积极影响,主观规范在其过程中发挥完全中介作用;与预期假设不同,物质奖励对知识共享意愿并无显著影响。     

学术社交网络用户知识共享意愿的影响因素研究

[目的/意义] 从动机、机会、能力3个维度揭示学术社交网络用户知识共享意愿的影响因素。[方法/过程] 基于MOA理论,构建学术社交网络用户知识共享意愿影响因素模型,搜集数据并采用结构方程模型方法对模型研究假设进行验证。[结果/结论] 利他动机、声誉动机、社区认同动机、知识获取动机、信息质量、系统质量、自我效能对学术社交网络用户的知识共享意愿影响显著,社交关系动机、服务质量对学术社交网络用户的知识共享意愿影响并不显著。该模型对解释我国学术社交网络用户的知识共享意愿和指导学术社交平台建设具有指导意义。     

基于社会资本理论的企业员工知识共享倾向研究

由于制约个体知识共享倾向的主要影响因素逐渐从技术层面向人为层面转变,故本文基于社会资本理论构建企业员工的知识共享倾向模型,并应用结构方程模型对其进行检验。结果表明社会资本对个体的知识共享倾向有显著的影响作用。     

绩效考核干预下个体成就目标导向对知识共享意愿的影响研究

成就目标导向作为成就动机的认知倾向,既是个体性格的稳定特质,同时存在不稳定的情境性特征。具备不同成就目标导向的个体由于动机认知结构的差异,对外呈现出不同的显性知识共享意愿和隐性知识共享意愿,而组织绩效考核取向作为普遍性的情境因素在其中发挥着重要的调节作用。本文通过对51家企业的678个样本进行层级回归分析发现：掌握目标导向与成绩趋近目标导向对显性知识共享意愿与隐性知识共享意愿均具有显著正向影响,掌握目标导向的正向影响更为显著并且随着绩效考核取向的提升,两种目标导向的主效应会逐渐减弱,反之则增强;成绩回避目标导向对显性知识共享意愿和隐性知识共享意愿均具有显著负向影响;随着绩效考核取向的提升,成绩回避目标与隐性知识共享意愿的负向关系有所减弱,反之则增强,这类个体的显性知识共享意愿不受绩效考核取向影响。     

知识工作者内生动机、知识共享意愿与创造力：机制与路径

本文围绕“寻求推动知识型员工提升创造力的有效路径”这一基本研究问题,以41家银行的197名员工为调查对象,在对相关文献进行回顾和分析的基础上,依托社会认知理论构建并运用层次回归分析方法检验了一个包括中介环节的调节效应模型。研究结果表明知识工作者的内生动机对创造力具有显著正向影响;知识共享意愿在知识工作者内生动机与创造力之间起部分中介作用;自我效能感调节了知识共享意愿对知识工作者内生动机与创造力关系的部分中介作用。这些结论丰富了内生动机与创造力关系理论,同时有助于企业深入理解知识型员工内生动机的重要性及其如何通过知识共享意愿对员工创造力发挥作用。     

感知知识个人所有权与隐性知识共享意愿——知识付费调节作用下的中介效应

[目的/意义]基于知识付费的中介效应视角，以在线社会网络为研究对象，分析知识个体的感知知识个人所有权、自我效能感对隐性知识共享意愿的影响机制，以期对促进在线社会网络运营主体充分调动知识个体持有者主动共享其隐性知识产生一定的启示作用。[方法/过程]基于对314名样本的数据采集结果相关性分析，构建回归分析模型，并通过MPLUS7.0软件对变量之间的作用关系进行分析。[结果/结论]1）感知知识个人所有权促进隐性知识共享意愿的提升；2）自我效能感完全中介感知知识个人所有权对隐性知识共享意愿的影响；3）知识付费程度越高，自我效能感对隐性知识共享意愿的正向影响会被削弱，自我效能感在感知知识个人所有权与隐性知识共享意愿之间所起的中介作用也会被削弱。     

组织氛围感知对员工创新行为的影响—基于知识共享意愿的中介效应

本文研究组织氛围感知对员工创新行为的影响,引入了知识共享意愿作为中介变量,通过对459份问卷进行实证研究发现,友好关系感知、创新氛围感知对员工创新行为有正向影响,公平氛围感知对员工创新行为没有显著影响;知识共享意愿在创新氛围感知与员工创新行为关系中起部分中介作用,知识共享意愿在友好关系氛围感知与员工创新行为关系中起部分中介作用。本文对研究结进行了分析和讨论。     

Going beyond technology: Knowledge sharing as a tool for enhancing customer-oriented attitudes

Numerous articles, books and essays have shown that ongoing efforts to meet customers’ needs characterize market leaders. For a firm to successfully develop customer-oriented attitudes throughout the entire organization, employees at all levels and sections need to be committed to providing a high level of service. It is therefore essential to understand what drives employees – especially those who do not interact daily with customers – to adopt a customer-oriented attitude. The aim of this study is to shed some light on one facet of this relationship, namely the mechanism of knowledge sharing that may impact employee customer orientation. The underlying notion is that technology, in its various advanced forms of CRM software, enhances and enables client “knowing.” In other words, it leads to a greater ability on the part of employees to share knowledge, which brings about real customer orientation.This paper provides empirical evidence, based on a sample of 345 Hi-Tech workers from a telecommunication company, of a link between sharing explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge to enhance customer orientation. The findings indicate that sharing tacit knowledge has a positive effect on increasing employee customer orientation and increases sharing of explicit knowledge, while also strengthening communication about customers in the organization. It is concluded that firms should encourage tacit knowledge sharing and its transformation by technology into explicit knowledge to augment employees’ customer-oriented attitudes.     

组织激励、组织文化对知识共享的差异化作用机理——基于修订的社会影响理论

 组织智力资本的增进依赖于组织成员间广泛的共享知识。组织激励与组织文化分别代表了促进组织成员知识共享的正式和非正式组织因素成为学术界与企业界关注的焦点。鉴于鲜有研究同时关注并区分正式的组织激励和非正式的组织文化对知识共享的差异化作用机理,本研究采用修订的社会影响理论对组织激励、组织文化与知识共享三者间的关系进行了系统研究,通过对1182名知识型员工的问卷调查发现：组织激励通过顺从机制的中介效应间接影响组织成员的知识共享意愿;组织文化通过认同机制和内化机制（情感承诺）的中介效应间接影响组织成员的知识共享态度,进而最终影响组织成员的知识共享意愿。