也谈开放教育的“网上教学”

总结性评估结束后,开放教育转入日常教学,作为开放教育主要教学手段之一的网上教学也日益受到大家的重视。但这一活动在开展过程中还存在着一些误区,分析这些误区并拿出具体的改进措施,才是搞好开放教育网上教学的关键。     

开放教育网上教学范式研究

网上教学是开放教育教学改革与教学质量保障的重要环节,但是目前却存在现实的瓶颈,即不断丰富的教学资源、先进的技术手段与较低的资源使用率、活动参与率的明显对比,这引起了开放远程教育工作者和研究者的思考。教学的主体、形式、内容、规范等等存在问题,都可能成为网上教学失效的原因。网上教学是一个动态的过程,由若干相互联系、相互作用的要素组合而成,努力做好平台建设、资源建设、教学规范制定及其他制度保障,形成规范化的教学范式,方能达成教学目标。     

开放教育本科法学专业网上实践教学初探

本对远程开放教育本科法学专业网上实践教学的地位作用、网上模拟法庭的构成、组织实施及评价作了介绍和分析，阐述了构成网上模拟法庭的三大模块以及组织实施过程。     

南京电大开放教育网上教学现状分析与对策

网上教学工作是开放教育试点项目的中心工作之一，网上教学是实施开放教育课程并保证开放教育质量的关键因素，南京广播电视大学十分重视网上教学工作和网上教学效果研究。文章依据南京电大网上教学检查和网上教学问卷调查结果与分析，从加强网上教学资源建设、完善网上教学支持服务等六个方面。提出了促进网上教学工作的策略与措施。     

宁波电大开放教育网上教学现状的调查研究

网上教学在电大开放教育教学中起着至关重要的作用.文章在各类数据采集、问卷调查和个别访谈的基础上,全面梳理了宁波电大网上教学资源的配置情况、网上教学活动的安排及实施效果,重点分析了师生调查问卷的结果,并得出若干调查研究的结论,为进一步提高网上教学的有效性奠定了基础.     

上海开放大学开放教育网上教学质量保证研究

文章立足于上海开放大学网上教学质量保证体系建设的研究,阐述了开放教育网上教学质量控制的关键环节和主要监测点,提出了五维建设的理论,认为上海开放大学网上教学质量保证体系依赖于教师、学生、平台资源、师生互动和学习支持服务这五个方面的建设质量。就此详细分析了开放教育网上教学质量控制的各个环节,对网上教学质量保证指标体系的具体设计进行了初步探索。     

开放教育网上英语教学"三学"模式

宁波电大开放教育本科英语专业经过近6年的实践探索与理论研究,构建了基于混合学习理论的开放教育"导学→自学←助学"的网上英语教学模式.该模式凸显了"自主学习"的中心地位,并围绕"自主学习",开展全面、及时、便捷的"导学"和"助学"服务."导学"、"助学"相互结合,互动交融,贯穿于整个教学过程和教学的各个环节,是开放教育网上英语教学活动顺利开展的有力保证.     

开放教育网上教学工作的思考与探索

网上教学是广播电视大学开放教育教学工作极其重要的组成部分。根据网上教学的现状从导学教师的角度出发,分析网上教学问题出现的原因,指出开放教育导学教师在思想上和角色上应做的转换以及应具备的素养,提出3个具体可行的措施。     

开放教育网上教学策略制定的思考

教学策略包括教师教的策略和学生学的策略,它主要是解决教师如何教和学生如何学的问题,这也是教学设计研究的重点。目前开放教育成人的网络学习主要以解决问题为目标,以研究性学习为主。加强对网络教育教学策略研究有助于提高网络教学质量,对现代远程教育的发展有积极的意义。     

浅谈远程开放教育网上教学的长效开展

与传统的面授教学模式相比,远程开放教育教学模式改革以网上教学为主导和重点。基于现代信息技术开展网上教学,也是远程开放教育教学模式改革的难点。文章针对总结性评估后网上教学的开展,提出采取完善网上教学管理制度、多级平台联动、多元师生网上互动、丰富网上教学形式、评奖激励等措施,从而使网上教学长效和有效地开展。     

Rethinking online discourse: Improving learning through discussions in the online classroom

As colleges continue to expand online offerings, student participation within courses should be assessed to ensure that teachers can best implement effective, responsible lesson plans. This study examined discourse in an online classroom in order to gauge student participation by observing student-to-student and student-to-instructor exchanges within the discussion board. Classroom discourse was analyzed using Stahl’s computer supported collaborative learning methodology. Data was collected to assess development of classroom dialogue through group collaboration, and to determine whether participants were interpreting previous posts and contributing to the development of the discussion topic. This study shows that students within the online classroom were able to construct deeper meanings in classroom dialogues through thoughtful and personal contributions, thereby reaching new understandings through collaborative discussion. This study contends that through insightful planning and guided responses, instructors can manage online classroom discussions to better direct student communications in order to improve collaborative learning and knowledge construction.     

Rethinking the nature of online work in asynchronous learning networks

Research on asynchronous learning networks (ALNs) has indicated that there are problems with both the quantity and quality of online interactions that can undermine the aim of inquiry. The goal of this paper is to offer a new way of thinking about these problems in the context of knowledge building, a specific form of collaborative inquiry supported by an ALN. Drawing from interviews with teachers following two teacher education courses that introduced teachers to knowledge building, it is argued that we need to rethink the role and purpose of online work in ALNs—as building a communal learning resource. A framework for doing this is proposed in terms of three notions: collaboration, learning how to learn and idea improvement. The framework is expected to contribute to the literature on knowledge building by providing a new way to distinguish knowledge building from other forms of collaborative inquiry.     

Rethinking Learner Support: The challenge of collaborative online learning

The use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) as an integral part of the design of distance taught courses raises interesting challenges to our thinking about course design and learner support. These have typically been conceptualised as two complementary but distinct systems in distance education, characterised by different practices often carried out by different groups of staff. Where CMC is designed as an integral part of the course, with collaborative learning as essential to assessment and study, this separation breaks down. The design of online activities is integral to both learner support and the course content, with new possibilities for open and distance learning as a result. Where the learning group itself is a resource for study and personal development, it also becomes feasible to orientate courses and programmes towards local teams and communities. Online tutors play a key role and need to develop 'the technology of conversation' and expertise in the design of activities, as part of their facilitator role.     

Rethinking lifelong learning through online distance learning in Chinese educational policies, practices and research

This paper offers a critique of the Chinese philosophy of online distance learning as a means of building a lifelong learning society. Literature about lifelong learning and its implications for online distance learning is reviewed. Documents, reports and research papers are examined to explore the characteristics of the Chinese philosophy of online distance learning as reflected in the prevailing understanding and debates in the field. Phenomenological analysis, deconstructive discourse analysis and internal criticism are employed, guided by a phenomenological qualitative methodology. The critique reveals that the notion of lifelong learning is to some extent obscured in meaning in the prevailing understanding of and debates about Chinese online distance learning. Furthermore, it shows that the Chinese philosophy of online distance learning paradoxically combines a sense of overenthusiasm with a sense of underestimation associated with the potential of online distance learning in promoting lifelong learning. Also identified is the emerging development of Chinese online distance learning towards its 'in-depth development', based on an increasing awareness of the necessity to enhance the quality of online distance learning through integration of educational theories with information and communication technologies (ICT). The paper calls for a new vision on ICT for learning as a necessary condition for successful incorporation of Chinese online distance learning with and into lifelong learning.     

开放教育学生网上学习的调查与分析——对99级本科"计算机科学与技术"专业的个案剖析

本文通过对南京广播电视大学开放教育本科"计算机科学与技术"专业1999级学生的随机抽样调查,探讨开放教育实践中网上学习的经验、成果和需要改进的问题,并对网上资源建设的有关问题提出几点思考.     

Researching the efficacy of online learning: A collaborative effort amongst scholars in Asian open universities

This article reports on a collaborative effort amongst scholars from ODL institutions across Asia that resulted in an analysis of the status of online learning. Eleven leading open universities participated in this project, each having representatives join the project team. The exchange among team members and data collection was conducted solely online and comprised the following three stages: (1) continuous email exchange; (2) institutional profile survey; and (3) student perception survey of online learning. Altogether, 1906 students returned valid questionnaires. The results reveal an array of methodologies used to design, implement and deliver online learning and include the perceptions of users on the advantages, disadvantages and barriers to learning online from an ODL perspective in Asia.