复杂科学视域下的德育评价

复杂科学作为研究复杂现象、复杂问题和复杂系统的科学,是研究如何按照事物本来的复杂面目深刻地认识、理解和把握事物发展及其变化的一门新科学。复杂科学的整体性、动态性、非线性和开放性的思维方式,为现代德育评价注入了一股清新气息。复杂科学视域下的德育评价改革,应从单一走向综合,从一元走向多元,从静态走向动态,从封闭走向开放。     

语文阅读教学中的思维训练

在阅读的全过程中,复杂的语言实践活动,复杂的心智活动和复杂的情感活动,总是有机结合、难以分割的.在这三个复杂的活动中,心智活动(即"思维活动")是核心,它既是复杂的语言实践活动和复杂的情感活动的源头,又是这两种活动的归宿.可见,阅读教学应重点训练学生的思维能力.     

教育生态系统复杂性探讨

复杂科学是20世纪80年代产生的研究复杂系统的综合科学,教育生态系统是一种复杂系统,从复杂科学的原理和方法对教育生态系统的复杂性给以研究成为一种必然.本文从复杂科学的原理和方法对教育生态系统的复杂性从其组成、结构、功能、演替的复杂性,及其系统的复杂特性给以较全面的分析,并初步阐述了复杂科学的原理和方法在教育生态系统中的实际运用,并对当前的教育及教育生态研究从复杂科学的视角给以新的启发和指导.     

复杂网络鲁棒性的一种基本参数

文章利用复杂网络传播与响应,研究了对复杂网络鲁棒性的影响参数。研究结果表明,复杂网络的相互作用系数,可以作为衡量复杂网络鲁棒性的一种基本参数。     

列方程解稍复杂的实际问题教学的探索与思考

列方程解稍复杂的应用题的关键是找数量间的相等关系.稍复杂的应用题之所以复杂在于它的数量关系错综复杂.过去由于教师十分看重学生对复杂数量关系问题解决的掌握,把课堂教学的大部分时间用来让学生进行问题解决的练习,而忽视了对学生复杂数     

复杂系统方法在教育研究中的运用探索

本文在介绍了复杂系统方法的主要内容和特点的基础上探讨教育研究中运用复杂系统方法的由来、依据和主要方式,着重探讨了三类复杂系统即耗散系统、复杂适应性系统和开放的复杂巨系统的共同的特点：开放性、非线性,并以此为例说明复杂系统方法可在思想指导、复杂系统仿真技术、研讨厅体系等方面综合运用于教育研究中,并且可结合其他方法如“被研究者自述”等在实践中更好地解决复杂性难题。     

基于模块化开发的供应商参与CoPS创新模式研究

复杂产品系统在社会经济中发挥着非常重要的作用,研究供应商参与复杂产品系统创新具有重要意义。在分析复杂产品系统(CoPS)的内涵和特征、复杂产品系统模块化开发思想基础上,探讨了供应商参与复杂产品系统创新的两种模式:一是供应商作为外包商参与复杂产品系统创新模式;二是供应商与集成商合作开发CoPS的模式。     

基于复杂范式理论的广告学课程体系研究

埃德加·莫兰的复杂范式理论实现课程研究和实践由简化向复杂的范式转变.从复杂范式的基本思想观点出发,审视高校广告学课程体系存在的问题,依据复杂课程观的特征,审视课程改革的复杂形态.以更加理性地研究改革,更为有效地实施改革,从而为高校课程体系优化提出发展路径.     

试论复杂适应性企业的构建及虚拟企业的复杂适应性

作为传统企业组织和管理模式的创新,复杂适应性企业能较好地适应信息和知识经济时代对企业组织结构及其运行的要求.基于复杂适应系统的基本特性和机制,构建复杂适应性企业的关键在于恰当选择企业积木内部模型和积木类型,培养其复杂适应性.虚拟企业因其继承了柔性制造、灵活制造和精益生产等众多优点而具有较好的复杂适应性,是一种典型的复杂适应性企业.     

复杂网络在无线网络中的应用研究

复杂网络广泛应用于自然、社会、生物、工程技术等众多领域,现实世界中存在的大量复杂系统,都可以用网络来描述,复杂网络研究为探讨复杂系统的性质提供了一个新的视角.文章首先简述了复杂网络的结构特征及其理论特性,对网络的结构和功能作了简要概述,最后以Matlab为工具,实证研究了无线自组织网络拓扑结构的复杂网络特征.     

一种基于双网络模型的图像识别新方法

针对基于复杂网络图像识别方法建模复杂度过高问题,提出一种基于双网络模型的灰度图像识别新方法。首先将像素点作为复杂网络节点,基于灰度乘积构建图像的结构平衡网络模型以及基于欧氏距离构建复杂网络模型,然后分别计算两种网络模型的拓扑特征参量,形成最终的图像特征识别参量。相比现有基于复杂网络的图像识别方法,该方法在理论上能够降低图像建模复杂度,提高图像识别速度。使用 YALE 人脸数据库进行仿真对比实验,结果表明,该方法的图像识别速度为传统复杂网络方法的 35%,正确率提高了 4%。     

The Effects of Alternative Flowcharting Techniques on Performance on Procedural Tasks

Many individuals tend to have difficulty completing complex procedural tasks that require branching. Neither prose–based nor list–based instructions have been efficient in alleviating this difficulty. Traditional flowcharts have proven more effective in helping individuals to complete complex procedural tasks, but only after several practice sessions. However, it is possible that the use of map–like symbols may eliminate the need for repeated flowchart practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of flowcharts utilizing map–like symbols on performer efficiency in completing a complex procedural task. The results of this study indicated no significant difference between the use of map–like symbols and traditional flowcharts in helping performers to complete complex procedural tasks. However, both graphic presentation formats were found to be significantly more efficient than a list–based presentation of information. It was expected than an intuitive map–like presentation would be more efficient than a list–based format. However, the efficiency of the flowchart presentation under unpracticed conditions was unexpected, based on prior research.     

一种基于有向图的复杂系统可靠度计算方法

复杂系统的可靠度计算是可靠性工程研究的主要内容,传统的偏微分方程、概率统计和矩阵计算等运算较复杂,工程应用推广较差。作者提出一种基于有向图的复杂系统可靠度计算方法,该方法通过对成熟的系统可靠性框图进行改造、扩展和转化,使之变为直观、便于计算的有向带权图,从而有效解决复杂系统的可靠度计算困难问题。     

借助MATLAB软件理解初等复变函数

复变函数由实部和虚部两个二元函数组成,其图形需要在四维空间中显示,与二元实变函数相比,复变函数相对不容易理解,并且一些复变函数有着与实变函数截然不同的特征。借助MATLAB软件将复变函数可视化,使抽象问题具体化、直观化,从而加深学生对复变函数特征的理解。     

From a Disciplinary to an Interdisciplinary Design Research: Developing an Integrative Approach for Design

As the new generation of designers face more complex design issues, the forms of design research start to shift towards a user‐centred approach to problem‐solving. The cooperation and communication among various fields and specialisations are becoming more complex; in many practical design cases, in particular, technology developers face challenges in deciphering the creative ideas of designers and the needs and restraints of users, society, law and science. The emergence of integrative design based on a wide range of disciplines has prompted discussion and exploration among various participants. The direction of contemporary design research has already transformed from one based on production of artefact to one focused on the integration of varied knowledge and fields at different stages. We examine such design research based on a problem‐driven approach in two case studies characterised by interdisciplinary collaboration for solving complex problems. We focus on the transformation and implementation of integrative design research methods and suggest a ‘reflection‐in‐action’ problem‐solving process for strengthening the capabilities of multidisciplinary design research.     

大学生自卑心理的成因及其对策

在大学生的成长和发展中,自卑心理是一种常见的心理表现,这种心理表现严重地影响着大学生的心理健康。为有效预防与干预自卑心理对大学生带来的负面影响,必须在详细分析大学生自卑心理表现与成因的基础上提出应对策略。     

一种复杂背景下运动目标识别和跟踪方法

针对在复杂静态背景下对运动目标点识别和跟踪的问题,本文将复杂静态背景下运动中的小车作为动态目标,根据目标特征采用图像预处理和图像配准的方法完成了对目标的探测和跟踪实验结果表叫：该方法可以基本满足复杂背景下运动目标自动识别和跟踪的要求．     

基于Kalman滤波器的红外标志点快速识别与跟踪

在军事上,利用移动机器人跟踪前方的引导员,在野外复杂环境中完成后勤运输与救援任务有重要的意义．针对野外复杂环境这个应用背景,提出了一个基于红外标志点的视觉跟踪系统,该系统有效的解决了传统的视觉跟踪方法受周围环境影响而不能够准确的识别跟踪对象的缺陷;针对传统的标志点识别采用全局搜索的方法计算量大、实时性差的缺陷,提出了一种基于Kalman滤波器预测的红外标志点的识别方法,该方法较传统的标志点识别方法识别速度提高了93％．     

Integrated statistical and engineering process control based on smooth transition autoregressive model

Traditional studies on integrated statistical process control and engineering process control (SPC-EPC) are based on linear autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time series models to describe the dynamic noise of the system.However,linear models sometimes are unable to model complex nonlinear autocorrelation.To solve this problem,this paper presents an integrated SPC-EPC method based on smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) time series model,and builds a minimum mean squared error (MMSE) controller as well as an integrated SPC-EPC control system.The performance of this method for checking the trend and sustained shift is analyzed.The simulation results indicate that this integrated SPC-EPC control method based on STAR model is effective in controlling complex nonlinear systems.     

Networks of law encoding diagrams for understanding science

Understanding science involves the mastery of complex networks of concepts. To design effective computer based systems for learning science it is essential to adequately characterize the nature of those conceptual networks, so that clear and appropriate instructional goals can be defined and fed into the design process. This paper considers a novel class of representations for science instruction — Law Encoding Diagrams (LEDs) — and describes the nature of scientific understanding based on these representations. A framework of four classes of schemas has been proposed to characterizes problem solving and learning with LEDs. How the framework encompasses complex networks of concepts is discussed and the implications for the design of computer based learning environments based on LEDs are considered.