我国图书馆事业发展政策刍议

The users demands and the situation of economic & cultural development of the society as wellhinge the rise and fall of the library cause.Demands of users have not been get on the upsurge in thatthe economic and cultural development of china is in a state     

联机公共检索目录系统的发展

Since the development of the Online Public Access Catalogues in the 1970s, libraries in Europe and America have devoted more and more attention to it. To date, it has already developed to the third generation. The OPAC System makes those users who lack training and experience be able to use it directly. It provides the users a kind of capability to access, which is neither like the order language with a very complex function, nor is it like the "menu" one with a very simple function. The interface design of it is an important phase of OPAC device,the study of which falls into the following categories;1)the matching aid.2)the retrieval aid.and 3)the semantic/contextual aid.The successful practice of the development and services of OPAC opens up a wide range of prospect for readers to use library materials directly.     

论联机环境对规范控制的影响

The article explains the basic concepts of authority control, cataloging of copies and the original cataloging. Changes of authority control in the online environment are also discussed, including authority control for shifting from precataloging to postcataloging and separating of mechanical labour from mental labour, and the implementation of authority control at different levels. The paper shows the necessity of partial and local authority control, pointing out that the individual authority of files may have already been obsolete,and they should be replaced by online authority files.The author holds that the vital question confronted by libraries is to make a change of authority work so as to control online catalogues.He also places emphases on the chief problems to be taken into consideration for the ahthority work in China.3 illus.17 references.     

读者心理与图书馆员素质

The major content of the study of library users is the study of their psychology. Readers emotion is subject to the library s environment, the quality and quantity of the documents and the emotion of the readers themselves as well. In order to make a good job of reader services, the librarians, in addition to their erudition and skill, should have the following three qualities: 1) self-cultivation， 2) ability to observe and analyse the readers psychology， and 3) sedate and refined appearance.     

剖析情报学理论体系流派的用户观

The paper analyses informations, information systems, information users and the interrelations among them. It generally evaluates the user concepts of each of the following schools of information science:the interchange school, the knowledge school, the decision school and the communication school. 3 illus. 9 references.     

改革十年的图书馆学:——“理论与实践脱节”解决方法研究述评

For more than ten years,lots of ways have been set forth to salve the problem of"theory di-vorced from practice",such as:the study of library science should move towards an orderly way andintensiveness;an institute of library science studies should be set     

论图书馆学研究权威——关于图书馆学研究发展的思考

China has achieved brilliant success in library research however,quite a few problems still exist,among which,there are two major problems existing in the order of the research:the thought of aca-demic authorities is weakening and the excessive defendence     

当代图书馆事业所面临的问题

Problems in finance, personnel, technology theory and legislation confronting, the present-day library undertaking are reviewed and compared one with the other in a comparatively systematic way. 114 references.     

图书馆学基础理论研究概述

Since Mr.M.W.Schrettinger of Germany used the term"library science"for the first time in1807,quite a few Chinese and foreign library scientists have been trying to explore its nature,and theobjects,contents and methods of study,at the same time to explain     

论情报意识

The Subject of information consciousness is probed from the four aspects of its definition, history, structure and function on the basis of Marxist principles of philosophy and dialectics. The paper holds that information consciousness being a high-grade psychological reaction of human nervous system to the information system, is a scientific activity which has progressively approached to perfection in the process of the emergence and development of scientific information activities since the present era. 1 illus.13 refs.     

Knowledge sharing practices: A case study at Malaysia’s healthcare research institutes

The main objective of this study was to investigate the perception of the researchers and officers within the National Institutes of Health Malaysia (NIH) about their understanding of knowledge sharing practices in their respective environment. Questions included: what are the perceptions of the respondents with regard to the knowledge sharing practices in their respective institutions? What are the benefits for knowledge sharing practices as perceived by them? What are their perceived organisational knowledge sharing practices motivating factors? Also, what are the hindering factors? The survey of the researchers and officers of the NIH was distributed to 400 respondents from the six research institutes under NIH: Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Institute for Public Health (IPH), Network for Clinical Research Centres (CRC), Institute for Health Management (IHM), Institute for Health Systems Research (IHSR) and Institute for Health Promotion (IHP). The responses indicated that knowledge sharing depends on the context of encouraging and rewarding the practices of organisational knowledge sharing. The findings suggest four factors – Environment and Infrastructure, Management Support, Culture and Technology – as significant determinants in influencing the organisational knowledge sharing practices among the employees. The study was limited to the perceptual aspect of the issue, specifically from the individuals’ opinions and sentiments.     

Knowledge sharing practices: A case study at Malaysia’s healthcare research institutes

The main objective of this study was to investigate the perception of the researchers and officers within the National Institutes of Health Malaysia (NIH) about their understanding of knowledge sharing practices in their respective environment. Questions included: what are the perceptions of the respondents with regard to the knowledge sharing practices in their respective institutions? What are the benefits for knowledge sharing practices as perceived by them? What are their perceived organisational knowledge sharing practices motivating factors? Also, what are the hindering factors? The survey of the researchers and officers of the NIH was distributed to 400 respondents from the six research institutes under NIH: Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Institute for Public Health (IPH), Network for Clinical Research Centres (CRC), Institute for Health Management (IHM), Institute for Health Systems Research (IHSR) and Institute for Health Promotion (IHP). The responses indicated that knowledge sharing depends on the context of encouraging and rewarding the practices of organisational knowledge sharing. The findings suggest four factors – Environment and Infrastructure, Management Support, Culture and Technology – as significant determinants in influencing the organisational knowledge sharing practices among the employees. The study was limited to the perceptual aspect of the issue, specifically from the individuals’ opinions and sentiments.     

A framework for interpreting social media interactions in the public sector

Social media applications are extending the information and communication technology landscape in the public sector and are used to increase government transparency, participation and collaboration in the U.S. federal government. The success, impact and performance of these new forms of bi-directional and networked interactions can provide insights to understand compliance with the mandate of the Open Government Initiative. Many government agencies are experimenting with the use of social media, however very few actively measure the impact of their digital interactions. This article builds on insights from social media directors in the U.S. federal government highlighting their current lack of measurement practices for social media interactions. Based on their articulated needs for measurement, existing rules regulating the extent of measurement practices and technological features of the main social media platforms, a framework is presented that traces online interactions to mission support and the resulting social media tactics. Implications for both researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

An Evaluation of Four Levels of Online Training in Public Libraries

This study employed a sequential, mixed-method confirmatory research design to assess the impact of the delivery of library staff asynchronous online training at four levels of instructional intervention and workplace integration on short- and long-term knowledge acquisition/retention, self-efficacy, and job performance. The study utilized a pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest design with 192 staff members from twenty-seven public libraries in the United States completing all phases of the four-month longitudinal study. The study proposed an evidence-based, comparative evaluation framework to discern effectiveness of competency-based online training and the impact of varying online training implementation practices. The study found that all levels of instructional intervention resulted in significant short-term knowledge acquisition and enhancement of self-efficacy, and the three approaches that utilized facilitation resulted in long-term knowledge acquisition and improvement in self-efficacy. The impact on long-term workplace practices resulted in unique findings for small and large libraries. The researchers recommend further research in online training evaluation and best practices in public library online training.     

Zombies,Sirens, and Lady Gaga – Oh My! Developing a Framework for Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure for U.S. Emergency Alert Systems

U.S. emergency alert systems (EAS) run on legacy software with aging hardware and limited cybersecurity. While EASs are an essential component of the U.S. critical infrastructure, they are often under-funded, and workers frequently lack the knowledge to protect these systems adequately. Recent compromises of various EASs have not inspired public confidence. We present a method for EAS authorities to engage with external cybersecurity researchers to find, recover from, and disclose vulnerabilities using coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) policies. Clearly written CVD policies set guidelines and legal bounds for cybersecurity research, taking advantage of researcher expertise while working to strengthen the cybersecurity of the patchwork public-private-government networks comprising EASs. We intended to investigate the CVD policies of EASs in seven southeastern states; however, we could find no CVD policies through the entire supply chain. Instead, we investigated the CVD policies of the top 10 technology firms on the Fortune 500 list, analyzing best practices in terms of publication of a CVD policy, as well as: setting eligibility requirements, describing the submission process, delineating researcher restrictions, outlining agreements on sharing credit, and explaining bounties (if relevant). We recommend that EAS authorities develop CVD policies in line with suggested criteria, using policies from top technology organizations combined with the proposed framework, and using cybersecurity researchers as a valuable component of the EAS supply chain.     

刍议数字时代档案学理论研究与指导实践的脱节

数字时代,档案学理论研究与指导实践脱节。脱节表现在理论研究领域与实践工作领域失联,外来理论指导本土实践失利,档案学教育应对实践岗位需求失当。造成脱节的原因包括主体分化造成理论与实践隔阂,历史惯性致使实践缺乏创新,行政体制导致实践与理论无关。应该通过立足本土实际开展档案学研究,以问题为牵引开展档案学研究,加强研究主体的横向联合,完善档案教育的多重效果等途径改变这种脱节的状况。     

Usage of E-journals by researchers in Aligarh Muslim University

Abstract

This article presents a study that seeks to examine the usage of e-journals by the researchers at Aligarh Muslim University. The survey reveals that all the researchers are aware of e-journals in AMU. From this survey, the investigator has been able to find out that many research scholars are consulting e-journals from their departmental labs and computer centers, not only for research purposes but also to update their own knowledge. However, the study also revealed several problems, including lack of training and slow downloading. The researchers’ feelings about the need for print journals as well as electronic journals are also discussed.     

A methodological framework for studying visual information practices

Visual information dominates our modern information landscape and plays a critical role in the production of knowledge. However, research in information studies has not fully considered how people engage with visual information, in the form of images, visualization software and instruments, as well as audiovisual media, at the level of visual information in practice. This gap is addressed by first outlining the methodological challenges visual information practices pose to research, then reviewing recent information practices research projects that consider visual information, and concluding by offering a methodological framework drawn from the author's dissertation research for studying visual information practices, with suggestions provided for researchers who are interested in conducting research in this area.