COLLEGE EDUCATION IN HUNGARY

The college system of Hungary is introduced. Colleges have a long history in Hungary and operate at a level similar to that of the Fachhochschulen of Germany. The main areas of study and research which they cover are listed as are their admission requirements. Their system of governance is described as are also the ways in which they are funded. A table of facts and figures on Hungarian colleges is appended.     

PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELLING IN MUSIC SCHOOLS IN POLAND

The development of psychological counselling for students of music schools in Poland is presented. The author's counselling experience has shown that crises in music school students can be analyzed in terms of values, technology and socio‐emotional factors. An important feature of psychological diagnosis is the analysis of musical achievement motivation (short, medium and longterm).     

高校财务管理应善于换位思考

高校财务管理的目的是提高资金效益,要调动各单位聚财的积极性,管理的自觉性,财务部门就应该主动协调双方关系——必须善于换位思考.     

PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN HUNGARY

Mrs. Deri, after stating that in Hungary today there is a satisfactory number of women students in higher education, splits up the total figures for women students at university into fields of study and shows which ones women usually prefer. She then reviews briefly the results of a sociological survey concerning various questions related to women in higher education, before and after graduation, their professional choices and career opportunities

Mrs. Vera Deri is attached to the Pedagogical Research Centre for Higher Education, Budapest, Hungary     

RELATIONS BETWEEN TEACHING AND RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS AT RESEARCH-INTENSIVE UNIVERSITIES

We examine the relationship between research and teaching practices as they are enacted by university professors in a research-intensive university. First we propose a theoretical model for the study of this relationship based on Chevallard’s anthropological theory. This model is used to design and analyze an interview study with physical geographers and mathematicians at the University of Copenhagen. We found significant differences in how the respondents from the two disciplines assessed the relationship between research and teaching. Above all, while geography research practices are often and smoothly integrated into geography teaching even at the undergraduate level, teaching in mathematics may at best be ‘similar’ to mathematical research practice, at least at the undergraduate level. Finally, we discuss the educational implications of these findings.     

EDUCATION TO PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING IN HUNGARY

Demographic changes have altered medical practice, shifting the focus to the health care problems of the aged. These changes challenge health policy and services and require adjustments in the content of both undergraduate and postgraduate health professional curricula. The undergraduate and postgraduate medical teaching at the Gerontology Center of the Semmelweis University of Medicine in Budapest is described. In the future, it will be important to include medical gerontology in the curricula of all four medical schools in Hungary.     

匈牙利

匈牙利自称是马扎尔人,语言学上属于亚洲系和芬兰乌戈尔语族。音乐史上和德国,特别是和澳地利密切相关。20世纪开始,由巴尔托克和柯达依等人的研究使之得以明确的匈牙利民歌特征,是和居住在前苏联的伏尔加河沿岸的少数民族共同的,在旋律构造上具有亚洲的特征。在古老风格的音乐中,重视歌词的节奏,以组细密的装饰音、自由节奏和像说话那样地歌唱为特点的旋律,令人联想起来以亚洲为起源的民族性特征。其中,几百年前开始就有的古旋律,使用的是无半音的五声音阶。在比较(?)近的旋律中,则发展了六声音阶和七声音阶。如今,这种古老风格的音乐极为…     

EDUCATIONAL DECENTRALIZATION IN COMMUNIST AND POST-COMMUNIST HUNGARY

National political reorganization in a post-communist era has reconceptualized both the societal role of education and the cultural significance of schooling for citizens in emerging democracies. To date, attention has focused primarily on changing structures rather than on participant perceptions within those structures. In this policy analysis of Hungary's overlapping decentralization and de-sovietization process, the author constructs macro and micro depictions of contemporary social and educational change. These two columns of inquiry illuminate the interactive dynamics between political, economic, and educational systems and the reidentification process of individuals within evolving systems. Because the decentralization of Hungary's educational system began long before the political break with Moscow in 1989, this case enables a more comprehensive and comparative perspective regarding the reorganization of power between school and state.     

WOMEN IN SWISS UNIVERSITIES

The following article is an abstract of the booklet “Frauen an der Hochschule” (Women in Higher Education), published by Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz in August 1980, Zurich.>

The article, sent to us by Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz, is meant to provide the reader with some complementary information concerning the situation of women in higher education in Switzerland, The article stresses the consequences of early socialization, and later role‐conflicts in performance oriented system of higher education. Similar lines of thought have also been expressed in the articles on the Netherlands and FRG.

Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz is a psychologist attached to the"Psyahologische Studentenberatungsstelle” (Centre for Student Counselling), of Zürich's institutions of higher education.     

THE ECOLOGICAL ASPECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN HUNGARY

Environmental education based on ecological knowledge should be present at all levels of education in Hungary. It should be interdisciplinary and should progress in a linear fashion from kindergarten through postgraduate studies. Its most important goal should be the formation of environmental consciousness in students through the application of pedagogical techniques which make them sensitive to the principles of ecology. It is particularly important that all teacher training programmes include a strong environmental consciousness component as well as instruction in interdisciplinary teaching techniques.     

ADMINISTRATIVE SATISFACTION AND THE REGULATORY CLIMATE AT PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

To what extent do differences in regulatory climate among states influence the satisfaction levels of campus managers? This study first measures the financial, personnel, and academic dimensions of state regulation, and examines the extent to which university and state characteristics have an effect on the regulatory climate and administrative flexibility granted to campuses. Second, the research analyzes the dimensions of managerial satisfaction and tests the hypothesis that the state's regulatory climate exercises an influence on the satisfaction levels of managers who are in functional areas impacted by state control. An array of organizational, individual, and work climate variables is used as controls. Atmospheres of administrative teamwork and interpersonal stress appear to exert the strongest positive and negative influences on administrative satisfaction.