论网络时代大学生的思想政治教育

网络时代的到来,给大学生思想政治教育带来了新的发展领域和途径,从而改变着大学生的学习、生活和思维方式,影响着大学生的世界观、人生观和价值观。本文在研究网络时代给大学生思想政治教育工作带来的新机遇和冲击的基础上,探讨了高校如何利用网络加强大学生思想政治教育的方法和途径。     

The Unfolding Trends and Consequences of Expanding Higher Education in Ethiopia: Massive Universities, Massive Challenges

There have been significant increases in the number of universities and student enrollments in the last fifteen years in Ethiopia. The numerical gains have brought about improved access to higher education for students. The expansion has also diversified fields of study and opened opportunities to pursue higher degrees to a significant number of students. Furthermore, the opportunity created for the university staff includes increased university job security, positions in the university leadership and scholarships for PhD degrees. On the other hand, the downside effects of the massification have worsened the conditions of university teaching staff. Among others, it has resulted in increasing work load and extended work schedules for academic staff. A managerialist culture has evolved that measures teaching against instrumental outcomes. There is a sense of deprofessionalisation and deskilling among staff manifested in practices that are disconnections from professional knowledge, skills and attitudes. As staff are increasingly over-engaged, by taking more weekly class hours and managerial responsibilities, less 'down time' is available to keeping with developments in their fields of specialisation and practice     

论网络环境中高校心理健康教育工作的创新

网络环境以其无限量的信息资源、迅捷的传播方式、即时双向的参与性和突破时空限制的全球性,成为高校师生获取各种知识和信息的重要来源和渠道,成为高等教育发展的一个重要的思想文化高地。它给高校心理健康教育工作带来挑战和发展机遇,创新高校心理健康教育工作已成为一个亟待解决的重大理论课题和现实课题。     

阶层背景对大学生学业成就影响的实证分析

学业成就不单指学习成绩,还包括学业机会本身与工作搜寻结果。基于问卷调查所得数据,在高等教育起点、过程与结果三个时间点动态考察了阶层背景对大学生学业成就的影响。实证结果表明:阶层背景对大学生学业机会获得和工作搜寻结果施加正向影响,对过程学业成就即学习成绩有着负向影响,阶层背景影响大学生学业成就的根本原因在于各社会阶层拥有各类资本的巨大差异。高等教育扩招不能有效阻止阶层差距的扩大,相反,学业成就差异将阶层差异合法化,高等教育成为一种阶层再生产的机制。     

INTERNET环境下高校辅导员思想政治工作探索

分析了在INTERNET环境下高校思想政治辅导员工作面临的挑战和机遇,提出了如何适应INTERNET发展,抢占网络制高点,更好地开展高校学生思想政治工作的一些见解。     

新时期大学生社会实践工作新探

大学生社会实践是高校学生思想政治工作的有效载体和重要环节,但目前还存在较多问题。为进一步解决这些问题,有必要按照"按需设项,据项组团,结合专业,服务就业"的原则,将社会实践与在校大学生的学习、成长、成才、就业等紧密结合起来。     

大学在知识经济时代的地位、功能和使命

知识经济时代的到来给大学带来严峻的挑战和难得的历史机遇。为此，应充分认识大学在知识经济时代所处的地位及其所担负的功能和使命，以发展壮大自己，为振兴民族经济、促进社会发展做出贡献。     

高校管理中辅导员职能探析

新时期高校学生思想政治工作面临新的机遇和挑战.要进一步开创学生工作新局面,就要不断深化教育体制改革,努力改进学生思想政治教育和管理工作的方式方法,充分发挥辅导员在高校教育管理中的重要作用,尤其要注重提高辅导员工作中的创新意识和创新能力.     

网络环境下大学生思想政治教育的机遇和挑战

当今时代是一个数字信息化时代,网络作为这一时代的产物已进入千家万户,形成了一股网络文化,它极大的改变了人们的生活、学习、工作的模式。在这一环境中,大学生思想政治教育面临着全新的机遇和严峻的挑战。本文试图从网络文化和当代大学生心理特征分析出发,进而对机遇和挑战进行具体分析。在此基础上,趋利避害、扬长避短,为切实开展好大学生思想政治教育工作提出相关的应对策略。     

论信息时代高校图书馆员继续教育的创新发展

网络技术和信息技术的迅猛发展和广泛应用使高校图书馆员的继续教育既面临严峻挑战又迎来了宝贵机遇。高校图书馆员继续教育工作开展多年,理论研究趋于完善,教育内容和方式不断更新,然而效果往往不明显。就此问题从继续教育信息知识内容与网络实践能力的统一、专业素养与人文精神的统一、图书馆员继续教育方式与内在效果的统一3个方面,提出了高校图书馆员继续教育工作创新发展的思路:根据时代发展和现实需要不断创新发展,使不同层级、不同发展阶段的专业图书馆员真正掌握所需专业知识和业务技能,使继续教育工作达到预期目的。     

In search of the feeling of ‘belonging’ in higher education: undergraduate students transition into higher education

ABSTRACT

Previous research that evaluated first year students’ transition into university found that the values of ‘being, belonging and becoming’ were important in particular within the first few months and within the first year of university. From our previous work, we reported that three things matter to students: the academic staff they work with, the nature of their academic study and the feeling of belonging. This paper provides a further illumination to our work by reporting on the qualitative data collected in the same study. The study included 530 students from five cohorts over a five-year period. As part of the Student Experience Evaluation instrument, open-ended questions probed students about their early experiences of belonging and transition into university. This original research uses rich data to illuminate the scales and items from previous quantitative data analysis to explore ‘belonging’, triangulated with research from the field. This paper is timely due to increased emphasis placed on learning and teaching with the introduction of the Teaching Excellence Framework. Student satisfaction is not a simplistic measure and this study articulates the complexity of student belonging in Higher Education.     

关于小学教育本科学生推行双导师制的思考

在小学教育本科学生中实施双导师制,主要是根据小教本科的专业特点和社会对小学本科学历教师的要求引入一种“理论与实践相结合”的学习方式,学生在大学四年的学习和生活中,每学期均配备校内和校外指导教师共同指导其学习,并为其提供参与科研和实践工作的机会。校内导师可由学院根据专业特点随机指派,亦可允许师生根据自己的研究方向双向选择,并充分利用本校教育专业博士与硕士研究生资源,参与导师的工作,和班主任、辅导员共同配合指导学生的专业入门、学习计划的涉及和初步的学术研究等方面。校外导师专门负责学生的教育教学技能的训练和培养,并给学生提供各种实践锻炼的机会。不同层次的学生通过共同的导师联系起来,互相学习,合作研究,形成本科生、研究生、教师三者间密不可分的联系。这不仅是对高校智力资源的充分挖掘,而且可以促进学校科研和学术环境建设。     

The Effects of Motivational Styles on Group Work and Discussion-based Seminars

The paper reports the effect of motivational styles on group work and discussion-based teaching in an environmental science course. The students' motivational styles were explored by a questionnaire whose items were written to correspond to four motivational patterns: achiever, curious, conscientious and sociable. A total of 180 university students from an Elementary Teaching Department participated in this study. The results showed that achiever students tended to dislike being involved in group work. On the other hand, curious, social and conscientious students tended to prefer working in groups. Discussion-based teaching appeared to be attractive for almost all students, although they have different motivational styles. The implications of the results for teaching and learning are discussed.     

Creating a ‘third space’ in the context of a university–school partnership: supporting teacher action research and the research preparation of doctoral students

The focus of the Education Works Personalization Project was to facilitate teams of teacher action researchers whose goal was to personalize their teaching with the support of university partners including doctoral students in education. The subsequent apprentice-like research experience within this university–school partnership provided an opportunity to study the ways in which teacher action research could serve as a vehicle for bridging the culture gap between schools and universities. Both the research team experience and the development of the school–university inquiry/knowledge network were initially characterized by undefined roles accompanied by ambiguous expectations. Although the ambiguity proved difficult initially, those who persisted and engaged in new roles ultimately found these emerging inquiry communities generative and valuable. We have come to conceptualize these generative inquiry communities as third spaces and we describe how oppositional categories framed by the cultural differences between schools and universities can work together to generate new knowledge.     

Knowledge of Normal and Pathological Memory Aging in College Students,Social Workers,and Health Care Professionals

The Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire (KMAQ) measures laypersons' knowledge of normal memory changes and pathological memory deficits in adulthood. In Experiment 1, undergraduate and graduate social work students and social work practitioners completed the KMAQ. Social workers and graduate students were more accurate on the pathological than normal memory aging items, but undergraduate students' knowledge did not differ by question type. Experiment 2 was a conceptual replication where the same pattern of outcomes was obtained using a more heterogeneous sample to increase the ecological validity of the findings. Results confirmed that nonmedical and medical staff at an assisted living facility and health care professionals were more accurate on the pathological than normal memory aging items. Community college and university students' accuracy was similar across question type. Implications for research and the design of education programs to increase awareness of normal and pathological memory deficits in late life are considered.     

浅论网络对高校思想政治工作的影响及对策

随着科学技术的迅猛发展，网络已成为高校师生获取知识和信息的重要渠道，成为加强和改进高校思想政要阵地。因此要认真分析网络对高校思想政治工作的负面影响，同时也要抓住网络给思想政治工作带来的良好机遇．要充分抓住网络信息增强高校思想政治工作的工作时代感和号召力，从而拓展思想政治工作的深度和广度，提高网络时代思想政治工作的实效性。     

Predicting freshman persistence and voluntary dropout decisions: A replication

This paper describes the results of a replication of a study testing the predictive validity of a 34-item instrument designed to assess the fundamental constructs of Tinto's model of college student attrition. A design, variables, and analytical procedures virtually identical to those of the original study (done at a large independent university) were used, and this research was conducted at a large public university. The five-factor structure, found in the original study to underlie the 34 items, was replicated almost exactly. As in the earlier work, the Institutional and Goal Commitment Scale was a significant predictor of attendance behavior even after controlling for a variety of students' precollege characteristics. Potential institutional differences in faculty members' influence on retention were identified. A cross-validation classification procedure suggests the five factors are reasonably stable predictors of attrition.An earlier version of this paper was presented to the annual conference of the American Educational Research Association, Boston, April 1980.     

The development of a recycling awareness scale for prospective science teachers

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring prospective science teachers’ awareness of waste recycling. The study was conducted with the participation of 382 prospective teachers attending a university located in northern Turkey. The five-point Likert type scale that was developed contained 82 items relating to prospective science teachers’ awareness of waste recycling. The factor analysis conducted showed that five items had factor loadings below 0.30, and five were cross loading items. Factor analysis was repeated after removing these items. A further 24 items were removed from the list at the end of the factor analysis, and the remaining 48 items were grouped under ten dimensions. The reliability coefficient for the factors extracted varied between 0.717 and 0.805, and the internal reliability coefficient for the whole scale was 0.905.     

Considerations,Costs, and Returns in a Large-Scale Follow-Up Study

Abstract

Seventy-eight reasons for going to college were examined over a 3-year period in terms of popularity, changes in mean importance, and extent of test-retest relationship. There were 520 constant state university students who completed an inventory as freshmen and again as seniors. “Degree necessary for work” was the most popular reason in both surveys. Reasons tended to be ranked lower in importance in retrospect. Most correlations were significant but low (.30 to .50). It was concluded that single items cast in retrospective form seemed generally inadequate as measures of prior motivation for college among individuals, but for a large group of university students vocational and materialistic attitudes were predominant.     

The Diversity of Value Meanings among University Students

The aim of the current study was to tap implicit theories of a set of values selected from Schwartz's value model. The associations to seven value items (helpful, broad‐minded, social justice, unity with nature, authority, ambitious and successful) were examined by a sample of 130 university students from three different fields of study (social science, business and technology). The findings suggest that the value items in Schwartz's value survey have relatively consistent meanings. The results mainly support Schwartz's theory by showing that most of the associations given to the value items could be located on the same value domain to which the item belonged or on the adjacent values. The influence of respondents' own value priorities and professional orientation on the associations was also evident in the results. From the standpoint of Holland's taxonomy of work environments, especially social science students' conceptions of Schwartz's value items are explainable to a large extent by their social interest, but business students do not exclusively represent the enterprising type and preferences to enhance selfish interest.