档案袋评价及其在学科学习中的应用

档案袋评价是应用在当代教学过程中的一种新型的评价方法,是随着基础教育课程改革的不断发展,与新的课程理念相适应的一种评价方法。从档案袋评价的概念、类型两个方面进行归纳梳理,对档案袋评价在英语和语文学科中的应用研究进行总结分析。     

Online reflective writing mechanisms and its effects on self-regulated learning: a case of web-based portfolio assessment system

The purpose of the present study was to design reflective writing mechanisms in a web-based portfolio assessment system and evaluate its effects on self-regulated learning. Participants were two classes of juniors majoring in data processing and taking a course called “Website design” at a vocational high school in Taiwan. One class was randomly selected and assigned as an experimental group (41 students) reflecting on learning processes through a web-based portfolio assessment system, whereas the other class was assigned as a control group (41 students) reflecting on learning processes through a paper-based portfolio. The result revealed that students who were highly satisfied with online reflective writing mechanisms significantly outperformed students who were less satisfied with online reflective writing mechanisms in self-regulated students reflecting on learning processes through a web-based portfolio assessment system significantly outperformed students reflecting on learning processes through a paper-based portfolio in self-regulated learning.     

项目学习的重构与实施策略探析

项目学习以项目为核心,设计有效的项目任务,使学生在真实的情境中主动探索与解决问题。它作为一种新型的学习模式,可以有效解决技能学习与职业素养相脱钩的难题,给实践性课程的学习带来了新的活力。     

Assessors’ approaches to portfolio assessment in Assessment of Prior Learning procedures

In an effort to gain better understanding of the assessment of prior informal and non‐formal learning, this article explores assessors’ approaches to portfolio assessment. Through this portfolio assessment, candidates had requested exemptions from specific courses within an educational programme or admission to the programme based on their prior learning. The assessors judged the portfolios according to set rating criteria, and subsequently discussed their approaches. Their decision‐making processes, perception of portfolio use in the Assessment of Prior Learning (APL), deciding factors in portfolio assessment and use of the rating criteria were key elements in this discussion. The results show that they do use the rating criteria as an indicator in decision‐making, but have mixed perceptions regarding the fairness of APL portfolio assessment. They perceive the portfolio evidence in combination with sound argumentation as the deciding elements in portfolio assessment.     

Project-based learning as a contributing factor to graduates’ work readiness

This paper explores what work readiness means for two cohorts of graduate engineers, one from a traditional curriculum, the second from a largely project-based curriculum. Professional bodies and employers have defined a set of attributes for engineering graduates so that graduates will be ‘work ready’. Problem-based learning (PBL) is claimed to be a suitable approach to develop such skills. The graduates were interviewed some months after starting work, along with their managers. All the graduates recognised the benefits of taking PBL subjects as well as vacation work, with success in communication attributed more to PBL. Both cohorts had similar learning outcomes, high skill levels in project management, problem solving, communication skills, research and sustainability. A skills gap in ethics was identified for both cohorts of graduates and their managers. Further work is planned to link skill development with undergraduate learning experience.     

成长记录袋在特殊儿童学习评价中的应用

成长记录袋是一种新兴的质性评价方式,具有质性描述、目的明确、主体参与等特点,在特殊儿童学习评价中有其独特优势,可以作为特殊儿童学习评价的重要形式之一在实践中加以应用。创建与使用成长记录袋要遵循一些基本程序与要求,包括明确目的、确定内容、鼓励特殊儿童参与、确定评分办法、交流与使用。     

不确定环境下供应商风险评价的区间证据推理

应用区间证据推理,对一类具有模糊不确定性指标的供应商进行风险评价。首先建立供应商二级结构的指标评价体系,利用区间值表示指标,避免单一值描述指标的不准确性。利用区间证据推理对各级指标依次进行递归融合,得到供应商的效用值并依此进行风险评价。实例表明该方法是一种在不确定环境下,对供应商进行风险评价的有效方法。     

发展性课程评价的现状反思与体系建构——以甘肃省一所农村中学研究性学习课程评价为例

构建立足于学生人格发展、教师专业提升的发展性课程评价体系,是促使学校课程改革走向深入的重心。基于对甘肃省农村普通高中研究性学习课程评价的现状反思,对发展性课程评价体系构建的实践探索进行思考,提出以人格和谐发展为核心理念构建发展性课程评价体系的实施策略,包括以课程培养目标为主要依据,确立灵活动态的评价内容和科学合理的评价标准;以评价程序的规范性和可操作性为根本,设计科学合理的评价工具;以学生行为表现评价、成长记录袋等方式,搜集和分析反映学生学习情况的数据和证据;从每个学生所关注的问题、兴趣出发,真正体现评价的激励和导向功能等。由此建构的发展性课程评价实施框架,有助于研究性学习的有效开展,并进而促进学生的学习和发展。     

The relationship between students’ perceptions of portfolio assessment practice and their approaches to learning

This study focuses on students’ learning approaches in the context of a competency‐based program on Applied Sciences, with portfolio assessment as its core mode of assessment. The study examines students’ perceptions of these assessment practices and the relationships to their learning approaches. Additionally, differences in perceptions and learning approaches between first‐year students and second‐year students, who already have one year of experience with the portfolio assessment practice, are investigated. A total of 110 students completed two questionnaires at the end of the academic year: the Revised SPQ (Study process questionnaire) was used to measure their approaches to learning and the AEQ (Assessment experience questionnaire) was used to measure their perceptions of the assessment practice. The results indicate that, when implementing portfolio assessment, feedback is essential. Moreover, it seems not to be the assessment design, but rather how it is implemented, and how students’ learning is stimulated through the assessment, that influences the quality of learning.     

Portfolios as ‘learning companions’ for children and a means to support and assess language learning in the primary school

This article explores the idea of portfolios as a way to collect evidence of pupils' learning and achievement in their language learning in the primary school. The emphasis is on portfolio work as an active and reflective process to underpin and support learning and to show evidence of achievement and progression. Pupil choice and reflexivity are essential in the process. The process can encourage learners to draw on their learning experiences across the curriculum. Whilst a means of providing evidence of learning, and for showcasing work pupils are proud of, portfolios are seen as central to and embedded in the day-to-day learning and underpinned by the principles of formative assessment. Designed to be used with other modes of assessment including the European Languages Portfolio, portfolios are in essence flexible, inclusive and a dynamic record of learning, achievement and potential for every learner. In this article, the use of portfolios from an early age as a means to promote development and learning and a way of assessing learning are inextricably linked. Teachers working to develop portfolio work, and some of their pupils, add their voices to the discussion of portfolio development towards an enhanced dialogic assessment culture.     

Investigating the use of ‘professional dialogues’ when assessing academic practice: revealing learning,managing process,and enabling judgements

In 2015, over 40% of UK higher education (HE) institutions employed oral assessment when assessing and awarding fellowship on HE Academy-accredited schemes using the UK Professional Standards Framework. This article develops research on assessed ‘professional dialogues’ for this purpose. Data collected at four UK institutions, in which 12 assessed dialogues were recorded, transcribed, and analysed, revealed common patterns and processes. The article discusses how the ‘assessed dialogue’ evolves to expose learning and is managed, in order to support those using dialogue for assessment. It augments the body of knowledge on oral assessment in the UK and internationally.     

Students’ views of assessment in project-led engineering education: findings from a case study in Portugal

According to the demands of the Bologna process, new educational methods and strategies are needed in order to enhance student-centred learning. Project work is one of those approaches. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of project-led education (PLE) on students’ learning processes and outcomes, within the context of a first-year engineering programme. It explores students’ perceptions about assessment procedures and processes. Data collection was based on individual surveys at the end and the beginning of each PLE edition and through focus groups, after a period of six months. Findings are presented according to emerging themes from the data analysis, focusing mainly on students’ perspectives of learning and assessment, the role of formative and summative assessments in PLE and their impact on learning. Implications for improving assessment practices are discussed.     

Assessing graduate attributes for employability in the context of lifelong learning： The holistic approach

To promote economic and personal growth, higher education students＇ employability, ensuring their preparedness for the workforce, is emphasized. From the employer＇s perspective, judging whether a graduate is employable depends upon whether the graduate exhibits the attributes which employers value. Yet, with the growing emphasis on lifelong learning, it is important for higher education to re-consider and reframe the development and assessment of attributes of graduates in the context of lifelong learning. In this paper, these attributes will be explored in that context, and the issue of how assessment helps the development of graduate attributes is to be considered. Student engagement is proposed in this paper as the holistic, useful approach for the development of employability and lifelong learning. The holistic approach reflects the fact that what is required in a workforce is not the acquisition of knowledge, skills and dispositions per se, but the capability to make an engagement through which knowledge, skills and dispositions are connected as a whole. The lack of emphasis on students＇ engagement could lead to mistakenly selecting as important for the focus of assessment simply the acquisition of skills, knowledge or dispositions, rather than the holistic connection of these to their application in the workforce.     

Does student engagement in self-assessment calibrate their judgement over time?

One of the implicit aims of higher education is to enable students to become better judges of their own work. This paper examines whether students who voluntarily engage in self-assessment improve in their capacity to make those judgements. The study utilises data from a web-based marking system that provides students with the opportunity to assess themselves on each criterion for each assessment task throughout a programme of study. Student marks were compared with those from tutors to plot changes over time. The findings suggest that overall students’ judgements do converge with those of tutors, but that there is considerable variation across achievement levels, with weaker students showing little improvement. Whilst the study is limited by the exigencies of voluntary participation and thus consequential gaps in the data set, it shows how judgement over time can be demonstrated and points to the potential for more systematic interventions to improve students’ judgements. It also illustrates the use of the web-based marking and feedback software (ReView) that has considerable utility in aiding self-assessment research.     

The role of the Extended Project Qualification in developing self-regulated learners: exploring students’ and teachers’ experiences

Abstract

Self-regulated learning (SRL) – autonomously planning, self-monitoring and self-reflecting on learning – is a strong predictor of academic success. Mastery of the strategies needed to become a self-regulated learner does not develop automatically in all students; thus, the classroom environment, including pedagogy and modes of assessment, plays a vital role in stimulating SRL. Indeed, the post-16 curriculum in England is often criticised for failing to promote SRL. The Extended Project Qualification (EPQ), however, is a post-16 project-based qualification that has drawn from SRL theories. Research indicates that the EPQ can bolster A-level and degree attainment, yet, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unknown. This article reports on a qualitative investigation using focus groups and interviews to explore students’ and teachers’ experiences of the EPQ and its effects on general academic performance. The qualification was seen to promote SRL by building learner agency and self-awareness, and improving engagement. We argue that the EPQ offers solutions for many of the perceived deficits of the English post-16 curriculum and that the decline of the AS-level in England represents an opportunity for learners to fill the ‘fourth space’ with qualifications like the EPQ, which could empower them to pursue a broad and diverse education.     

电子学档在高校自主招生中的应用与实施

在分析电子学档和高校自主招生相关研究应用的基础上,详细阐述了电子学档在高校自主招生中应用的可行性与必要性。为促进电子学档在高校自主招生中的应用,进一步论述了其实施的基本过程及需要注意的问题,以期对我国时下开展的高校自主招生政策合理化发展有所裨益。     

真实性评价中的项目教学——以中央民族大学研究生英语教学为例

研究生英语项目教学法包括项目教学的特点、实施的具体步骤、评价方式及学生的反馈。实践证明项目教学可以有效地调动学生内在的学习动力、培养团队精神,使学生在完成真实任务的过程中学习外语。