“935实验”概况

主要介绍《初中数学差生转化教育实验》研究课题的基本情况,包括实验设计、理论假说、差生界定、分类转化和实验效果等．     

实验设计与结果预期例析

实验设计和结果预期是高三生物学探究性实验教学过程中重点训练内容之一。结果预期是依据实验设计的原理或提出的假说进行推理 ,得出假定性的结论。它既可以是某个较具体的推断 ,也可以是多种结果的答案 ,多种结果实际只有一个是正确的 ,这就要进一步通过实验去验证。例 1:鼠妇     

教育实验及其在职业教育中的运用

教育实验在我国普通教育领域得到了广泛应用,普通教育中实验研究过程可以归纳为六个基本环节:确定实验课题、提出科学假说、完成实验设计、实施实验方案、处理实验结果和撰写实验报告。在职业教育中运用教育实验法可提高职业教育研究的科学性,并为职业能力的测量与评定提供依据。     

例谈设计实验步骤中的误解

<正> "具有对一些生物学问题进行初步探究的能力"是高考考试说明中对考生实验能力的要求之一。合理地设置实验步骤,并且用规范化的语言文字描述出来是解答实验设计题的关键。本文结合学生在答题时经常出现的误解,谈谈实验设计题中设计实验步骤的合理性。     

初探中学化学实验设计

一、化学实验设计的意义化学实验设计在教学中具有十分重要的意义。首先,它能激发学生的化学学习兴趣。学生根据自己所学的化学知识,独立地或在教师指导下,设计出各种实验方案,成功地解决化学实验问题,从而产生成功的喜悦,大大激发学习热情,成为进一步学习的强劲动力;其次,设计化学实验需要学生灵活地、创造性地运用所学的基础知识和基本技能,因而可以培养他们解决化学实验问题的能力和创造能力;再者,进行化学实验设计还需要学生掌握各种科学方法(如实验测定、实验条件的控制、假说等),以及严肃认真、一丝不苟和敢于创新的精神,因而有利于对…     

“比较过氧化氢在不同条件下的分解”实验改进

通过对实验装置的改进,弥补教材原有实验的不足：实验者因无法同时在两个实验组添加催化剂而造成的实验误差;开放式的实验装置设计,使得卫生香燃烧产生的烟雾和猪肝研磨液的气味四处飘散。同时,在实验内容上进行拓展优化：提供多个反应结果检测装置供学生选择,提升学生分析问题、解决问题的能力;以假说演绎法设计实验表格,引领学生依次完成3个有梯度的实验设计任务,强化学生对实验设计基础知识的学习;提供数字化信息系统实验室设备,进行定量检测。     

“原子结构发现史”中科学要素剖析及教学反思

科学要素是科学发现过程中必然涉及的因素,其中包括观察、假说、实验、理论等。以“原子结构发现史”为例,原子结构的确立历经理论探讨、实验探究、模型确立三个阶段,体现了观察是建构与检验假说的基础;假说是解释、预测现象以及指导实验的依据;实验是获取现象以及检验假说的手段。教师应当返还属于学生的时间,培养学生的观察能力;关注学生的“错念”,培养学生提出假说的能力;引导学生思考实验的价值,培养学生的实验设计能力。     

“质量守恒定律”教学设计

应用探究教学法进行＂质量守恒定律验证＂的教学。通过改进实验、补充实验,使＂质量守恒定律＂的实验验证更完整、更有说服力。实验设计由简到难,演示实验和分组实验有机结合,使学生体验＂如何用实验的方法验证假说、检验理论＂。合理安排交流讨论,逐步引导学生学会观察实验、分析实验。     

浅谈突破生物实验设计题的关键

<正>生物实验题能很好地考查学生的理解能力、分析问题的能力、实验探究的能力以及语言表达的能力,是考查学生能力的重要题型。然而,从近几年的高考情况来看,学生解答实验设计题并不轻松,且失分率较高。经过深刻的反思与实践,笔者找到了引导学生突破生物实验设计题的三个关键:领会一种思想方法、区分两种实验类型、做好三项处理措施。1领会一种思想方法"一种思想方法"是指"假说—演绎"法,是现代科学研究中常用的方法,是新课改下生物教学的一项     

化学探究性演示实验的设计与实践

1 化学探究性演示实验设计原则 1．1探究性原则 探究性原则是指所设计的探究性演示实验中所包含的化学规律往往隐藏在较深的层次,需要学生去挖掘;实验的条件和结果之间往往存在着较大的距离,需要学生跨越;解决问题的方法与途径往往不太明确,需要学生通过尝试错误,提出假说并验证假设来寻找。     

基于深度学习的电子病历实体标准化

电子病历中同一医疗概念的提及形式具有多样性,阻碍了医疗数据的分析和利用,研究电子病历实体标准化具有现实意义。设计并实现了基于深度学习的电子病历实体标准化算法,使用Siamese网络架构和LSTM网络搭建模型,采用Pairwise方法训练模型,在测试集上与传统基于编辑距离的方法进行比较。对手术实体标准化的实验结果显示,深度学习算法正确率达到79.71%,比传统方法提高了17.4个百分点,表明深度学习算法在电子病历实体标准化方面具有有效性。     

The objectification of the right-angled triangle in the teaching of the Pythagorean Theorem: an empirical investigation

In this paper, we present the design and the results of a teaching experiment carried out to investigate the hypothesis that it is feasible to facilitate the students’ possibility for experiencing the reactivation of the objectification of the right-angled triangle. For this purpose, a teaching design of the Pythagorean Theorem was developed and taught to an experimental class of 14-year old students. The results of our teaching were compared with a control class with the employment of a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative and qualitative analyses supported our hypothesis that the students of the experimental class would develop qualitatively different understandings of the theorem than the control class, thus suggesting their possibility for experiencing the reactivation of the objectification of the right-angled triangle.     

新时期实验教学规范化管理研究

结合我院的具体情况，应用流程管理的思想，从规范化管理入手，对实验教学管理进行了分析研究，规范了实验教学秩序，使实验教学工作走上规范化、制度化、科学化的轨道。     

高校毕业设计存在的问题及对策

毕业设计是高校教学工作中最主要的实践教学环节,是高校教育教学质量的综合反映。加强毕业设计工作的管理,规范毕业设计的程序,有利于促进高校教育教学质量的提高。     

Young adolescents' metacognition and domain knowledge as predictors of hypothesis‐development performance in a computer‐supported context

Recently, the importance of ill‐structured problem‐solving in real‐world contexts has become a focus of educational research. Particularly, the hypothesis‐development process has been examined as one of the keys to developing a high‐quality solution in a problem context. The authors of this study examined predictive relations between young adolescents' metacognition, prior domain knowledge, and hypothesis‐development performance in a computer‐supported environment. Data were collected from 11‐ and 12‐year‐old Korean students (N = 101). A hypothesised model in predicting hypothesis‐development performance was evaluated using structural equation modelling. Both metacognition and prior domain knowledge significantly predicted young adolescents' hypothesis‐development performance. Implications and limitations of the present study and issues, including the experimental design, are discussed.     

THE EFFECTS OF IMMEDIATE FEEDBACK ON RETENTION IN AN ACADEMIC SETTING

The present study was to determine the effects of immediate feedback on retention. The sample included 186 students enrolled in eight sections of an introductory psychology course. Four sections were randomly assigned to the experiment group, and four were designated the control group. Experimental treatment was accomplished through the use of a self‐scoring test‐answer sheet. A quasi‐experimental, nonequivalent control group research design was used to allow testing of a null hypothesis. Analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in retention rates between the experimental and control groups.     

Principal component analysis and cluster analysis based orbit optimization for earth observation satellites

This paper proposes a design optimization method for the multi-objective orbit design of earth observation satellites, for which the optimality of orbit performance indices with different units, such as: total coverage time, the frequency of coverage, average time per coverage and maximum coverage gap, etc. is required simultaneously. By introducing index normalization method to convert performance indices into dimensionless variables within the range of [0, 1], a design optimization method based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis is proposed, which consists of index normalization method, principal component analysis, multiple-level cluster analysis and weighted evaluation method. The results of orbit optimization for earth observation satellites show that the optimal orbit can be obtained by using the proposed method. The principal component analysis can reduce the total number of indices with a non-independent relationship to save computing time. Similarly, the multiple-level cluster analysis with parallel computing could save computing time.     

The Use Of The Method Of Runs For Testing The Randomness Of The Order Of Examination Items

The hypothesis that narrative text structure would be more interesting than expository text structure, and would therefore motivate more learning, was tested using an experimental design. Five classes of secondary school students read a history textbook chapter written in conventional expository style, and another five classes read a narrative version in which the same subject matter was embedded in a story involving fictional characters. All students also received instruction from their teachers. Contrary to prediction, the two groups did not differ significantly on the achievement posttest. Both groups also had similarly positive attitudes toward the text version they read, although in a face-to-face comparison the majority of the students preferred the narrative version. Recommendations for further tests of the hypothesis are offered.     

The role of intuition in the solving of optimization problems

This article presents the partial results obtained in the first stage of the research, which sought to answer the following questions: (a) What is the role of intuition in university students' solutions to optimization problems? (b) What is the role of rigor in university students' solutions to optimization problems? (c) How is the combination of intuition and rigor expressed in university students' solutions to optimization problems? (d) Is there really an optimizing intuition? In the first part, we provide reasons that make it plausible to consider intuition as a vector (metaphorically speaking) with three components: idealization, generalization, and argumentation. In the second part, we present the experimental design of the research and analyze the data to answer the questions previously asked. The experimental design does not allow us to falsify the hypothesis that some students have an optimizing intuition.     

表达式符号的大小归一化方法

符号的大小归一化是数学表达式识别的一种很常见的预处理方法，它对于提高符号的识别率具有重要的意义。本文对表达式符号的大小归一化方法进行了研究。通过比较两种归一化算法的性能，说明在表达式符号的归一化中需要将两种算法结合起来才能满足不同的情况。另外，对于特殊的符号，如长根号需要进行裁剪等归一化预处理，才能获得更好的效果。理论分析和实践证明，本文提出的算法是很有效的，也可作为其他模式识别问题的预处理方法。