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1.
The hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and the high levels of liver and kidney thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) observed
in rats which were fed ethanol for 45 days, could be significantly reduced by feeding diacetodibutyl disulphide (DADBDS).
Ethanol-induced hypoproteinemia and the rise in serum enzymes like AST (EC 2.6.1.10), ALT (EC 2.6.1.2) and ALP (EC 3.1.3.1)
could also be ameliorated by DADBDS. Feeding of this compound to normal rats did not produce any change in serum or tissue
lipid levels or serum enzymes or tissue TBARS except a moderate reduction in serum triacyl glycerols. DADBDS feeding to rats
maintained on a high lipid diet could also reduce the serum and tissue lipid levels and also reduce the serum transaminases.
DADBDS which is an aliphatic disulphide could produce hypolipidemic effects in rats fed a single large dose of ethanol, whereas
dimenthol disulphide which is an aromatic disulphide was not useful as a hypolipidemic agent. Perhaps hypolipidemic effects
are shown only by aliphatic disulphides and not by aromatic disulphides. Feeding of 100 mg DADBDS per kg body weight to normal
fasted rats produced a mild hypoglycemia, but higher doses produced a hyperglycemic effect. This dose of DADBDS increased
the serum insulin levels and reduced blood glucose levels in fasted diabetic rats, but DADBDS feeding did not alter the serum
insulin levels in fasted normal rats. DADBDS is odourless and tasteless in 1% solution and it could be a better substitute
for garlic for hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic studies. 相似文献
2.
Eshrat Halim M. A. Hussain Kaiser Jamil Mala Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(2):190-194
Effect of oral administration of 200 mg/Kg body weight of the aqueous extract ofOcimum sanctum (Tulsi) mixed with diet for eight weeks to diabetic (streptozotocin induced) rats was studied. There was significant reduction
in fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation products, (LPO) and improvement in glucose tolerance. The
aqueous extract also decreased LPO formation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS) and increased antioxidant enzymes
superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione transferase (GT) and one antioxidant
reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma and rat liver, lung, kidney and brain. The decrease in TBARS and increase in GSH, SOD,
CAT, GPX, and GT clearly shows the antioxidant property ofOcimum sanctum. 相似文献
3.
Gbenga Adebola Adenuga Olusegun Lateef Adebayo Bukunola Oluyemisi Adegbesan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):29-32
The response of liver lipid peroxidative and antioxidant defense system of protein undernourished rats to liver regeneration
induced by partial hepatectomy was examined in rats. Animals were divided into four groups; A,B,C and D of four animals each.
Animals in group A were maintained on 16% casein diet while those in groups B, C and D were placed on low-protein diet (5%
casein) for fourteen weeks and fed ad libitum. 72 hours before sacrifice, partial hepatectomy was carried out on animals in
group D while animals in group C were sham-operated. The results show that protein undernutrition induced an increase in lipid
peroxidation but reduced catalase activity, glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity when compared with well-nourished
rats. Liver regeneration however, resulted in significant increases in lipid peroxidation and catalase activity but significant
reductions in glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity in protein undernutrition rats when compared with their
sham-operated counterparts. These results suggest that liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy exacerbates lipid
peroxidation in protein undernutrition rats and that Catalase plays a major role in the mopping up of reactive oxygen species
generated following liver regeneration in partially hepatectomised protein undernutrition rats. 相似文献
4.
5.
K. A. Faseehuddin Shakir Basavaraj Madhusudhan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):129-131
Antioxidant property of flaxseed chutney was evident by decreasing lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and predictor enzyme γ-glutamyl
transpeptidase profile and micronuclei formation in azoxymethane treated rats. After 10 weeks, rats fed with either fiber-free
basal diet or Antioxidant diet exhibited over sevenfold increase in γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and nearly fourfold
increase in micronuclei load in comparison to controls (p<0.001). A significant reduction in both γ-glutamyl transpeptidase
level (52%) and micronuclei formation (47%) was observed in fiber-free basal diet/Antioxidant diet/flaxseed chutney diet fed
rats. Relative to rats fed fiber-free basal diet, the profile of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and micronuclei load was not significantly
altered. 相似文献
6.
Surekha Bhat Guruprasad Rao K. Dilip Murthy P. Gopalakrishna Bhat 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(4):430-432
Miniature replicas modeled after the Great Pyramid of Giza are believed to concentrate geoelectromagnetic energy within their
cavities and hence act as antistressors in humans and animals. Although there are not many reports of adverse effects of ‘overexposure’
in the pyramid, subjects have claimed to feel uneasy after certain duration of staying in the pyramid. The present study was
aimed to analyze the effects of prolonged pyramid exposure on plasma cortisol level, markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant
defense in erythrocytes of adult female Wistar rats. Rats were divided into three groups, normal controls (NC, n=6) that were
maintained under standard laboratory conditions in their home cages, pyramid exposed group-2 (PE-2, n=6) & pyramid exposed
group-4 (PE-4, n=6) where the rats were housed under the pyramid for 6 hours/day for 2 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. Plasma
cortisol and erythrocyte TBARS levels were significantly lower in both PE-2 and PE-4 rats and erythrocyte GSH levels and GSH-Px
activity were significantly higher in them as compared to the NC rats. There was no significant difference in the results
for these parameters between the PE-2 and PE-4 rats except for erythrocyte GSH-Px activity which was significantly more in
the PE-2 rats than in the PE-4 rats. Although these results don’t confirm any adverse effects of prolonged exposure in pyramids,
they indicate a possibility of such adverse effects. 相似文献
7.
Aarti Sankhla P. N. Mathur A. K. Sankhla P. K. Dashora 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(2):155-158
In a four weeks study, Aesculus hippocasteneum, a known homeo herbal slimming agent was administered at a dose of 3 drops/100
ml water to adult Wistar rats fed on Hypercholesterolemia inducing diet (HID). It successfully inhibited the rise in serum
total cholesterol (TC) and simultaneously raised serum HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). It was also effective in reducing serum triglyceride
level (TG), whereas it failed to affect serum phospholipid (PL), liver cholesterol, liver weight and body weight of the experiment
animals. 相似文献
8.
Mahalingam Gayathri Krishnan Kannabiran 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):394-400
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic and ameliorative potential of aqueous extract of Ficus bengalensis
bark in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of F. bengalensis bark
on blood glucose, serum electrolytes, serum glycolytic enzymes, liver microsomal protein, hepatic cytochrome P-450 dependent
monooxygenase enzymes and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats was studied. Oral
administration of Ficus bengalensis to fed, fasted and glucose loaded diabetic rats significantly [F > 0.05 (ANOVA) and P<
0.05 (DMRT)] decreased the blood glucose level at 5 hrs and restored the levels of serum electrolytes, glycolytic enzymes
and hepatic cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme systems and decreased the formation of liver and kidney lipid peroxides at the
end of 12 weeks. Further, the aqueous extract of Ficus bengalensis at a dose of 500mg/kg/day exhibits significant antidiabetic
and ameliorative activity as evidenced by histological studies in normal and Ficus bengalensis treated streptozotocin induced
diabetic rats. On the basis of our findings, it could be used as an antidiabetic and ameliorative agent for better management
of diabetes mellitus. 相似文献
9.
An experimental model of hypercholesterolemic rabbits suitable for studying the hypocholesterolemic effect of compounds was
developed. Rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic by oral administration of cholesterol (100mg/kg body weight/day) suspended
in groud nut oil by gastric intubation (Ryle's tube). Cholesterol can be given to rabbits from 10 days to 6 months depending
on the degree of hypercholesterolemia required and duration of study of hypocholesterolemic effect. In one month cholesterol
feeding experiment, the serum cholesterol level in normal controls (not given cholesterol) was 67±11.3 mg/dl and in cholesterol
fed animals 191.3±70.6 mg/dl. In 2 months experiment, besides hypercholesterolemia, abnormal serum lipid profile and increase
in lipid content in liver, heart and aorta were also seen. To such animals when water and methanol extracts of garlic were
given along with cholesterol, there was significant decrease in serum cholesterol level. The advantage of this method over
the method in which cholesterol is mixed with diet to induce hypercholesterolemia is that exactly same and calculated amount
of cholesterol can be given for each animal. This minimises the variations in serum cholesterol levels in different animals. 相似文献
10.
In this study antioxidant activity of methanol extract of rhizomes ofCurculigo orchioides (MEC) was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated rat liver as the experimental model. The hepatotoxic rats were administered MEC for 90 days (daily, orally at
the dose of 70 mg per kg body weight). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in CCl4-intoxicated rats was evidenced by a marked increment in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and
diene conjugates (CD), and also a distinct diminution in glutathione (GSH) content in the liver. In CCl4+MEC—treated rats these biochemical parameters attained an almost normal level. The decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes,
such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GRD) in CCl4—intoxicated rats, and its retrieval towards near normalcy in CCl4+MEC—administered rats revealed the efficacy of MEC in combating oxidative stress due to hepatic damage. Elevated level of
glutathione transferase(GTS) observed in hepatotoxic rats too showed signs of retuming towards normalcy in MEC co-administered
animals, thus corroborating the antioxidant efficacy of MEC. The findings provide a rationale for further studies on isolation
of active principles and its pharmacological evaluation. 相似文献
11.
Subir Kumar Das Sowmya Varadhan L. Dhanya Sukhes Mukherjee D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):341-344
After administration, ethanol and its metabolites go through the kidneys and are excreted into urine. The kidney seems to
be the only vital organ generally spared in chronic alcoholics. Therefore, we investigated the multiple effects of chronic
ethanol exposure on renal function tests and on oxidative stress related parameters in the kidney. Chronic ethanol (1.6 g
ethanol/ kg body weight/ day) exposure did not show any significant change in relative weight (g/ 100g body weight) of kidneys,
serum calcium level or glutathione s-transferase activity. However, urea and creatinine concentration in serum, and TBARS
level in kidney elevated significantly, while reduced glutathione content and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione
reductase and superoxide dismutase diminished significantly after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure. Catalase activity showed increased
activity after 4 weeks of ethanol exposure and decreased activity after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure. Genesis of renal ultrastructural
abnormalities after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure may be important for the development of functional disturbances. This study
revealed that chronic ethanol exposure for longer duration is associated with deleterious effects in the kidney. 相似文献
12.
Sevil Kurban Idris Mehmetoglu Gulsum Yilmaz 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):44-47
The effects of sunflower oil, olive oil, margarine, soybean oil and butter on cholesterol and triglyceride levels were investigated
in the brain of rats. Rats were fed with a diet containing 15% of the oils for a period of 8 weeks. The rats were then decapitated,
brain samples were removed, homogenized and cholesterol and TG levels were measured. Brain cholesterol and Triglycerides levels
of all animals receiving different oils were significantly higher according to the contol except TG level of animals receiving
margarine. Brain cholesterol levels of the vegetable oils were statistically higher than those receiving saturated oil. Thus,
cholesterol level of the rats fed with olive oil group was significantly higher than that of the other groups but those receiving
sunflower oil group and Triglycerides level of the animals receiving olive oil was significantly higher than that of the other
groups except animal supplemented with soybean oil. Thus, it is concluded that brain lipid levels of rats are differently
effected by various oils and mechanism of which needs to be investigated. 相似文献
13.
Nalini Ganesan Hariprasad Chegu A. N. Chandrasekaran 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):216-222
Adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) is a model widely used to study Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, lipid peroxides
level in spleen and thymus of AIA rats was observed to be significantly high compared to normal rats. A significant decrease
in ascorbic acid (ASA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was also observed in spleen and thymus
of AIA rats compared to normal rats. There was also a steady increase in the circulating immune complex level (CIC) throughout
the experimental period in serum of AIA rats. In the present investigation, it was decided to study the effect of pre and
post treatment with TYPE II collagen on the antioxidant status and the circulating immune complex level in AIA rats. The results
from the present work indicates that the pretreatment with TYPE II collagen was effective in bringing significant changes
on all the parameters studied in AIA rats. The post treatment with TYPE II collagen was effective in bringing significant
changes on the CIC immune complex level and GSH content in the thymus tissue of AIA rats. The present work suggests that the
pre treatment with TYPE II collagen was more effective in suppressing the disease than the post treatment. 相似文献
14.
Rimi Shukla Kiran Anand K. M. Prabhu P. Suryanarayana Murthy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1995,10(1):14-18
The hypocholesterolemic effect of the water extract of the bark ofFicus bengalensis was investigated in 3 groups of rabbits, 5 in each group. Group 1 rabbits served as healthy controls and were fed with groundnut oil 1 ml/kg body wt. (bw) for five weeks. Groups 2 and 3 were made hypercholesterolemic by feeding orally cholesterol suspended in groundnut oil (1 ml/kg bw) at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw/day. Group 2 animals (untreated) continued to get the same amount of cholesterol for another four weeks. Group 3 animals received water extract of the bark (50 mg/kg bw/day) in addition to cholesterol as above. At the end of the 5th week, water extract not only prevented the elevation of serum cholesterol in the treated animals (Group 3) but also brought down its level to 160±14 mg% as compared to untreated animals (Group 2) 290±42 mg%. There was improvement in other parameters of lipid profile namely HDL & LDL+VLDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol. 相似文献
15.
Jerry Joseph Emanuel Dickson M. B. Kadam P. K. Joseph 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1991,6(1):27-29
Rats were fasted for 8 hours and then fed 3 ml of 25% (v/v) ethanol per 100g body weight and subsequently sacrificed 18 hours
later. The levels of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol were significantly raised in serum and liver of alcohol fed rats.
However, when rats were fed on aqucous extract of onions (300 mg per 100g body weight) with 25% ethanol, no rise in serum
and liver lipids was observed. Alcohol fed to the fats with or without onion extract had no effect on serum, AST, ALT and
alkaline phosphatase levels. The increase in serum urea in ethanol-fed rats was not altered in rats fed a mixture of alcohol
and onion extracts. Values of liver MDA was lower in rats fed ethanol with or without onion extract compared to controls.
Onion extract seemed to show a hypolipidemic effect in alcohol fed rats. 相似文献
16.
The effect of sodium pentosan polysulphate (SPP) in calcium oxalate stone forming rats was studied in relation to enzymatic changes in liver. A significant increase in liver glycollate oxidase (GAO) activity was observed in stone forming rats fed sodium glycollate. SPP treatment lowered the enzyme acitivity in both stone formers and 30 days drug treated control rats. Moderate elevation in LDH activity was seen in the calculogenic group and SPP had minimal effect. The lowering of alkaline and acid phosphatase activities in stone formers was normalised with drug administration. Increases in total, Na+, K+-and Ca2+-ATPase levels in the calculogenic rats was lowered considerably with SPP treatment. Inorganic pyrophosphatase and aminotransferases were slightly reduced in glycollate-fed rats. SPP administration further lowered the pyrophosphatase level. The decrease in liver GAO during SPP administration with a consequent reduction in kidney oxalate may prove beneficial in preventing recurrence. 相似文献
17.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate hypolipidemic effect of methanolic extract of Celastrus paniculatus in experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding the animals with high fat
diet. Oral administration of methanolic seed extract (50%) of Celastrus paniculatus at the optimized dose of 65 mg/kg body weight, substantially reduced the plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL
cholesterol in comparison with induced hypercholesterolemic animal group and the results were comparable with the standard
hypocholesterolemic drug and almost similar to the control group. Atherogenic index and liver weight of treated animals also
showed significant decrease compared to the hypercholesterolemic animals. It substantially increased the HDL cholesterol level
as compared to control group. A significant increase in the activities of lipoprotein lipase and plasma LCAT enhanced hepatic
bile acid synthesis and thereby, increased degradation of cholesterol to neutral sterols. Furthermore, the activities of HMG-CoA
reductase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were significantly reduced. Histological studies showed
less cholesterol deposits in the aorta of animals fed with seed extract of C. paniculatus compared to the induced hypercholesterolemic animals not given C. paniculatus supplement. 相似文献
18.
R. Baskar N. Saravanan P. Varalakshmi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1995,10(2):98-102
The influence of Crataeva nurvala bark decoction was studied in calcium oxalate stone forming rats, in relation to oxalate
metabolism in liver. The activities of the major oxalate synthesizing enzymes in liver namely, glycollate oxidase (GAO) and
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased in the calculogenic group. Bark decoction treatment lowered the liver
GAO activity considerably. Transport ATPases (Na+, K+ and Ca2+-ATPases) and alkaline phosphatase were enhanced in rats fed calculi producing diet, while the activities of acid phosphatase,
inorganic pyrophosphatase and aminotransferases were slightly reduced. Bark decoction administration produced a marginal decrease
in Na+, K+-ATPase and increase in aspartate aminotransferase activities, without significantly altering other enzyme activities. The
decrease in liver GAO activity seen during bark decoction treatment, with concomitant decrease in kidney oxalate level, may
prove beneficial as a prophylactic measure in preventing stone recurrence. 相似文献
19.
Dietary spice components ofCurcuma longa andAbroma augusta have been screened for their protective effect against reactive oxygen species induced lipid peroxidation. They have been
found to be efficient antioxidant when administered in combination. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect
of oral administration (300mg/Kg) of the aqueous extract of turmeric whose active ingredient isCurcumin andAbromine powder as a hypoglycemic agent mixed with diet. The effect of this aqueous extract on blood glucose, lipid peroxidation (LPO)
and the antioxidant defense system in rat tissues like liver, lung, kidney and brain was studied for 8 weeks in streptozotocin
induced diabetic rats. The administration of an aqueous extract of turmeric and abromine powder resulted in a significant
reduction in blood glucose and an increase in total haemoglobin. The aqueous extract also resulted in decreased free radical
formation in the tissues studied.
The decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increase in reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and catalase (CAT) clearly showed the antioxidant property of the mixture. It is suggested that these changes initially
counteract the oxidative stress in diabetes however, a gradual decrease in the antioxidative process may be one of the factors
which results in chronic diabetes. These results indicate that the mixture of the two plants have shown antidiabetic activity
and also reduced oxidative stress in diabetes. A combination ofAbroma augusta and Curcuma longa also restored the other general parameters in diabetic animals. The results were statistically analyzed and indicated that
combination of herbal extracts showed better efficacy as compared to individual herbal plant extracts used. 相似文献
20.
Yashika Gupta V. Mallika D. K. Srivastava 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(1):35-45
High plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis. Modified
forms of LDL, especially oxidized LDL play a major role in its pathogenesis. This article gives detailed insight into the
kinetics ofin vitro LDL oxidation by copper at different concentrations in normal and high-risk group subjects. Basal level of oxidatively modified
LDL was significantly higher in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and IHD hyperlipidemic subjects compared to normolipidemic and,
hyperlipidemic control subjects, respectively. Derivatization of amino groups of apo-lipoprotein as monitored by estimating
free amino groups concentration, was significantly higher in high-risk group and established IHD cases. Kinetics of oxidation
was studied with two different concentrations of CuSO4 (2.5 mM and 7.5 mM). thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level increases with time, and up to 95% oxidation was
observed in 8 hr. About 60–65% less free amino groups were observed in native-LDL isolated from IHD patients compared to normal
subjects. Study also showed an increase in two oxidative products studied, 20α-OH-cholesterol and 4-cholesten-3-one with oxidation
time accompanied by corresponding decrease in LDL cholesterol. Increase in oxidative species was more evident in high-risk
group and IHD patient. Basal level of oxidatively modified LDL measured in terms of TBARS was significantly higher in present
study, strongly support that the extent of LDL oxidation monitored as TBARS and FAG level in circulating-LDL could be used
as risk marker for high risk group. 相似文献