个性教育的实质

个性教育与素质教育是统一的，探讨个性教育的实质有利于科学认识素质教育，指导其实践，笔者认为，个性教育的实质是：（1）多样化。它是对“标准化”教育的辩证否定，是当代和未来教育的主要特点之一，通过多样化的教育培养多样化的人才；（2）培养人的良好人性素质。个性教育是培养、强化人的良好个性品质与预防、改造人的不良个性品质交互作用的过程；（3）它是一种教育思想，如尊重人的个性，培养人的个性潜能优势、弘扬个人独特的社会主体性等。     

教育的超越本质及其自由教育的理想

有两种力量在支配着教育的发展,一种是生活实在的力量,它使教育努力去适应它的需要,在这种力量之下,产生了功利主义的教育信仰。另一种是向往美好的力量,它使教育努力离开现实,不断超越自身,并将教育的最高理想指向于自由教育。     

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION TODAY

A bstract .  In this review essay J.J. Chambliss assesses the current state of the field of philosophy of education through analysis of four recent edited compilations: Randall Curren's A Companion to Philosophy of Education ; Nigel Blake, Paul Smeyers, Richard Smith, and Paul Standish's The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Education ; Wilfred Carr's The RoutledgeFalmer Reader in Philosophy of Education ; and Randall Curren's Philosophy of Education: An Anthology . He considers how these books address the question of what constitutes philosophy of education, with specific reference to the approach each takes to two topics: feminism and practical reason. Then, taking as a starting point Carr's insight that a revised history of the philosophy of education could help us better understand the discipline, Chambliss traces the evolution of philosophy of education in the United States from the discipline's origins, dominated by a tension between Empiricism and Idealism; to the "schools of philosophy" approach — that is, applying a set of beliefs derived from a particular philosophical school to education — that prevailed through the mid-twentieth century; to the wide-ranging contemporary work in the field that draws from newer methodologies and philosophical research programs.