基于安娜·卡列尼娜原理的单篇科学论文评价方法研究

[目的/意义]如何更好地使用定性定量相结合的方法评价论文,如何不以传统评价结果呈现论文评价结果,构建科学论文评价体系,并努力实现国家科技评价体制改革是学术界共同关注的科学问题。[方法/过程]采用演绎法和归纳法深度分析安娜·卡列尼娜原理与科学论文评价的关联性,形成基础理论,与专家访谈法相结合确定评价体系,最后利用物理学的文献和元数据为案例进行评价体系的验证和基本指标的分析。[结果/结论]分析得到安娜·卡列尼娜原理提供的系统性思想可以为全方位评价科学论文做基奠,与单篇科学论文评价的4个维度(即内容、学术、应用、社会价值)相结合形成的评价指标体系,包含5个定性指标和16个定量指标。物理学中三篇论文评价结果的显示提供给事后评价进行参考,评价执行者可以从时间角度、与学科发展的差异等维度了解单篇科学论文在其学科的地位,从而避免再次陷入权重、排名、指数等得分形式带来的问题。     

高校领军人才发现与评价——图书馆学科服务实践探索

为融入一线,嵌入过程,拓展学科服务领域,学科馆员深入开展用户研究尤显必要。文章以实证研究的方式,借用SCI对某高校开展学科用户分析,期望发现并评价该校学科领军人才。研究表明,综合运用文献计量学方法和社会网络分析方法,通过构建学科型人才模型和学科团队可视化网络分别揭示高校领军人才的两项评价指标,即学术造诣和团队意识,并综合两项指标评选领军人才,能够简洁、直观地拟定出相关学科领军人才的候选人,展示出学科用户的结构特征。     

社会网络分析在教育领域的应用

目的:了解国内社会网络分析方法在教育领域的应用状况。方法:通过中文献数据的搜集整理,利用Excel统计和UCINET软件工具,从文献和期刊分布、学科和研究方向、研究机构和作者、研究主题和热点问题等方面进行可视化比较分析。结果:以可视化方式呈现了研究文献的年度分布、期刊分布、学科分布等外部特征,及其研究力量、研究主题和研究热点问题的分布状况,并分析了国内应用研究的发展阶段和问题。结论:国内社会网络分析方法在教育领域、研究方向和研究力量都不具有明显的集中性,且分析方法也显得比较单调;研究趋势及方法都值得关注和推广,才能更好地应用社会网络分析方法服务于教育领域。     

基于社会网络分析的企业内部知识传播效率分析

针对企业内部知识的传播效率与效果难以评价与测度的问题,引入社会网络分析的3种分析指标：密度、中心势、小世界分析,从知识传播网络的角度对企业内部知识的传播效率进行分析。介绍社会网络和知识网络的相关概念,提出基于社会网络分析的企业内部知识传播效率分析的步骤,并通过实际案例对3种指标应用于知识传播效率分析的过程和结果进行展示,总结3种指标的应用特点。     

基于社会网络分析的企业隐藏犯罪探测的模糊评价模型

本文给出了一种基于社会网络分析(SNA)方法进行企业中犯罪活动的探测方法,通过建立反映企业内部人员社会活动特征的指标,综合这些指标利用模糊评价模型对所有人员的嫌疑程度进行综合评价,从而将参与犯罪团伙的可能性定量地刻画出来,并利用2012美国大学生数学建模竞赛(ICM)中数据对模型进行了运用及验证。     

社会网络分析法在图情机构内部合著网络的实证研究

本文通过社会网络分析方法,针对图情机构内部学者合著网络从中心性分析、凝聚子群分析和可视化分析3个角度,以武汉大学信息管理学院为例进行实证研究。根据实证结果,找出学院内部核心作者、合著网络子群并对图情机构内部学者合著网络特性进行了概括分析。     

基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价研究

【目的】 针对学术期刊多属性综合评价中指标间相关性较强的问题,提出一种新的基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价模型。【方法】 将学术期刊评价指标视为网络节点,依据节点间相关性构造关系网络矩阵。设计节点中心度和子群凝聚度,度量节点和子群的重要性。基于密度算子综合集成评价信息,计算并且排序学术期刊综合评价值。【结果】 以图书情报类学术期刊为研究对象,实证结果表明该方法能够充分顾及指标间的相关性,得出较为合理的评价结果,是一种切实可行的学术期刊综合评价方法。【结论】 基于社会网络分析和密度算子的学术期刊综合评价模型为科研机构评价学术期刊提供了一种新思路。     

黑龙江大学信息管理学院内部合著网络的实证研究

利用社会网络分析方法,以黑龙江大学信息管理学院作为研究对象,对其内部研究者合著网络进行小世界特性分析、中心性分析、凝聚子群分析和可视化分析,并分析其特性和现状。     

图情博客评价实证研究

作者以图书情报圈子里的32个博客为例,选取博文数、总访问数、热度值、程度中心度、中介中心度等指标,使用Ucinet软件进行社会网络分析,并采用SPSS进行聚类分析,以实证评价图书情报博客的情况。这是运用社会网络分析的一些指标和传统的一些指标评价博客绩效。未来还可从内容、利用等多方面,采用人工评价与自动评价相结合的方式进行综合评价。     

江苏省企业信息化与工业化融合影响因素及实证研究

从信息化与工业化融合内涵的角度出发,揭示企业两化融合的关键领域。在借鉴Sambamurthy和Zmud模型基础上结合Barua模型,构建企业两化融合的关键要素模型以及评价指标。运用定量分析的方法,在对评价指标进行主成分分析基础上,得出江苏省制造业两化融合的重点影响因素;利用社会网络分析方法,分析影响因素之间的关系,指出企业信息化与工业化融合中存在的问题,提出两者融合的相应对策建议。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.