基于属性层次模型(AHM)的云南地震灾害评估

基于程乾生先生于1997年提出的属性层次模型(AHM),从震源、震级、地震时间,以及地震灾区地形地势、建筑物防震性能、人口密度等多个方面,根据云南从2001年到2015年地震数据来对云南地震所造成的灾害进行评估.结果表明,在分析实际情况时,属性层次模型(AHM)的方法正确,灾害评估符合实际情况,可以运用到实际中.     

属性层次模型AHM在评价教师综合素质中的应用

教师的综合素质高低,直接影响着高职院校的发展。如何评价教师的综合素质,是各高职院校正在考虑的问题。本文通过属性层次模型(Attribute Hierachical Model:AHM)原理,根据专家对高职院校教师的综合素质的评判结果,建立了AHM矩阵,并计算出了相应的权重,给出了教师综合素质的评判等级标准。     

基于平衡计分卡和AHM方法的电信企业绩效评价

按照平衡计分卡的财务、客户、内部业务流程和学习与成长四维要求,构建了由主营业务利润率等15个指标组成的评价指标体系与评价模型,运用属性层次模型（Attribute Hierarchical Model,AHM）与Delphi方法相结合对评价模型进行了求解,并对电信营业厅业绩进行了实证分析与评价.分析结果表明：属性层次模型与Delphi方法相结合在电信企业业绩评价中有较好的适用性.     

属性层次模型在决策中的应用

层次分析法(Analytic Hierachy Process:AHP)方法是通过对定量与定性问题进行分析,从而作出决策。而属性层次模型(Attribute Hierachical Model:AHM)方法是在AHP方法的基础上建立的,具有简单,使用方便的优点。针对一个实际问题,利用属性层次模型方法进行分析得到了与使用AHP方法相同的结论。     

浅谈托幼机构过程质量的几个问题

一、托幼机构过程质量的内涵 在教育领域里讨论的＂质量＂,是指实体的客观属性,实体的客观属性是指实体是否满足主体需要的特性。因此,质量又不可能是价值中立的,它是实体的价值属性。由此可以说,教育质量作为教育实体的客观属性,必须以满足主体需要为目的,是实体客观特性和主体需要的统一。     

简论艺术美

艺术美是人类的主要审美对象,它存在于艺术作品之中.艺术美的来源有四:一是现实中美的属性;二是现实中丑的属性;三是现实中不美不丑的属性;四是现实中亦美亦丑的属性.艺术美是艺术家对生活的审美观点、审美情感和审美理想与现实的美、丑、不美不丑、亦美亦丑特性在艺术形象中的结合,是艺术家创意的物化形态.它的本质,与其它美的形态一样,也是人的具有积极社会意义的内在精神的感性显现.     

关于人生价值的几个问题

“价值”范畴具有广泛的意义,它不只是经济学的范畴,也是一个哲学、伦理学、社会学的范畴。“价值”是外界物满足社会人的需要的一种关系,是能满足人们某种需要的属性。价值是一个关系的范畴,关系必须是双方的。外界物自身的属性成为社会人需要的价值对象,而社会人的需要则成为外界物自身属性的价值认可。这样,二之间的联系就构成价值。     

角的概念的理解与角的计算

理解角的概念要抓住它的两个本质属性:(1)有公共端点,(2)由两条射线组成.两者缺一不可.如图1中满足属性(2)但不满足属性(1);如图2中满足属性(1),但不满足属性(2),因此它们都不是角.     

角的概念的理解与角的计算

<正>理解角的概念要抓住它的两个本质属性:(1)有公共端点,(2)由两条射线组成.两者缺一不可.如图1中满足属性(2)但不满足属性(1);如图2中满足属性(1),但不满足属性(2),因此它们都不是角.     

新闻价值浅论

新闻价值是新闻学的一个基本概念,是取舍新闻、报道新闻的基本原则.它包括时新性、重要性、显著性、接近性、趣味性等五条标准.它的本质是标志主客体之间相互作用的一种关系,是客体的新闻属性能够满足主体需要的有用性.它的实现是主体(记者、编辑、受众)和客体(新闻属性)的互相作用的转化.     

网上测评系统模型的研究与实现

传统的纸质测评方法对在职人员的测评有失公允。为此,提出了较为科学和公正的网上测评方法,即以AHM方法建立测评模型,并使网上测评系统得以实现。实例表明,基于AHM方法的网上测评较之以前的测评方法更加科学、公正和快捷。     

The Attribute Hierarchy Method for Cognitive Assessment: A Variation on Tatsuoka's Rule-Space Approach

A cognitive item response theory model called the attribute hierarchy method (AHM) is introduced and illustrated. This method represents a variation of Tatsuoka's rule-space approach. The AHM is designed explicitly to link cognitive theory and psychometric practice to facilitate the development and analyses of educational and psychological tests. The following are described: cognitive properties of the AHM; psychometric properties of the AHM, as well as a demonstration of how the AHM differs from Tatsuoka's rule-space approach; and application of the AHM to the domain of syllogistic reasoning to illustrate how this approach can be used to evaluate the cognitive competencies required in a higher-level thinking task. Future directions for research are also outlined.     

Using the Attribute Hierarchy Method to Identify and Interpret Cognitive Skills that Produce Group Differences

The purpose of this study is to describe how the attribute hierarchy method (AHM) can be used to evaluate differential group performance at the cognitive attribute level. The AHM is a psychometric method for classifying examinees' test item responses into a set of attribute-mastery patterns associated with different components in a cognitive model of task performance. Attribute probabilities, computed using a neural network, can be estimated on each attribute for each examinee thereby providing specific information about the examinee's attribute-mastery level. These probabilities can also be compared across groups. We describe a four-step procedure for estimating and interpreting group differences using the AHM. We also provide an example using student response data from a sample of algebra items on the SAT to illustrate our pattern recognition approach for studying group differences .     

Reliability and Attribute-Based Scoring in Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment

The attribute hierarchy method (AHM) is a psychometric procedure for classifying examinees' test item responses into a set of structured attribute patterns associated with different components from a cognitive model of task performance. Results from an AHM analysis yield information on examinees' cognitive strengths and weaknesses. Hence, the AHM can be used for cognitive diagnostic assessment. The purpose of this study is to introduce and evaluate a new concept for assessing attribute reliability using the ratio of true score variance to observed score variance on items that probe specific cognitive attributes. This reliability procedure is evaluated and illustrated using both simulated data and student response data from a sample of algebra items taken from the March 2005 administration of the SAT. The reliability of diagnostic scores and the implications for practice are also discussed.     

AHM方法在新建铁路线路选择与评价及辅助决策系统中的应用

新建铁路线路走向是新建铁路开工前必须解决的问题。为了获得合理的新建铁路走向,构建了由工程投资、预期客流、环境保护和工程条件四个指标组成的评价体系,运用AHM方法进行了评价。在新建铁路线路走向选择建模基础上,开发基于Delphi新建铁路线路走向选择辅助系统,进而通过实例的运行来论证系统的正确性和实用性。     

Using the Attribute Hierarchy Method to Make Diagnostic Inferences about Examinees’ Cognitive Skills in Critical Reading

The purpose of this study is to apply the attribute hierarchy method (AHM) to a subset of SAT critical reading items and illustrate how the method can be used to promote cognitive diagnostic inferences. The AHM is a psychometric procedure for classifying examinees’ test item responses into a set of attribute mastery patterns associated with different components from a cognitive model. The study was conducted in two steps. In step 1, three cognitive models were developed by reviewing selected literature in reading comprehension as well as research related to SAT Critical Reading. Then, the cognitive models were validated by having a sample of students think aloud as they solved each item. In step 2, psychometric analyses were conducted on the SAT critical reading cognitive models by evaluating the model‐data fit between the expected and observed response patterns produced from two random samples of 2,000 examinees who wrote the items. The model that provided best data‐model fit was then used to calculate attribute probabilities for 15 examinees to illustrate our diagnostic testing procedure.     

基于AHM的房地产投资风险分析

在构建房地产投资风险评价模型的基础上,运用AHM方法对我国房地产投资风险因素综合重要度进行评价,得出目前影响我国房地产投资的主要风险及次要风险,对于规避投资风险具有重要作用。     

连锁零售超市服务质量的评价研究

连锁零售超市的服务质量评价是目前研究的热点,建立科学、合理的服务质量评价体系,可全面客观地揭示用户对连锁零售超市服务质量的评价。结合连锁零售超市管理的实际情况,建立由5个评价要素和25个评价指标组成的连锁零售超市服务质量评价体系,并采用AHM确定各指标权重,运用改进的TOPSIS方法进行评价,从而可为超市管理者提高和改进服务质量提供参考借鉴。