The impact of transactive memory system and interaction platform in collaborative knowledge construction on social presence and self-regulation

The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of transactive memory system (TMS) and interaction platforms in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) on social presence perceptions and self-regulation skills of learners. Within the scope of the study, social presence perceptions and self-regulation skills of students in collaborative groups constructing knowledge in wiki, blog, podcast and Facebook platforms in CSCL processes were compared. The study is designed as a pretest and post-test control group study and was carried out with 97 university students. Social presence and self-regulation scales were administered as pretest in the study. At the end of process, social presence, self-regulation, transactive memory scales and semi-structured student opinion forms were administered as post-test. When the findings were examined, it was seen that interaction platforms and the TMS level of the group did not have a significant impact on social presence perception individually; yet common impact of these two variables was significant. When the impact of interaction platforms and the TMS on self-regulation skills was examined, it was found that whilst interaction platforms had a significant impact, the TMS alone and interaction platforms–TMS common impact were not significant.     

Investigating the relationship between transactive memory and performance in collaborative learning

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between the three dimensions of transactive memory (coordination, credibility, and specialization) and performance of collaborating students. A total of 113 students, distributed into groups of two or three, participated in the study. They were required to complete a series of learning tasks during the semester and to write a joint report for each task to be evaluated by their instructors. Afterwards, they were asked to fill out a questionnaire including self-report measures of transactive memory. The results showed a well-established positive relationship between transactive memory and performance based essentially on coordination; also, performance improved linearly as members developed specializations within groups. Implications for future research in collaborative learning are discussed.     

SIP协议在CSCL系统中的应用探究

计算机支持的协作学习（Computer Supported Collaborative Lemming,CSCL）,作为远程教育领域的一种新型的分布式学习模式,一直受到国内外研究者的关注．随着协作学习的深入开展,人们对CSCL系统的灵活性提出了更高的要求．本文将SIP协议引入到计算机支持的协作学习领壤利用其在会话方面具有的灵活、方便、易扩展的橙睦,设计并构建了一个基于SIP协议的QCL系统．     

话语分析-研究CSCL中协作意义建构的新方法

计算机支持的协作学习(CSCL)中学习者主要是通过对话来进行意义建构的,意义体现在话语之中。因此话语成为研发和分析协作意义建构的焦点。在过去的二十年中,研究话语正在成为研究社会情境下学习的一个重要的理论视角,因此通过研究话语来研究网络教育成为该领域的一个新的研究路径。文章在探讨了话语的概念和特点的基础上,阐述了话语分析的发展历程和理论基础。结合CSCL中协作意义建构的特点,提出了适合运用话语分析方法研究问题的要素、原则和方法,最后提出了运用话语分析可以研究的CSCL问题及其意义。     

Design Elements for a CSCL Environment in a Teacher Training Programme

In the design of a Telematic Learning Environment (TLE) in which student teachers learn collaboratively, we consider three clusters of design elements as important: the Telematic Work Environment, the guidance of the instructor and the task instruction. We will have a look at the way group and task behaviour, triggered by these design elements influence the collaborative outcomes. Experiments have revealed that the technical environment is not as important as we had expected beforehand. This research shows that the task instruction (pre-imposed structure, role taking and intrinsic motivation for the task) and the group process itself have far more impact on the online collaborative work of the student teachers.     

CSCL下创建护理学实验中心的探索与实践

护理学是一门实践性很强的学科,具有直观性和规范性强的特点,实验中心建设也具有其独特性。CSCL(Computer Support for Collaborative Learning,计算机支持的协同学习)的目标是为学生的自主学习、交流互动学习提供支持,这样将CSCL引入到护理实验教学示范中心建设中来,既可以满足学生个性化学习、模拟学习和协作学习的需求,又能实现实验室教学资源共享,对学生提高护理课程理论知识的理解和掌握及实践创新能力的培养都起着非常重要的作用。     

基于Ontology的CSCL交互分析系统模型初探

计算机支持的协作学习（CSCL）是近几年研究的热点,为了评价CSCL过程是否有效,需要分析协作学习交互过程.但是对教师或者学习过程的设计者来说,由于缺乏描述交互过程的词汇和模型,因此分析协作学习中的交互是比较困难的.由此,笔者基于学习理论建立了一个描述交互过程词汇和模型的Ontology,并在这个Ontology的基础上,提出了一个交互分析系统模型,帮助CSCL的设计者评估这个学习过程.     

协作学习交互分析工具及其案例研究

在CSCL领域中,对协作学习过程中的交互进行分析和评价是研究的重点和关键.本文首先回顾了评价协作学习过程的不同方法和相关的支持工具,并指出了这些工具的不足之处.随后,文章结合领域本体、自然语言处理和关联规则挖掘技术,设计并开发了一个兼具智能化和可视化的功能完备的整合性工具VINCA.文章最后以案例展示了该工具如何在协作学习中,有效支持研究者分析交互文本和理解协作学习的过程.     

The construction and validation of a usability evaluation survey for mobile learning environments

The advent of mobile technologies in learning context, has been increased the requirements for developing appropriate usability model to align with mobile learning applications. Even though mobile learning has been studied from different aspects of pedagogy environment and technology acceptance, there is little scientific and published research on usability of mobile learning applications. To fill up the gap, in this study, a usability evaluation model with the inclusion of timeliness is developed to assess the usability of mobile learning applications. Timeliness or response time as an important feature in mobile learning, which influences learning satisfaction, can be considered to evaluate the peers and instructors’ timely response. The main objective of this study is to construct and validate a usability evaluation survey for mobile learning environments. This study employed a two round Delphi method to empirically verify the usability questionnaire by obtaining a consensus from fourteen experts regarding the questionnaire items. Results indicate that over 88% of experts have consented on all usability items represented in the usability questionnaire. The usability evaluation survey for mobile learning applications can help to improve user satisfaction and reductions in training costs. The decrease in costs attracts many researchers, interface designers and project managers to employ the usability evaluation when designing the interfaces for mobile learning applications.     

CSCL中促进协作知识建构的策略

计算机支持的协作学习（CSCL）是近年来教育技术和学习科学研究的热点,协作知识建构是CSCL的主要学习方式和学习目标,如何支持和促进协作知识建构是教育研究者和实践者关注的焦点问题之一。在社会建构主义和对话学习理论基础上建立的基于对话的教学设计和基于研究与实践的协作学习过程模型可以作为一种系统的教学模式,引入到CSCL学习环境中来支持协作知识建构。网络环境下协作学习困难和问题调查,以及CSCL课程实践证明：旨在提高学生对话能力,促进学生不同类型对话产生和发展,培养学生批判性思维能力的促进协作知识建构的教学设计和实施策略是有效的,学生在协作学习中能掌握并运用这些策略来促进协作学习。实现知识建构的目标。     

CSCL评价技术的新趋势

CSCL评价方法、CSCL评价辅助工具、CSCL评价指标体系是CSCL评价技术的重要组成部分.我们对这三部分的研究现状进行了调研和分析,总结出了CSCL评价技术的三个主要研究趋势:CSCL结果评价的逐渐高效化、CSCL交互分析理论成型和交互分析过程自动化、CSCL评价指标体系标准化.     

施工项目成本控制对策的层次分析

采用层次分析法(AHP)对成本控制对策进行全面分析，并通过建立施工项目成本控制体系模型和对其进行一致性检验，总结出各种成本控制措施的重要权值，得出降低成本和科学排序的措施参数。     

Formative peer assessment in a CSCL environment: a case study

In this case study our aim was to gain more insight in the possibilities of qualitative formative peer assessment in a computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) environment. An approach was chosen in which peer assessment was operationalized in assessment assignments and assessment tools that were embedded in the course material. The course concerned a higher education case‐based virtual seminar, in which students were asked to conduct research and write a report in small multidisciplinary teams. The assessment assignments contained the discussion of assessment criteria, the assessment of a group report of a fellow group and writing an assessment report. A list of feedback rules was one of the assessment tools. A qualitative oriented study was conducted, focusing on the attitude of students towards peer assessment and practical use of peer assessment assignments and tools. Results showed that students’ attitude towards peer assessment was positive and that assessment assignments had added value. However, not all students fulfilled all assessment assignments. Recommendations for implementation of peer assessment in CSCL environments as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.     

高校多学科/多物理场仿真中心建设探讨

从高校在科学研究中的地位和多学科发展的客观需求出发,分析了多学科/多物理场仿真的4个特点,提出高校多学科设计仿真及优化中心的4项建设原则,并依此提出3种典型的硬件建设的架构方法以及各自优缺点分析,并提供目前通用的多学科/多物理场的软件建设内容。     

Working memory for sign language: a window into the architecture of the working memory system

Traditionally, working memory has been divided into two major domains: verbal and visuo-spatial. The verbal domain of working memory can be characterized either by its relationship to language or by its grounding in auditory processing. Because of this ambiguity, languages that are not auditory and vocal (i.e., signed languages) pose a challenge to this conception of working memory. We describe several experiments with deaf users of American Sign Language (ASL) that explore the extent to which the architecture of working memory is determined by the constraints of auditory and visual processing and the extent to which it is determined by the characteristics of language. Various working memory effects were investigated: phonological similarity, word length, and articulatory suppression. The pattern of evidence strongly supports the existence of a sign-based 'rehearsal loop' mechanism parallel to the speech-based rehearsal loop. However, we also discuss evidence pointing to differences between the speech loop and the sign loop from forward and backward digit span tasks with deaf and hearing subjects. Despite their similarities based on linguistic properties, the speech loop and the sign loop appear to diverge due to the differing processing demands of audition and vision. Overall, the results suggest that the architecture of working memory is shaped both by the properties of language structure and by the constraints imposed by sensorimotor modality.     

Connecting discourses: intertextuality in a primary school CSCL practice

This article investigates the multimodal discourses taking place in a primary school computer supported collaborative literacy environment, in which face-to-face talk in pairs is combined with computer-mediated communication. Following a socially mediated model of education, we have taken into account the collaborative process of the participants over time, the privileging processes, in relation to the discourse, afforded by the tasks and tools, and the classroom culture. We describe the contextualized nature of the interaction of children in a CSCL learning environment, by focusing on the intertextual connections that were made between different discourses. This paper highlights, in particular, the intertextual connections between written texts, face-to-face discourse and classroom culture.     

空间微重力环境地面气动模拟系统设计

本论文提出了在地面采用气动方式模拟空间微重力环境下实验系统方案,该实验系统用于验证空间机器人的捕获性能。本验证系统由模拟目标星实验模型、气浮平台、双目视觉系统、通讯系统、电机系统,传感器系统、信号调理系统六个子系统组成。本论文首先阐述了系统各个子系统的设计方案,其次讨论了基于层次递减式控制系统结构,最后重点研究了模拟目标星在垂直地面方向上的漂浮运动控制算法,仿真和实验结果验证了该控制算法是有效的。     

基于多科型大学工业设计实践教学体系研究

指出实践教学在工业设计专业教育中的重要地位与作用,提出了工业设计实践教学体系的设计原则和框架,以及与之配套的软硬件建设的内容等,探讨了在多科型大学开放创新的工业设计专业实践教学体系架构的搭建及相关教育、教学实践,为工业设计实践教学的开展提供了可操作的形式与方法.