脐橙皮果胶的提取工艺研究

采用酸提醇沉技术,探索了从脐橙皮中提取果胶的工艺流程,考查提取温度、提取液酸度、提取时间及加水量等因素对从脐橙皮中提取果胶效果的影响,并通过L16（44）进行正交实验设计,确定了脐橙皮果胶的最佳提取条件为：温度为90℃,pH值为3.5,时间为30min,料液比为1∶6,此时,提取的果胶得率为5.8%,所提取果胶具有较好的凝胶特性,凝胶强度为350Pa.S左右。     

脐橙汁在冷藏中的品质变化研究

研究了脐橙汁在8℃冷藏中pH值、糖度和荧光性质的变化规律.结果表明:脐橙汁随冷藏时间的延长,pH值、糖度和荧光强度均呈现出先略有增大后逐渐降低的变化规律.对研究脐橙汁的保鲜与加工有一定指导意义.     

采后热处理对蒙自石榴贮藏品质的影响

该篇探讨了热水处理对石榴采后常温贮藏期间主要生理和品质变化的影响.石榴经过38℃、45℃、50℃,5min、10min、15min处理,结果表明,38℃,15min热水处理可有效提高好果率,降低失重率,较好的抑制石榴采后呼吸强度、质膜相对透性,降低过氧化物酶(POD)活性,提高苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性.实验证明热处理能有效减缓石榴品质的下降,延缓石榴采后衰老速度,有利于延长贮藏期限和保持石榴原有的风味品质.     

热水锅炉控制系统的DCS设计

结合新疆昌吉热力中心46MW热水锅炉的燃烧控制改造工程,采用浙大中控SUPCONJX-300XDCS控制系统,对锅炉出水温度进行控制,并使用SCKEY组态软件实现控制过程,解决了原有系统中外界气温变化与锅炉燃烧实时调节的矛盾,实现了供水温度与温度设定值的实时跟踪,其静差平均值为0．71℃,达到按需供热的目的。     

增塑剂PEG对聚乳酸／苎麻纤维复合材料结晶能力的影响

以聚乙二醇（PEG）为聚乳酸／苎麻纤维复合材料的增塑剂。研究不同分子量、不同组成的聚乙二醇对聚乳酸及其复合材料结晶性能的影响。结果表明,在3种不同分子量（分别为1000、2000、6000）的聚乙二醇中,PEG2000影响苎麻纤雏对聚乳酸结晶成核活性最为显著。PLA/PEG2000／15wt%RF复合材料的结晶速率是纯聚乳酸的2倍．X射线衍射（WAXD）显示,复合材料以30℃／min快速降温时仍然是结晶态,而纯聚乳酸以10℃／min速度降温时则是非晶态。     

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Municipal Solid Waste

Based on a systemic survey, the pyrolysis characteristics and apparent kinetics of the municipal solid waste （ MSW） under different conditions were researched using a special pyrolysis reactor, which could overcome the disadvantage of thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The thermal decomposition behaviour of MSW was investigated using thermo-gravimetric （ TG ） analysis at rates of 4.8,6.6,8.4, 12.0 and 13. 2 K/min. The pyrolysis characteristics of MSW were also studied in different function districts. The pyrolysis of MSW is a complex reaction process and three main stages are found according to the results. The first stage represents the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, with the maximum degradation rate occuring at 150℃ -200 ℃： the second stage represents dehydrochlorination and depolymerization of intermediate products and the differential thermogravimetric （ DTG ） curves have shoulder peaks at about 300℃： the third stage is the decomposition of the residual big molecular organic substance and lignin at 400 ℃- 600 ℃. Within the range of given experimental conditions, the results of non-linear fitting algorithm and experiment are in agreement with each other and the correlation coefficients are over0. 99. The kinetic characteristics are concerned with the material component and heating rate. The activation energy of reaction decreases with the increase of heating rate.     

Fe-40Ni-Ti合金连续加热过程中晶粒长大规律研究

借助一种新型的Fe-40Ni-Ti合金,观察了在连续加热过程中的晶粒长大过程,结果表明：合金组织由多边形奥氏体组成,在整个加热温度范围内没有发生相变,只是晶粒尺寸逐渐长大.在1 160℃以下时晶粒长大平稳,达到1 200℃时晶粒异常长大,晶粒长大过程与其TiN颗粒回溶密切相关.同时,利用回归方法得到了反映连续加热过程中晶粒长大趋势的数学模型.     

论战后国民政府的"美债"与"美援"

抗战胜利后，美国和国民政府为了各自的需要紧紧地结合在一起。国民政府从美国得到了大量的“美债”和“美援”，“美援”成为当时国民政府的财政支柱之一；而美国通过这种援助加强了对国民政府的全面控制。但所有这些“美债”和“美援”，却无法挽救国民政府政治、经济和军事的崩溃。     

微波辅助苯偶姻合成反应优化

研究了微波辅助加热下合成苯偶姻．通过设计正交实验,研究了微波功率、微波时间、反应体系温度和催化剂VB1用量对收率的影响．实验结果表明：催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、功率对收率的影响依次降低,最佳反应条件是,催化剂用量为1．5g,反应体系温度为80℃,反应时间25min,微波功率为900W,平均收率为85．5％．产品熔点与标准样相符,其IR谱与标准谱图一致．     

响应面法优化脐橙渣中类黄酮的提取工艺

为优化在超声波辅助条件下脐橙渣中类黄酮的提取条件,在单因素试验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面法,研究乙醇浓度、液料比、提取温度对类黄酮得率的影响,建立了各因子与类黄酮得率关系的回归方程.试验结果表明最佳提取条件为:乙醇浓度64%、液料比26 mL/g、提取温度70℃.此条件下类黄酮的得率为3.59%,与预测值3.67%接近.     

孝感麻糖系列产品开发的探讨

孝感麻糖是孝感地方的传统特产,为适应人们生活水平的提高和对健康食品的需求,必须对传统产品进行开发。文章提出在不改变孝感麻糖传统工艺的前提下,在原料中添加核桃、甜杏仁等保健食品,并详尽地介绍了其材料选取、工艺过程及质量控制。     

One-trial simultaneous and backward excitatory fear conditioning in rats: Lick suppression, freezing, and rearing to CS compounds and their elements

Three experiments with rat subjects sought to enhance one-trial excitatory simultaneous and backward fear conditioning by using a two-element compound conditioned stimulus (CS) instead of only a single element. During conditioning, experimental groups received a 4-sec CS either coextensively with a 1-mA grid-shock unconditioned stimulus (US) or immediately after US termination. In subsequent tests, CSs evoked more lick suppression and freezing in these groups than in various controls. Compound CSs evoked more lick suppression and freezing than did CS elements, but did so equally for experimental and control groups. Therefore, the use of compounds did not enhance conditioning. Unexpectedly, an explicitly unpaired control in which CS followed US termination by 3 min tended to show more CS-evoked suppression and freezing than did a control in which CS preceded US onset by 3 min. This result raises the possibility that associations between the CS and the training context might engender responding to backward-paired CSs.     

Preparation of Nano-Particles （ Pb, La）TiO3 Thin Films by Liquid Source Misted Chemical Deposition

Nano-particles lanthanum-modified lead titanate (PLT) thin films are grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by liquid source misted chemical deposition (LSMCD). PLT films are deposited for 4-8 times, and thenannealed at various temperature. XRD and SEM show that the prepared films have good crystallization behavior and perovskite structure. The crystallite is about 60nm. The deposition speed is 3nm/min. This deposition method can exactly control stoichiometry ratios, doping concentration ratio and thickness of PLT thin films. The best annealing process is to bake at 300℃ for 10min and anneal at 600℃ for 1h.     

Study on the comprehensive combustion kinetics of MSW

The combustion behavior of typical components of MSW was examined with a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The experiments were done over the temperature range of room temperature to 1000℃ at a heating rate of 10 oC/min and in an oxidizing atmosphere. The results indicated that the entire weight loss process of each typical component of MSW consists of one to three distinct combustion stages. The combustion of typical components of MSW could be modeled by one to three independent reactions. The corresponding parameters of typical components of MSW such as activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and reaction order were determined. The calculated results using the comprehensive kinetic model composed of one to three independent and consecutive reactions, agreed well with experimental results.     

金银花中挥发性成分的GC／MS分析及其指纹图谱的建立

研究了金银花挥发油的提取方法及其GC／MS的分析方法,通过气相色谱一质谱联用技术（GC—MS）分析了金银花挥发油的主要化学成分及其相对含量．建立了金银花的GC／MS指纹图谱,并利用该指纹图谱比较了两个不同产地金银花的质量情况．气相色谱／质谱法的实验条件是：毛细管柱为Rtx（30m×0．25mm×0．25μm）;进样口温度为250℃;程序升温为60℃至150℃（5℃／min）,150℃至250℃（8℃／min）;60℃以后停3min,150℃以后停8min,250℃以后停5min,E1源温度200℃,离子源接口温度250℃．结果表明,金银花挥发油的提取率随地区的不同而不同,采用GC／MS法控制药材的指纹图谱,该方法重现性好、准确度高,可用于金银花的质量评价．     

核桃嫁接苗快速繁育技术

核桃嫁接苗的快速繁育,采用日光温室、培育砧木苗、硬枝嫁接、定植、覆膜,实现当年出圃技术。     

用作珠光颜料基材的片状氧化铝的制备

以十八水合硫酸铝作为铝源,采用熔盐法制备了片状六方形氧化铝晶体．通过激光粒度仪、XRD和光学显微镜等检测手段,系统考察了复合熔盐的用量,磷化剂的用量,钛盐的用量,煅烧过程的升温速率以及添加晶种等对晶体的生长过程的影响．研究结果表明：在熔盐与铝盐的比例为4,磷化剂的用量为1．0％,钛盐的用量为1．O％的情况下,可以制备出具有粒径为12μm的六角片状氧化铝．     

脐橙溃疡病的一类数字图像识别算法的设计与应用

将计算机视觉技术应用于脐橙病害的监测,实现了脐橙溃疡病的自动识别.基于HSV颜色模型,分析了脐橙叶子的色调分布;应用数学形态学算子,获取疑似脐橙溃疡病病斑;再利用脐橙溃疡病病斑图像的纹理特征,进行脐橙溃疡病的确认.实验结果表明,提出的方法能较好地识别出脐橙溃疡病病斑.     

基于RFID技术的赣南脐橙溯源系统的设计

针对赣南脐橙食品安全质量问题,根据赣南脐橙种植、加工包装、销售的特点,研究并设计基于RFID技术的赣南脐橙全产业链食品溯源系统,以实现对赣南脐橙全方位的信息管理,有效的保证赣南脐橙的产品质量.     

Learning when school is not in session: a reading summer day‐camp intervention to improve the achievement of exiting First‐Grade students who are economically disadvantaged

During the summer vacation children who are economically disadvantaged experience declines in reading achievement, while middle‐ and high‐income children improve. Previous research has demonstrated that the most widely implemented intervention – sending economically disadvantaged students to summer school – has not led to increases in reading achievement. In this longitudinal randomised trial, a randomly assigned group of exiting First‐Grade children who were economically disadvantaged was enrolled in a seven‐week summer reading day camp. The intervention students' reading achievement was then compared to control group participants at four time points. Results showed noteworthy differences for intervention students in reading comprehension.