The multidisciplinary roots of higher education research: An analysis of citation patterns

Researchers in higher education (HE) are a community of academics with backgrounds and experiences in a variety of scientific disciplines. For this reason, HE research is influenced by other disciplines from which HE researchers take theories, constructs and research methods. This article describes a large-scale analysis of the impact of different scientific fields on HE research. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the influences of psychology, sociology & political science, and economics as the disciplines that have the greatest impact on HE research. To assess this impact, we analyse citation patterns in seven key HE journals. Our empirical analysis confirms that HE research is indeed a multidisciplinary field and experiences a different impact of identified scientific fields for HE articles of different topics. We analyse the dynamics of such an impact and discuss the factors that may cause the growth of multidisciplinarity in HE research.     

高等教育研究与高等教育期刊的作用

本文旨在阐明高等教育期刊在传播高等教育研究成果中所起的作用。首先 ,简要介绍了高等教育研究的现状 ,主要是欧美国家有关高等教育研究的定义、性质的各种观点 ,以及欧美高等教育研究的差异。其次 ,重点介绍了欧洲主要的高等教育期刊以及其他高等教育研究出版物的情况及各自的特点。最后 ,从作者、编者、读者三个不同的角度剖析了高等教育期刊对于传播高等教育研究成果所发挥的作用     

积极开展院校研究,促进民办高校健康发展

我国民办高校近年来得到长足的发展,但由此带来的一些问题也亟待从理论上进行探讨。我国民办高等教育研究应以院校研究为重点,这是民办高校生存和发展的需要,是实现民办高校成功转型的需要,也是民办高校提升质量、办出特色以及加强规范管理、实现管理科学化的需要。为此,应做好“领导认识到位,研究力量到位,研究方法到位”等工作。     

试论高等教育发展研究

作为时代主题的发展和多重视角下的高等教育发展问题,决定了高等教育发展研究具有重要价值。如何建构一个适宜的分析框架,是当前高等教育发展研究亟需解决的问题。基于发展理论、发展理念、发展战略三个关键性支点而建构的高等教育发展研究的分析框架,需要还原高等教育学研究的多学科性,即广泛借鉴多学科的研究方法,批判吸收各种流派的理论成果。     

Theory development and application in higher education research: the case of academic drift

This article examines the case of academic drift, as an example of a theory developed and applied within higher education research. It traces the origins and meaning of the term, reviews its application by higher education researchers, and discusses the issues it raises and the critiques it has attracted. It concludes that academic drift is at the heart of the long-standing liberal/vocational education debate, so is likely to continue to attract attention. The contemporary application of this theoretical framework also illustrates both the tendency for researchers to re-invent similar ideas in different times and places, and to ignore or overlook the work of some researchers whilst acknowledging that of others.     

高等教育国际化对中国高等教育发展的影响

随着经济全球化、信息社会及知识经济的迅猛发展,高等教育国际化成为包括中国在内的许多国家高等教育发展的主要特征和重要趋势。高等教育国际化给中国高等教育的发展带来了良好的机遇,同时也提出了严峻的挑战,需要我们冷静思考并认真面对,以保证中国高等教育事业的健康发展。     

高等教育的学科化研究与多学科研究

中国高等教育研究的认识论中存在着“学科论”与“领域论”的学科属性之争,由此导致高等教育的学科化研究和高等教育的多学科研究两种研究方法。高等教育的学科化研究直指高等教育学学科建设,而高等教育的多学科研究则被高等教育理论和实践证明是行之有效的方法,是目前高等教育研究的主流范式。两种研究方法各有其效用,但缺陷和不足也十分明显。在“学科论”和“领域论”两种观点在未来一段时间内仍将存在的情况下,如何厘清高等教育的学科化研究与多学科研究之间的关系是高等教育研究不断创新的关键所在。     

Positivity bias in higher education research

Many forms of bias have been identified in higher education research, and in educational and social research in general. This article identifies a further form of bias, positivity bias, and places it in this broader context. Positivity bias is the tendency, in some forms of published higher education research, to only or chiefly report examples of initiatives or innovations that worked and received positive evaluations. Empirical evidence of positivity bias, in the form of an analysis of a sample of published articles from selected higher education journals, is presented and discussed. Suggestions as to the causes of positivity bias and how it might be handled are presented.     

Rating and rewarding higher education for sustainable development research within the marketised higher education context: experiences from English universities

This paper explores one key aspect of marketisation in English universities, the quality-related research funding (QR) system, which central government in the United Kingdom uses to allocate funds to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), based on a system of reviewing and rating the ‘quality’ of research at different HEIs. Specifically, it focuses on the experiences of 30 members of academic staff from eight universities across England who were engaged in research and/or scholarly activity in the broad field of Higher Education for Sustainable Development (HESD), during the time leading up to the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) submission period. Interviewees were asked to talk about their experiences of being a HESD researcher/scholar within the context of the QR system and their perceptions of the relationship between the QR system and interdisciplinary, sustainability, pedagogic and HESD research. Findings from the semi-structured interviews and resulting qualitative analysis, reveal a number of obstacles facing HESD researchers which are outlined and explored in the paper. Strategies and rationale for improving the quality, reputation and ultimately, the ‘REF-ability’ of HESD research are discussed, and highlight the complex interface between marketisation and sustainability in higher education.     

试论高校体育课中的探究式教学

高校体育课实施探究式教学,其效果明显优于传统教学法。体育课探究式教学改变了传统教学法统一化和单一化的单向传习模式,其基本教学程序应为:创设情境,提出问题;搜集资料和信息;引出假设,进行实验探究,论证;整合、归纳、迁移、应用。     

略论高等教育中的问题研究

问题是现实存在与认知和理想状态之间的冲突,问题意识的形成是认识主体与外界交互建构的过程。问题研究是指基于问题解决的研究,其过程可分为提出问题、分析问题、提出问题解决方案以及追踪方案实施。增进高等教育问题研究的意识和能力,需要直面对象、确认前提和慎对常识。     

加强我国高等教育政策研究的若干思考

随着高等教育在国家经济和社会发展中地位的日益提高 ,高等教育政策研究的重要性也日显突出。通过加强高等教育政策研究来提升政府在高等教育领域的决策能力 ,是当前高等教育发展中面临的一个十分重要的问题。在此基础上 ,作者提出了加强我国高等教育政策研究的几点建议     

论高等教育研究的特性与学科归属

高等教育研究有无自己的特性问题关涉到高等教育学的学科地位如何.事实上,高等教育研究不仅拥有教育的基本属性,而且具有自己的独特属性,这表现为它在研究目标上具有终极性,在研究过程上具有复合性,在研究课题层次上具有更强的宏观性,在研究行为上具有自组织性,在研究结果呈现方式上具有自明性等特点.这些特性最终决定了高等教育研究的学科归属,即高等教育研究既是社会科学研究,又是应用科学研究,同时还是综合科学研究.     

社会科学方法论与高等教育研究

在自然科学、社会科学与人文科学这种知识分类框架下,教育学的学科地位非常尴尬。从早期的“(自然)科学化”、到后来的“人文化”,再到晚近的“社会科学化”,教育学的学科性质始终变动不居。作为教育学的分支学科,高等教育研究面临同样的困境。本文认为高等教育研究若要从根本上提升自身的学术地位,成为真正意义上独立的学术性学科,积极引入社会科学方法论是极其关键的一步。     

地方高校发展与高等教育政策调整

近年来,我国地方高校在规模迅猛扩张的同时,普遍陷入了多重发展困境之中。从制度变迁的类型和路径依赖两个角度来看,这种困境产生的制度根源有两个:一是以中央政府为主体的激进式强制性制度变迁的局限性,二是对传统高等教育管理模式的路径依赖。今后高等教育政策调整必须遵循两个基本的指导思想:一是弥补激进式强制性制度变迁的局限,二是摆脱对传统高等教育管理方式的路径依赖。     

加强数学教育管理与研究,提高数学教学质量——贵州工业大学数学教育问题初考及对策

通过对我校94级全部本科班数学统考成绩和93级某本科班数学统考试卷的分析,以及对我校数学教育研究现状的调查,提出了一些数学教育管理与研究的建设性意见,以提高数学教学质量。     

走向世界:21世纪中国高等教育研究的选择

2 1世纪 ,中国高教研究只有走向世界 ,才能确立在世界学术界的地位 ,才能为世界高教研究做出更大贡献。以学科改造、方法改造和队伍改造为重点的高教研究科学化改造 ,是中国高教研究走向世界的前提条件 ,高教研究的国际化是中国高教研究走向世界的有效途径。     

多学科研究与高等教育理论的形成和发展

高等教育理论是以其他社会科学学科的理论发展为基础,立足于高等教育实践,站在高等教育学科立场上研究高等教育现象而得以形成和发展的。因此,在高等教育研究过程中,有必要将多学科研究高等教育与运用多学科研究方法论研究高等教育区分开来。只有立足于高等教育实践,才能丰富和发展高等教育理论。     

Working for change in higher education: the possibilities for collaborative research

This paper explores the potential for conducting collaborative and critical research in higher education which problematises the role and practices of the academy in maintaining exclusion. It begins with a brief discussion of UK government discourse on widening participation, and contrasts this with the research literature which indicates the persistence of exclusionary practices in higher education, particularly in relation to social class. It then utilises a retrospective account of a small‐scale participatory research study undertaken between 1996 and 2003 with a group of adult students from working class and minority ethnic backgrounds, to explore the possibilities for research which seeks the collaboration of those who, in other traditions, are constituted as research ‘objects’. The paper discusses some of the lessons from the research process and explores the challenges for academics conducting research within the academy – challenges arising from their social positioning and their location in the academic field, but also from the ‘scholarly gaze’ which they ‘cast upon the social world’. The paper advocates research which shifts the focus from deficit discourses around students, turns a critical and reflexive gaze towards academia and academics, and directs its efforts towards challenging existing power structures within higher education.     

高等教育多学科研究之反思——从学科性视角到方法论视角的转向

我国的高等教育研究具有鲜明的学科指向性,多学科研究方法引入高等教育研究也未改变其学科指向性。近30年的高等教育研究表明,高等教育学学科建设只是在某种程度上完成了学科的外部建制,内部建制还任重道远。其原因主要在于多学科研究的引入还停留在学科性视角层面,方法论视角在高等教育多学科研究中还未受到足够重视。欲达臻学科建设之目的,既要重视多学科研究的学科性视角,更要重视立足高等教育实践,从方法论视角开展高等教育多学科研究,最终实现从学科性视角到方法论视角的转向。