Web2.0信息半衰期影响因素实证研究——以社会书签网站为例

Web2.0信息半衰期测度和影响因素研究是网络信息老化研究的重要内容之一。本文在对国内外网络信息老化研究回顾的基础上,提出Web2.0信息半衰期与网络资源自身属性、网络资源的权威性、受关注度、资源主题领域、更新速度、资源多媒体类型等因素有关。同时本文以美味书签网站为例进行实证研究,得出书签信息的半衰期是557天;五大类域名半衰期长短排序为.com〈.net〈.gov〈.org〈.edu;网页深度增加,半衰期减少;导航型网页比内容型网页半衰期长;半衰期与总收藏数符合幂函数分布。最后指出本项研究的局限性及需要进一步研究的问题。

Abstract：

Research on Web2.0 information half life measurement and its impact factors is one of the important aspects of Internet information ageing research.Based on the review of the research on Internet information ageing at home and abroad,this paper points out that Web2.0 information half life is related with the following factors： Internet resources＇ own attribute,Internet resources＇ authority,popularity,subject area and updating rate,and multimedia types ofresources.Then,taking the Website delicious,com for example,the paper makes an empirical study and comes to the following conclusions： the half life of bookmarks on delicious,com is 557 days;the half life of 5 top-level domains in length order is.com .net .gov .org .edu;the half life decreases with the increase of Webpage depth;the navigation Webpage has a longer half life than the content Webpage;and the half life and the total collection number are in line with the power function distribution.Finally,the paper points out the limitations of the research and the problems which need to be further studied.     

The September 11 Attacks on the US in the New Interactive Media Space in Estonia

This paper examines how Estonians dealt with the news concerning the September 11 attacks in the new electronic communication space of the Internet. This work will summarize people's discussions on the Internet relating to the September 11 attacks by outlining the different narratives that carried people's attitudes and knowledge. The paper aims to show that the Internet was used, not only as a medium for obtaining more information about the attacks, but also as a medium for discussion and crisis support. This research is based on: (1) a survey amongst Tartu University students and follow-up semi-structured interviews; (2) an analysis of the comment pages on Estonian electronic newspapers; and (3) an analysis of three chat logs from Estonian talkers.     

基于信息交互模型的企业Web展示

Web展示是电子商务关注的重要内容之一，网站信息展示的优劣更关系到商家的生死存亡。本文从用户在信息获取过程中与信息系统的信息交互视角出发，提出了构建网站环境信息提升Web展示质量的观点。首先，探讨了电子商务时代企业Web展示的作用及当前存在的问题；其次，论述了网络用户的信息交互过程和模型；最后，提出了构建网站环境信息的理念和方法。     

Key website factors in e-business strategy

The design of a quality website, as part of e-business strategy, has become a key element for success in the online market. This article analyzes the main factors that must be taken into account when designing a commercial website, concentrating on the Aceros de Hispania company and its business model. We have studied the features which determine website quality: accessibility, speed, navigability, content, and we have calculated the Web Assessment Index (WAI) proposed by Miranda and Bañegil [Miranda, F. J., & Bañegil, T. M. (2004). Quantitative evaluation of commercial websites: An empirical study of Spanish firms. International Journal of Information Management, 24(4), 313–328]. The results obtained provide several lessons which should be borne in mind when designing a commercial e-strategy. Firstly, it can be observed that Internet popularity and search engine positioning facilitate entry to practically inaccessible markets. Secondly, the navigability makes users feel comfortable and secure when browsing it, which increases the probability of a transaction being completed. Finally, the information provided on the website must be accurate, informative, updated and relevant to customers’ requirements. Like Aceros de Hispania, any company, thanks to the Internet, will be able to overcome the barriers which would impede its successful worldwide development in the offline market.     

The Persistence of Information Structures in Nordic Countries

This article examines to what extent the Nordic countries, which have been characterized as the world's leading information societies, show similar patterns of Internet use. The data consists of the Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, and Finnish sections of the European Social Survey 2002 ( n = 7539) and 2004 ( n = 7211). The similarities and differences in the Internet use are analyzed using sociodemographic and economic information. Temporal changes in the distribution of use between population groups and between countries are also examined. The findings indicate that there are clear disparities in the Internet use patterns, which have not evened out in the early 21st century.     

Conceptualizing and Measuring the Social Uses of the Internet: The Case of Personal Web Sites

The researchers working on information society measures have recently started to consider how people use the Internet not only as a tool but also as a platform for social relations. As the ultimate objective of information society measures is to provide reliable guidelines for social policy, finding criteria for separating “positive” uses of Internet from “negative” ones is an important task. This article employs the concepts of communicative and strategic action as defined by Habermas for that purpose. A general conceptual typology of three communicative and three strategic social uses of Internet is offered, which can be applied to measure uses of any of the Internet's interactive services. A specific empirical application to social uses of personal web sites demonstrates that the deduced measurement instruments achieve satisfying levels of validity and reliability.     

基于Delphi的网页木马清除工具的设计与实现

网站经常会受到网页木马攻击困扰。由于是文本方式挂接,很多杀毒软件对此只是报告,却无法清除。针对网页木马的特点,利用高效的Delphi开发工具,设计和实现了一个木马清除工具。借此,可以方便地清除此类木马病毒,提高了网站管理员的工作效率。     

埃博拉事件中科技期刊的社会责任

【目的】深入了解埃博拉事件中科技期刊所承担的社会责任。【方法】 对中国知网(CNKI)上发表的所有篇名中含有埃博拉的论文进行统计分析,来源数据库为"中国学术期刊网络出版总库",检索结果使用Microsoft Office 2007 Excel进行整理和统计。检索截止时间为2015年7月15日。【结果】 自1995年至今20年间,共有150种科技期刊发表了579篇有关埃博拉的论文,其中以2014年发表的论文数量最多(259篇),占总发文量的44.7%。发文量与疫情暴发的年份基本吻合。【结论】 从分析结果可见,作为承载着科学传播任务的科技期刊,对此次埃博拉事件高度关注,从多方面、多角度进行了深层次的报道。     

“导航式”科技期刊网站的设计分析

[目的]为建立权威、专业、涵盖范围广泛的科技期刊导航网站提供借鉴和参考。[方法]从作者、读者以及期刊发展的需求分析入手,阐释科技期刊导航网站建设的必要性,借鉴已有的网址导航网站,对学术期刊导航网站的建设内容与方案进行分析与思考。[结果]提出了科技期刊导航网站在初期建设阶段和后期建设阶段所应解决的主要问题,就网站架构、网站版本等方面提出了初步建设方案。[结论]提出了"导航式"科技期刊网站建设的初步构想,可为学术期刊网站的丰富和发展提供启迪和参考。     

The Nature and Functions of Meta-tags: Covert Infringement of Trademarks and Other Issues

Meta-tags are one of the 'associational tools' considered essential to the operation of the World Wide Web. Their significance has been highlighted by recent controversies in the United States which focus on one of their important functions, i.e. as indices of websites which search engines read and rely upon in looking for the appropriate content relative to queries submitted to them. This article deals with the effect of meta-tags on the intellectual property rights of website owners. The author presents a critical survey of the American meta-tag cases and offers an Australian perspective.     

因特网上高校院系Web站点的设计

The World Wide Web,with the increase of tens of thousands of new websites everyday,is undoubtedly the most popular and rapidly developing part of Internet.Information can be obtained through browsing on homepages.Therefore,the quality of homepages is of particular significance. This article, combining with the establishment of the Information Management Department Websites as well as the practical homepage-making experience,provides some common skills and techniques.     

The Internet in Everyday Life,edited by Barry Wellman and Caroline Haythornthwaite,with foreword by Howard Rheingold and preface by Manuel Castells. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002. xxxviii + 586 pp. $29.95 paper. ISBN 0-631-23508-6

To understand the ultimate status of Internet studies, it is necessary to observe from both a holistic and a particularistic perspective. This article examines one small area of research, the Internet in China, to use that case study as a lens with which to discern the development of Internet studies. By comparing this micro view of the parameters, agendas, and research foci of Chinese Internet research to the larger body of Internet research, it draws insights into the present and future of Internet studies more generally.     

互联网思维在学术期刊经营发展中应用的思考

【目的】寻找适合学术期刊市场化改革的思维理念,以促进学术期刊经营发展。【方法】 在挖掘互联网思维本质的基础上,从市场化运作的角度分析如何在学术期刊工作流程中应用互联网思维。【结果】互联网思维的本质是以用户为中心,最大化甚至超额地满足用户的需求,同时将用户所需要承担的成本降到最低直至免费。采用学术期刊市场化运作时,在选题策划、编辑加工、出版传播、增值服务各环节都应该围绕互联网思维的本质及其衍生出来的特征思考解决问题。【结论】互联网思维可以作为学术期刊市场化改革的思维理念,应充分理解互联网思维本质,并将其应用到学术期刊工作的整个流程中,从而促进期刊的经营发展。     

Examining the Effectiveness of Support for UK Wave Energy Innovation since 2000. Lost at Sea or a New Wave of Innovation?

Patients and carers now have unprecedented access to health information via specialist journals and the popular media, while the worldwide web has revolutionised public access to clinical information. Levels of patient demand for information about health have grown and there is evidence to suggest that patients wish to receive more information than is sometimes currently provided by clinicians. In secondary care, some specialisms have more readily adopted the use of information communication technologies (ICT) in clinician/patient communication than others. This paper focuses on clinicians' perceptions of client Internet use for psychiatric conditions and studies the influence this has had on the consultation process in the United Kingdom. The research method consisted of a postal questionnaire distributed to the members of the Women in Psychiatry Group on the register of the Royal College of Psychiatry. Telephone interviews were conducted, employing the critical incident method, as well as a brief additional questionnaire. The data show that psychiatrists who used the Internet discerned client usage more readily. Where the client sought to discuss information acquired electronically with the consultant this tended to extend the consultation period, but a number of psychiatrists reported a greater sense of partnership as a result. The paper explores consultant perceptions of client motivations for Internet use and the perceived advantages and disadvantages for both client and psychiatrist. Overall, the psychiatry profession appears to be following the lead of clients in the use of ICT. Policy recommendations are offered with respect to the provision of profession-validated information on the Internet and psychiatrists' training in IT.     

Differences and similarities in information seeking: children and adults as Web users

This study examined the success and information seeking behaviors of seventh-grade science students and graduate students in information science in using Yahooligans! Web search engine/directory. It investigated these users' cognitive, affective, and physical behaviors as they sought the answer for a fact-finding task. It analyzed and compared the overall patterns of children's and graduate students' Web activities, including searching moves, browsing moves, backtracking moves, looping moves, screen scrolling, target location and deviation moves, and the time they took to complete the task. The authors applied Bilal's Web Traversal Measure to quantify these users' effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of moves they made. Results were based on 14 children's Web sessions and nine graduate students' sessions. Both groups' Web activities were captured online using Lotus ScreenCam, a software package that records and replays online activities in Web browsers. Children's affective states were captured via exit interviews. Graduate students' affective states were extracted from the journal writings they kept during the traversal process. The study findings reveal that 89% of the graduate students found the correct answer to the search task as opposed to 50% of the children. Based on the Measure, graduate students' weighted effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of the Web moves they made were much higher than those of the children. Regardless of success and weighted scores, however, similarities and differences in information seeking were found between the two groups. Yahooligans! poor structure of keyword searching was a major factor that contributed to the “breakdowns” children and graduate students experienced. Unlike children, graduate students were able to recover from “breakdowns” quickly and effectively. Three main factors influenced these users' performance: ability to recover from “breakdowns”, navigational style, and focus on task. Children and graduate students made recommendations for improving Yahooligans! interface design. Implications for Web user training and system design improvements are made.     

Participation,Remediation, Bricolage: Considering Principal Components of a Digital Culture

Within media theory the worldwide shift from a 19th-century print culture via a 20th-century electronic culture to a 21st-century digital culture is well documented. In this essay the emergence of a digital culture as amplified and accelerated by the popularity of networked computers, multiple-user software, and Internet is investigated in terms of its principal components. A digital culture as an underdetermined praxis is conceptualized as consisting of participation, remediation, and bricolage. Using the literature on presumably “typical” Internet phenomena such as the worldwide proliferation of independent media centers (indymedia) linked with (radical) online journalism practices and the popularity of (individual and group) weblogging, the various meanings and implications of this particular understanding of digital culture are explored. In the context of this essay, digital culture can be seen as an emerging set of values, practices, and expectations regarding the way people (should) act and interact within the contemporary network society. This digital culture has emergent properties with roots in both online and offline phenomena, with links to trends and developments predating the World Wide Web, yet having an immediate impact and particularly changing the ways in which we use and give meaning to living in an increasingly interconnected, always on(line) environment.     

Toward a Transdisciplinary Internet Research

Given the expanse of the Internet as a topic for research, the need for transdisciplinary research becomes evident. This paper introduces and expands on the problems of Internet research and how some of those can be resolved by pursuing transdisciplinary research. Issues introduced are the fragmentation of understanding, the disunity of research, and the public reception of that research.     

The Internet and the Demand for News

This paper looks at the demand for Internet news sites before and after September 11. Analyzing information obtained from actual click-stream activity, support is found for the view that the events of September 11 changed the way households used the Internet to obtain information and news. These changes are observed long after September 11.     

Negative outcomes of Internet use: A qualitative analysis in the homes of families with different educational backgrounds

Abstract

This study employs a qualitative approach to examine whether and why some societal groups are disadvantaged more by their Internet use than others do. Due to the quantitative nature of most digital divide studies, thorough explanations for why different outcomes exist are lacking. Interviews were conducted with 48 Dutch families selected on the basis of educational level (high or low) and household characteristics (children and marital status). A distinction was made between the types of negative outcomes that families are confronted with and how they cope with those outcomes. The results show that the confrontation with negative outcomes of Internet use in itself seems similar for both educational groups. However, the way Internet users cope with negative outcomes differs between the two educational groups. Members of highly educated groups mostly try to take control themselves when faced with a negative outcome, while members of less educated groups often just experience negative outcomes and do not remedial actions.