TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON MEDIA POLICY PLANNING

In the media there is a complex interaction between technological change, markets and policy. The policy questions that arise are complex but not insoluble. Who should provide the technological infrastructure? Is economic, social or technical regulation required? If so, what is to be regulated? If technical regulation is required, what are to be the technical standards? We are no longer simply reacting to technological change but are actually planning ahead of change.     

精美的文化艺术

<正>青海是华夏文明的发祥地之一,河湟文化、青海湖文化、昆仑文化、江河源文化、热贡文化和格萨尔文化在这里孕育发展、共生共荣。让我们一一来领略它们的风采吧。藏画之乡——热贡"热贡"汉语的意思是"金色的谷地",这里孕育了灿烂的艺术文化。2006年,被称为"青藏高原上艺术奇葩"的"热贡艺术",被列入国家首批非物质文化遗产保护名录。热贡艺术位于青海省黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河畔的热贡,渊远流长的藏族文化艺术与多民族文化互相渗透,形成了独特的历史文化艺术。     

THE POLITICS OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY IN AUSTRALIA

The high technology debate in Australia since 1981 is analysed using one of the most prominent features of the debate — he political rhetoric and symbols used in the debate. This form of analysis emphasises both instrumental and expressive political activity. The high technology debate is seen as having a significant expressive component and function. Most of the advocacy for high technology came as a result of institutional pressures and efforts of the Minister for Science and Technology, Barry Jones. High technology became a ‘maverick’ term in political debate but it has now become an accepted part of current economic language. The paper draws a number of conclusions for policy from the analysis.     

THE INTERNATIONAL REALPOLITIK OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY

Reasons are considered for growing government intervention in scientific and technological progress, justifications for such interference and variations in the objectives sought by developed nations through their science and technology policies. Many governments of developed countries now place high priority on using science and technology policy to maintain and enhance the international competitiveness of their industries. It is hoped thereby to increase their living standards and reduce unemployment. The belief is widespread that to be effective such policies should be directed towards encouraging selected industries and technologies, as in Japan and Germany. Since Australian policies broadly have not been industry specific and technology specific, they need to be re-assessed in the light of these developments.     

RESEARCH FUNDING IN AUSTRALIA: A VIEW FROM THE NORTH

This paper seeks to contribute to the continuing controversy in Australia on the best way to deploy that country's scientific and technological research and development (R & D) resources. It puts forward and discusses some policy options relating to the ‘restructuring’ of the Australian R&D system currently underway, for the consideration of the research community and those responsible for the research policies. In particular, the paper comments on how overall objectives and priorities for R&D can be set, the need for evaluations of the research and development that is conducted, the need to develop a dialogue between the public and the scientific community over the setting of research and development directions.     

北京后街美术与设计园

用“胡同深处的创意工厂”来形容北京后街美术与设计文化创意产业园,是再恰当不过的。因为它地处繁华的京城中心腹地、京味浓厚的亮果厂胡同内,左眺故宫、紧邻老北京皇城根遗址公同。     

TRADE UNIONS,NEW TECHNOLOGY,AND INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY IN AUSTRALIA

Internationally, two basic strategies have been adopted for the macro-management of the industrial relations issues arising from recent technological change. The first has been one of tripartite consultative planning, whereas the second has allowed ‘market forces’ a free hand in determining the nature of technological change in industry. Since 1983 Australia has begun to shift from the second to the first approach, because of changes in the political and legal climate, and in the strategy of the ACTU and some important unions. Nevertheless, the impact of these changes is gradual.     

环境保护税收政策的国际实践及借鉴

<正>目前世界各国都力求遵循可持续发展的基本思想,实现人与自然、环境的和谐统一,其中环境保护问题是各国面临的共同难题。从上世纪70年代起,西方发达国家采用税收政策保护环境,已取得了明显的效果。学习西方发达国家环境保护税收政策的实践经验,对其在税种的开征、税收收入的使用、税收征管等方面进行研究、总结,对于我国采用税收手段保护环境,注重经济增长质量的提高具有借鉴意义。     

HIGH TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND THE SILICON VALLEY MODEL: AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE

Australia seeks to emerge from the depths of recession and to break free from the syndrome of giving ever-increasing protection to a decaying manufacturing sector, by encouraging high technology industry. Silicon Valley, the home of much of the world's semiconductor industry, is often seen as the appropriate model for the development of such industry. For those used to dealing with the siting and encouragement of conventional industry, it can seem that high technology industry, with no heavy raw material input or bulky product output and requiring no large labour pool or local market, in fact has no special requirements at all. Others look to the Silicon Valley model and plan science or technology parks to reproduce the factors they believe responsible for that phenomenon. For example, great emphasis is generally placed on proximity to universities, apparently in ignorance of the very minor role universities played in the growth of the semiconductor industry, and of the great practical divide between science and technology. Vital factors, such as the ready information flow achieved by high mobility of those in high technology industry, are ignored. The Australian situation is complicated further by competition among the States to attract high technology industry, a competition that tends to emasculate national policy. Yet this situation is really just a local representation of what is happening internationally among countries and among regions within those countries. This desperation to leap blindly into high technology, whatever it is and whatever the cost, by following a model that is scarcely understood, is unlikely to produce the huge rewards so many policy makers anticipate are so readily available.     

青海工业企业财务状况分析及建议

通过对青海省工业企业的财务状况分析,对目前企业存在的资产负债结构不合理、资产运营氏下等特征,提出了若干建议。     

798艺术节 感受当代艺术的创新与变化

金秋时节,北京798艺术区再度迎来自己的盛大节日。从9月18日到10月17日,持续1个月的“2010北京798艺术节”,不仅为艺术家们提供了一个集中展示和交易的舞台,也让中外艺术爱好者感受到中国当代艺术的创新与变化,触碰到时代的发展脉搏。     

THE ADVENT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN CSIRO: A HISTORY OF CHANGE

Australia's major government research agency, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), has recently changed its style of management. This paper traces the development of CSIRO from an institutional research organization to a body taking responsibility for Australia's strategic civilian research, from an organizational perspective. The problems that this change might create in disturbing the organizational balance are outlined. Possible remedies to counter-balance and stabilize the strategic bureaucratic trend are innovative forms of organizational structure, the strengthening of individual incentives to perform applied work, increased exposure of CSIRO scientists to external influences, and improved community involvement in CSIRO's decision-making structure.     

全球气候变化对台风影响的主要评估结论和问题

本文简要介绍了近年来国际台风界(包括IPCC,IWTC及ESCAP/WMO台风委员会)在全球气候变化对台风活动影响方面的最新评估结果,讨论了目前评估工作面临的科学问题和挑战及下一阶段台风气候变化领域的优先研究主题的建议.     

柴达木循环经济试验区借道 “一带一路”转型升级

<正>"一带一路"是中国新一轮开放和走出去的战略重点,国家"一带一路"战略的实施给青海特别是海西经济发展带来了难得的机遇。海西州紧紧围绕青海主动融入"一带一路"战略总体思路,依托柴达木区位优势和循环经济试验区主导产业集群集约发展,结合国家产业政策、产品市场前景、国内工艺技术水平和试验区优势条件,筛选了盐湖化工、新能源、新材料、装备制造、特色生物、文化旅游等方面的89个项     

RHETORIC AND REPRESENTATION IN AUSTRALIAN SCIENCE IN THE 1940s AND 1980s

The title of this paper is not meant to imply comprehensive treatment of developments in Australian science from the 1940s to the 1980s. Its more modest objective is to isolate particular parallels in the debates and rhetoric about science in these two decades. It argues that shifting political and economic contexts condition scientists' preferred strategies of self-legitimation. These shifts may cause major realignments within the scientific power structure. Two such shifts occurred during the 1940s. Coinciding with the outbreak of World War II, the catchcry of ‘science for society’ catalysed unprecedented moves to register science as a key national resource. But the projection of the scientist as social engineer/mediator was not to be realised. With the onset of the Cold War, the scientific community reverted to the defence of autonomy and non-interventionism in scientific organisation. Scientific ‘excellence’ rapidly replaced ‘relevance’ as a justification for government support of science. The appeal to freedom from political interference remains a powerful article of faith within the stratified research hierarchy. Increasingly, however, the rationale of autonomy is out of step with the economic and political climate of the 1980s. Some exploratory observations are made about the legacy of the 1940s in the emerging current political debate about Australia's so-called ‘technological dependence’ and a renewed concern about strategic relationships among science, technology, productivity and national wealth.     

国外如何进行科技创新——政策扶持/投入保障

<正>科技创新对一个国家经济增长的贡献率随着科技水平的提高呈现递增趋势。目前,世界主要国家都在寻找科技创新的突破口,抢占未来经济科技发展的先机,在一些工业发达国家,以科技创新为核心的科技进步对经济增长的贡献率已经达到60%以上。因此,对发展中国家而言,科技创新必须迎头赶上,才能在未来赢得先机。     

国家自然科学基金重大项目“我国主要陆地生态系统对全球变化的响应和适应性样带研究”总结与展望

国家自然科学基金重大项目"我国主要陆地生态系统对全球变化的响应和适应性样带研究"经历5年的研究,在生态系统水碳氮循环过程对全球变化的响应与适应机制、生物多样性与生态系统功能关系对全球变化的响应与适应、中国陆地样带生态系统植被分布格局变化的环境驱动机制、区域生态系统过程功能和结构对全球变化响应和适应的集成分析等方面取得了原创性的成果,完成了项目预定目标。通过项目实施,积累了大量的原始数据,建立了共享数据库;培养了大量的科技人才,形成了具有国际竞争力的研究队伍,提升了国际影响力。在结题验收会上,项目受到了评审专家组的好评,获得了特优的综合评价。     

FRENCH TELEMATICS: HISTORY,POLICY AND PROJECTS

Telematics dates from 1978 when it was used to designate the growing overlap between computers and telecommunications. The initial phase was the provision of an electronic substitute for the telephone directory. The free distribution of Minitels was followed by the Teletel 3 V experiment which gave a test population access to a wide range of services. A special billing system had to be developed. Telematics has been extended to the industrial world and business relations.     

V.布什与美国基础科学政策:"这一切是怎么开始的?"

本文从美国国家科学政策及其历史发展的角度，简要介绍了V．布什作为二战后美国科学政策的制定者和信息时代的预言家的生平事迹。文中也对一些与科学政策和社会发展相关的文献进行了简要的介绍和评价，并对它们在一些方面对中国可能的启示进行了讨论。