AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN AUSTRIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

The slowness with which women were admitted to academic careers in Austria, following the graduation of the first women from an Austrian university in 1897, is evoked. Measures to be taken to bring the number of women in academic positions into equilibrium with the number of men in such positions are evoked in general terms.     

TECHNICAL COMPATIBILITY OF VIDEO RECORDERS IN AUSTRIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

The author describes the swift growth in the number of VTRs installed in Austrian universities and colleges. The range of equipment available is discussed and a possible resolution of the problems of videotape exchange in institutions of higher education is suggested.     

ACADEMIC SUCCESS AS REFLECTED IN AUSTRIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

As a result of the growth in student population, special attention is being given to the effectiveness of teaching at institutions of higher education.

The following article, written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Dr. Sigurd Höllinger from the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, and Research, analyses the above problem in the context of the results of the. Seminar “Studienerfolg als Informations ‐ und Orientierungsproblem ‐ Konsequenzeh der OECD‐Landerpriifung” (Academic Success as Determined by Information and Orientation ‐Results of the OECD's Country Survey) held from 25 to 26 April 1977 in Vienna.     

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION: AN OECD PERSPECTIVE

The article begins with some considerations on internationalization in general: its economic, political, and cultural dimensions. As world trends are favouring increased internationalization in all domains, the tendency is to take it all for granted, asking how rather than why when discussing its ramifications. Considerations with regard to the internationalization of higher education follow, it being made clear that higher education, despite its very high degree of internationalization, has not in fact been a pace setter, even though it has followed the general trend. The remainder of the article introduces a number of OECD projects linked, to a greater or lesser extent, to higher education, the role of Yugoslavia being underlined. The hope is expressed that Yugoslavia will participate in more such projects.     

扩招时期高等教育机会的地区差异研究

本文在较充分的数据采集基础上,通过构建高等教育毛录取率指标,并利用泰尔指教及基尼系数,分析和评价了扩招以来我国高等教育机会的省际差异与地区差异的变化过程。实证结果表明,随着高等教育机会总量的扩大,省际之间总体性不平等程度明显下降,但个别省份之间的两极分化也在加剧。对此,作者从高等教育非均衡发展的综合均衡约束的角度进行了一定的分析和解释,并提出了一些解决区域差异问题的政策建议。     

OECD PROGRAMME ON THE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ENTERS ITS THIRD PHASE

The programme of the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development on the Management of Higher Education Institutions (MHEI) has been in operation for more than nine years. We give below an article on the aims and outcomes of this programme.     

THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

The University Today International Seminar is presented and briefly described. The theme and the sub‐themes of the thirty‐fifth session of this seminar are also presented and linked to the current situation of Yugoslavia. The modus operandi of the sessions is described, and very short summaries of the major presentations and of the published papers are given. The article ends with a summary of the final recommendations of the seminar.     

HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE CONCEPT OF LIFELONG EDUCATION

The following article does not give a complete answer to the above question nor does it define the concept of lifelong education, but it shows the place and the role of lifelong education in the system of education.

The article is based on the first chapter of the study written by James B. Ingram, Director of the B. Ed. Course at Bradford College (the United Kingdom) in collaboration with the Unesco Division of Educational Structures, Contents and Methods and the Unesco Institute for Education in Hamburg.     

THE IMPLICATIONS OF INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION

Studies on intercultural education undertaken by the Council of Europe have highlighted a gap at the level of higher education between transmitted knowledge and the indispensable information needed by individuals living in the pluricultural contexts of contemporary European societies. A task of higher education is to inculcate in teachers an intercultural perspective both for work in schools and for activities in community contexts and perspectives. The intercultural dimension should not simply address itself to a special category of culturally different students, but rather, should address all students so as to sensitize them to the cultural pluralism which surrounds them and to educate them to successfully master it. Certain disciplines have a privileged status with regard to the transmission of useful information for the education of all citizens living in pluricultural societies: history, geography, anthropology, philosophy, psychology, economics, sociology, and law. Several examples of intercultural education programmes offered by higher education institutions are presented in this study (in Portugal, Canada, and France) as well as reference to activities sponsored by the Higher Education and Research Division of the Council of Europe.     

HIGHER EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT: CHANGING CONDITIONS FOR DIVERSIFIED STRUCTURES OF HIGHER EDUCATION

The article begins with an overview of the history of the importance given by European systems of higher education to the twin questions of the proper structures of higher education and the link between higher education and employment. From the mid‐1950's to the present, the debates on the two questions have sometimes been closely linked and sometimes barely linked at all. The point is that the link between increased employment and higher education is very complex and that signals are unclear. There is no proof, for instance, that over the long‐term, graduates of non‐university higher education institutions will be better protected against unemployment than graduates of traditional universities, particularly those from non‐traditional and diversified programmes within these universities. Still a non‐hierarchical diversity of institutions and programmes seems best suited to the long‐term employment prospects of students. Also, information sources on higher education and employment must be made more accurate and more comprehensive.     

美国《高等教育法》修订与高等教育财政改革

1965年通过的《高等教育法》是美国历史上最为重要的高等教育立法之一,扩展了联邦政府在高等教育财政领域的角色。该法以再授权的方式周期性地予以修订,到目前为止,已进行了8次再授权。2008年通过的《高等教育机会法》是对该法的第8次再授权,本次修订提出了一系列重要的高等教育财政改革措施,并突出体现了促进和改善入学机会、可负担和问责的高等教育财政理念。     

大众发展阶段我国高等教育的科学发展策略

我国高等教育已经进入大众化发展阶段,必须树立和落实科学发展观,统筹高等教育与经济建设的协调发展,走内涵与外延协调发展之路,正确把握规模与质量的辩证关系,推进不同类型、层次,所有制和不同区域高等教育的协调发展。