以展览主题为核心的展览策划与实践——“守护地球家园”常设展览策展记

作为中国科技馆常展更新改造项目之一,“守护地球家园”常设展览以建立正确的人地关系为核心确定展览主题,引导公众正确领会人与家园的关系,树立人与自然和谐发展的生态文明观,携手应对当前生态环境面临的挑战,呵护唯一家园。本文分析了确定该展览主题的思路,探讨并总结了围绕主题进行策展工作的思考与启示。     

浅谈流动科技馆小型主题式科普展览的策展方法——以“生态环境”主题展览为例

自2011年诞生以来,中国流动科技馆以流动巡回展出的方式,将展览资源送到尚未建设科技馆的县域地区,有效补齐了基层科普短板,极大地促进了科普资源的公平和普惠。然而随着时代发展,传统的以基础科学为主的资源内容已难以满足基层公众的实际需求。剖析流动馆小型主题式科普展览的主要特点,以“生态环境”主题展览为例,从背景调研、目标聚焦、主题凝练、内容策划、展览布局等方面入手,梳理该类展览的策展方法,可以为今后流动馆小型主题式科普展览的策展提供借鉴和参考。     

引导观众像科学家探究科学一样学习科学——来自伦敦设计博物馆“移居火星”特展的启示

博物馆举办科技类展览不仅要向观众传播科学知识,更要树立科学的教育理念并运用正确的教育方法。本文在对伦敦设计博物馆“移居火星”特展展览主题、内容策划、形式设计与展览教育活动进行叙述的基础上,分析科学探究类展览以生活化的实际问题为导向,引导观众像科学家探究科学一样学习科学。展览还体现出“基于问题的学习”与“基于项目的学习”的研究性学习方法,让观众思考人类太空探索活动的目的及设计的价值与意义。     

以展览推动考古成果的公众表达——郑州博物馆考古专题展览实践

考古发现揭示了中华文明起源和发展的历史脉络,考古成果的公众表达有助于增强民族凝聚力和文化自信。新时代对考古成果的公众化传播提出新要求。以展览为手段实现考古成果的公众表达,是博物馆的职责所在,优势所在。博物馆应加强对考古成果展策划实施的研究,在展览主题、叙事结构、展品选择、传播推广方面形成适应考古展特点的策划实施方式,讲好考古故事。     

以展览设计的科学规律揭示元素周期律——“律动世界:化学元素周期表专题展”策展记

为致敬门捷列夫发现元素周期表150周年,2019年中国科技馆自主开发了“律动世界——化学元素周期表专题展”,以“规律”为主题,传播化学元素及元素周期律相关知识,引导公众思考“准确把握规律”在认识和改造世界过程中的意义和作用。本文按照展览设计的规律,从展览主题策划、内容策划、形式设计、策展机制等四个方面,简介展览设计理念,总结项目开发过程。     

关于临展策划与公众互动的思考

博物馆的可持续发展是很宽泛的命题,涉及到政策法规、管理体制、运营理念、藏品保管、学术研究、陈列展示、公众教育等方方面面。临时展览无疑是博物馆活力的鲜烈表征,与客流量、社会影响力密切相关。成功的临展与博物馆重视公众互动的策略密不可分。本文通过对近期博物馆临展与公众互动特质的分析,阐释临展策划环节如主题构思、藏品遴选、宣传推广等如何与公众建立关联,以寻求临展与公众对话和共谋的可能。     

从“Who Decides?”展览看全新博物馆时代观众角色的嬗变

近年来,我国博物馆行业发展迅猛,博物馆的社会作用不断拓展。不同于过去静止不变的机构,当今的博物馆以观众为中心,以社区为导向,其展陈理念和博物馆观众角色已然发生了巨变。本文以英国威尔士国家博物馆策划的“Who Decides?”展览为例,分析了博物馆展陈理念的时代变化,以及在全新博物馆时代观众角色由陌生人—客人—主人的嬗变,为新时期博物馆策展模式提供了建议与参考。     

从观众的角度评量展览的有效性

展示是沟通博物馆藏品与观众的桥梁,在以观众为导向的博物馆展示理念下,研究观众的参观行为成为现代博物馆规划决策的基础。来自异国他乡的顶级展览是否吸引国内的观众?他们愿意花费多久来参观展览?他们的参观动线如何?这些问题是中国大陆博物馆学者尚少涉足的领域。"深海奇珍"(The Deep)展是由法国BLOOM非营利组织创办人克莱儿?诺维安(Claire Nouvian)女士所策划的国际巡回展,是法国深海研究团队的研究成果。在台湾完成展览后,在中国大陆首站上海,进行了为期6个月的展览。文章以该展览为例,用个别追踪法观察观众参观该展览的行为,以评价展览的教育目标达成程度。研究显示,相对于模型、标本、照片,图文版的吸引力极低。如果规划设计未能充分考虑适合展览地民众的认知程度、参观习惯,再好的展览也只能成为"专业人员"自娱自乐的作品。     

不同观点，共同目标:为观众策划更好的展览—— “博物馆展览策划的理论与实践学术研讨会暨第三届科博论坛”侧记

2019年10月26—27日,“博物馆展览策划的理论与实践学术研讨会暨第三届科博论坛”在浙江杭州召开,会议围绕博物馆展览面临的挑战与对策展开了深入探讨,分享了不同领域与背景的观点。当今的中国博物馆展览发展迅速,建立起符合中国自身特点的策展机制,能为策划“好展览”提供制度性保障。以此为基础,立足于博物馆使命,策展团队通过提炼展览主题,采用多元的叙事方式、叙事视角、叙述语言以及视觉传达等手段,能为观众策划出更多有思想、有品质的好展览。     

展览设计与观众需求研究——以“安徒生童话进入中国百年纪念展”为例

随着博物馆的发展、观念的转变,展览不再自说自话、自行其是,对观众的服务也更加强调多层次、多领域、多视角,"这些必须建立在了解观众信息、满足观众多种需求的服务意识之上"。因此,观众调查在当代博物馆发展中越来越受到关注和重视。本文以中国妇女儿童博物馆"魅力永恒的童话力量——安徒生童话进入中国百年纪念展"(以下简称"安徒生展")的观众调查为例,分析观众的关注点以及他们对展览的实际评价。希望借此能为博物馆的展览工作提供更多的数据支持,并有利于制定博物馆未来的展览策略和发展方向。     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.     

Communicating With Bank Stakeholders During Recession: Why It's Important,Who Is Doing It,and How to Stay in the Loop

This study explores the attitudes and actions of bank managers toward communication spending during recession. Results of this study indicate that organizational leaders cut communication spending early during recession and also erroneously rely on the bank's financials to mitigate irrational customer withdrawals. This research is used to illustrate the need for public librarians to meet the needs of bank stakeholders when their institution ceases to communicate during crises, for academic librarians to educate students in undergraduate and graduate programs regarding heightened information needs during recession, and for corporate librarians to understand a potential avenue for competitive advantage during recession.