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1.
Anastasia Efklides 《Educational Psychology Review》2006,18(3):287-291
The measurement of online self-regulation processes is a very important issue and in this rejoinder to Ainley and Patrick (this issue) I am arguing that including measures of metacognitive experiences, in conjunction with measures of other affective experiences, in various phases of task processing can increase the reliability and validity of online measures and our understanding of the self-regulation process. Furthermore, behavioral and performance measures as well as thinking aloud protocols can enrich not only the reliability and validity of our measures but also our awareness of the factors involved in the formation of the various facets of subjective experiences, be it affective or metacognitive.
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Anastasia EfklidesEmail: Phone: +30-2310-997374Fax: +30-2310-997384 |
2.
Charalambos Y. Charalambous George N. Philippou Leonidas Kyriakides 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2008,67(2):125-142
This paper focuses on efficacy beliefs with respect to teaching mathematics; it aims at testing and validating an existing
scale for measuring efficacy beliefs in the domain of mathematics, examining the development of preservice teachers’ efficacy
beliefs in mathematics during fieldwork, and identifying factors that contribute to the development of these beliefs. Exploratory
factor analysis applied to longitudinal data collected through a questionnaire administered to almost 90 preservice teachers
elicited a two-factor model, reflecting efficacy beliefs in mathematics instruction and classroom management. Using cluster
analysis, we found four patterns in the development of preservice teachers’ efficacy beliefs regarding these two factors.
Our analysis of semi-structured interviews with eight participants representing these four patterns suggested that preservice
teachers’ efficacy beliefs were mainly informed by experimentation with teaching and interaction with mentors, tutors, peers,
and pupils. Based on our findings, we draw implications for mathematics preservice teacher education and provide suggestions
for future research.
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Charalambos Y. CharalambousEmail: |
3.
Mathematical belief change in prospective primary teachers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Peter Grootenboer 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2008,11(6):479-497
The development and influence of beliefs in teacher education has been a topic of increasing interest for researchers in recent
years. This study explores the responses of a group of prospective primary teachers to attempts to facilitate belief change
as part of their initial teacher education programme in mathematics. The students’ responses seemed to fall into three categories:
non-engagement; building a new set of beliefs and; reforming existing beliefs. In this article the participants’ responses
are outlined and illustrated with stories from three individuals. This study suggests that belief reform is complex and fraught
with ethical dilemmas. Certainly there is a need for further research in this area, particularly given the pervasive influence
of beliefs on teaching practice.
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Peter GrootenboerEmail: |
4.
An international comparison using a diagnostic testing model: Turkish students’ profile of mathematical skills on TIMSS-R 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This study illustrates how a diagnostic testing model can be used to make detailed comparisons between student populations
participating in international assessments. The performance of Turkish students on the TIMSS-R mathematics test was reanalyzed
with a diagnostic testing model called the Rule Space Model. First, mathematical and cognitive skills (‘attributes’) measured
by the test were determined. One hundred sixty-two items were coded in terms of their attribute involvement, creating an incidence
matrix—the Q-matrix. Using the Q-matrix and the student response data, each student’s attribute mastery profile was determined.
Mean attribute mastery levels of Turkish students were computed and compared to those of their American peers. It was shown
that Turkish students were weak in algebra and probability/statistics. They also demonstrated poor profiles in skills such
as applying rules in algebra, approximation/estimation, solving open-ended problems, recognizing patterns and relationships,
and quantitative reading.
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Enis DoganEmail: |
5.
This exploratory study examines the learning beliefs of high and low achieving, low-income Mexican-American students. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted with 11 ninth grade students. The qualitative analysis shows that students’ perceptions of their
teachers’ expectations of a “good” student or a “not so good” student did not differ along achievement lines. However, the
students’ perceptions about what it means to be a good student differentiated the low-achievers from the high-achievers. This
study’s findings may be used to inform educators about Mexican-American students’ orientation towards school and learning,
in hopes for creating more equitable educational settings where all students achieve to their fullest potential.
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Soung BaeEmail: |
6.
Fredrick D. Pociask Gary R. Morrison 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2008,56(4):379-399
In this study, we examined the effectiveness of instructional materials designed to control redundancy and split attention
in the teaching of complex orthopedic physical therapy skills. Participants included 41 first-year physical therapy students.
The modified instruction group received a modified unit of instruction designed to reduce cognitive load, while the control
group received a traditionally designed unit of instruction. Four hypotheses were tested relating to achievement on cognitive
and psychomotor tests, ratings of cognitive load, and task completion times. The multivariate analysis yielded significant
results for three of the four hypotheses (ES = +0.52). As predicted, the participants receiving the modified instructional
materials scored significantly higher on the written post-test and psychomotor tasks, while reporting a lower level of cognitive
load on both tasks. These results suggest that designers can increase the germane cognitive load by reducing the extraneous
cognitive load through good instructional and message design practices.
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Gary R. Morrison (Corresponding author)Email: |
7.
While a vast literature exists on students and their learning, work on lecturers and their teaching continues to lag some
way behind. This paper explores the notion that the complexity of Higher Education (HE) today significantly impacts upon what
goes on in the classroom through a two-tiered study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore lecturers’ perceptions
and experiences of teaching a specific module. Interviewees raised issues pertaining to the wider departmental, institutional
and socio-political context. Consequently, focus groups were run with key people in the University to explore their perceptions
of teaching and learning within the current HE climate. The findings suggest that lecturers perceive numerous external factors
to impinge upon their teaching and attempt to militate against these in various ways in order to achieve ongoing enhancement
of learning for students.
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Susan J. LeaEmail: |
8.
Julie Gainsburg 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2008,11(3):199-219
The mathematics-education community stresses the importance of real-world connections in teaching. The extant literature suggests
that in actual classrooms this practice is infrequent and cursory, but few studies have specifically examined whether, how,
and why teachers connect mathematics to the real world. In this study, I surveyed 62 secondary mathematics teachers about
their understanding and use of real-world connections, their purposes for making connections in teaching, and factors that
support and constrain this practice. I also observed 5 teachers making real-world connections in their classrooms and I conducted
follow-up interviews; these qualitative data are used to illuminate findings from the survey data. The results offer an initial
portrayal of the use of real-world connections in secondary mathematics classes and raise critical issues for more targeted
research, particularly in the area of teacher beliefs about how to help different kinds of students learn mathematics.
相似文献
Julie GainsburgEmail: |
9.
This study investigates the changes in mathematical problem-solving beliefs and behaviour of mathematics students during the
years after entering university. Novice bachelor students fill in a questionnaire about their problem-solving beliefs and
behaviour. At the end of their bachelor programme, as experienced bachelor students, they again fill in the questionnaire.
As an educational exercise in academic reflection, they have to explain their individual shifts in beliefs, if any. Significant
shifts for the group as a whole are reported, such as the growth of attention to metacognitive aspects in problem-solving
or the growth of the belief that problem-solving is not only routine but has many productive aspects. On the one hand, the
changes in beliefs and behaviour are mostly towards their teachers’ beliefs and behaviour, which were measured using the same
questionnaire. On the other hand, students show aspects of the development of an individual problem-solving style. The students
explain the shifts mainly by the specific nature of the mathematics problems encountered at university compared to secondary
school mathematics problems. This study was carried out in the theoretical framework of learning as enculturation. Apparently,
secondary mathematics education does not quite succeed in showing an authentic image of the culture of mathematics concerning
problem-solving. This aspect partly explains the low number of students choosing to study mathematics.
相似文献
Jacob PerrenetEmail: |
10.
In this article, we describe the results of a study of chemistry high school teachers’ beliefs (N = 7) of the chemistry curriculum and their roles, their beliefs on the teacher as developer of materials, and their beliefs
about professional development. Teachers’ beliefs influence the implementation of a curriculum. We view the use of a new curriculum
as a learning process, which should start at teachers’ prior knowledge and beliefs. The results reveal that it is possible
to develop a new curriculum in which teachers’ beliefs are taken as a starting point. Promising approaches to prepare teachers
for a new curriculum is to let them (co)develop and use curriculum materials: It creates ownership, and strengthens and develops
teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).
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Fer CoendersEmail: |
11.
Tamara Holmlund Nelson 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(3):235-254
Preservice teachers in a K–8 science methods course used guided video reflection to examine their interactions with children
during science teaching. This inquiry approach helped preservice teachers identify and respond to gaps between their beliefs
and intentions about teaching all children and their enactment of those beliefs. The experience of teaching a science lesson
and then viewing it multiple times through a critical framework provided an opportunity for preservice teachers to recognize
hidden assumptions, unexamined behaviors, and the unintentional meanings they may have conveyed to children. This encouraged
them to think more critically about their roles as teachers in creating spaces where all children have access to quality science
learning experiences.
相似文献
Tamara Holmlund NelsonEmail: |
12.
Since many teachers and students recognize other kinds of knowledge (faith) based on other ways of knowing, consideration
of these realities is appropriate for the science education community. Understanding the multitude of ways that clergy view
relationships between science and faith (i.e. alternative ways of knowing) would assist in understanding various ways that
people address complex issues arising from ideas about science and faith. We administered a questionnaire composed of multiple-choice
and short answer items to 63 United Methodist ministers. Findings included (1) that formal, organized faith contexts (e.g.
church services) serve as informal science education opportunities, (2) participants demonstrated considerable diversity regarding
the types of relationships developed between science and faith, and (3) participants recognized a need exists for better understandings
of science and its relationship to faith for them, their colleagues, and their congregations.
相似文献
Daniel L. Dickerson (Corresponding author)Email: |
Karen R. DawkinsEmail: |
John E. PenickEmail: |
13.
Okhee Lee Karen Adamson Jaime Maerten-Rivera Scott Lewis Constance Thornton Kathryn LeRoy 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(1):41-67
Our 5-year professional development intervention is designed to promote elementary teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and practices
in teaching science, along with English language and mathematics for English Language Learning (ELL) students in urban schools.
In this study, we used an end-of-year questionnaire as a primary data source to seek teachers’ perspectives on our intervention
during the first year of implementation. Teachers believed that the intervention, including curriculum materials and teacher
workshops, effectively promoted students’ science learning, along with English language development and mathematics learning.
Teachers highlighted strengths and areas needing improvement in the intervention. Teachers’ perspectives have been incorporated
into our on-going intervention efforts and offer insights into features of effective professional development initiatives
in improving science achievement for all students.
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Scott LewisEmail: |
14.
15.
Bringing the Classroom to the Web: Effects of Using New Technologies to Capture and Deliver Lectures
Technology expands instructional options for faculty, and this study examines the differential learning effects of offering
a lecture on physics to students in a traditional classroom versus internet video formats. Based on an experiment conducted
in a natural educational context, results indicate enhanced transfer of lecture information in the video formats relative
to the live condition, with students also responding more positively to personalized video presentation.
相似文献
Eric L. DeyEmail: |
16.
Brian A. Bottge Enrique Rueda Jung Min Kwon Timothy Grant Perry LaRoque 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2009,57(4):529-552
The purpose of this randomized experiment was to compare the performance of high-, average-, and low-achieving middle school
students who were assessed with parallel versions of a computer-based test (CBT) or a paper-pencil test (PPT). Tests delivered
in interactive, immersive environments like the CBT may have the advantage of providing teachers with diagnostic tools that
can lead to instruction tailored to the needs of students at different achievement levels. To test the feasibility of CBT,
students were randomly assigned to the CBT or PPT test conditions to measure what they had learned from an instructional method
called enhanced anchored math instruction. Both assessment methods showed that students benefited from instruction and differentiated
students by achievement status. The navigation maps generated from the CBT revealed that the low-achieving students were able
to navigate the test, spent about the same amount of time solving the subproblems as the more advanced students, and made
use of the learning scaffolds.
相似文献
Brian A. BottgeEmail: |
17.
Many of our cognitive and metacognitive judgments are based on sheer subjective experience. Subjective experience, however,
may be contaminated by irrelevant factors, resulting in biased judgments. Under certain conditions people exert a metacognitive
correction process to remedy such biased judgments. In this study we examine the proposition that even after a judgment has
been corrected to avoid the biasing effects on subjective experience, subjective experience itself remains biased. We asked
participants to judge the difficulty of anagrams for others. When they were aware of having been exposed to the solutions
of some of the anagrams, they corrected their difficulty judgments for these anagrams. Despite this correction, their speeded
choices in a subsequent task disclosed their biased subjective experience that these anagrams were easier to solve. Implications
for the study of metacognition and for the educational domain are discussed.
相似文献
Ravit NussinsonEmail: |
18.
How Much Have They Retained? Making Unseen Concepts Seen in a Freshman Electromagnetism Course at MIT 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
Yehudit Judy Dori Erin Hult Lori Breslow John W. Belcher 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2007,16(4):299-323
The introductory freshmen electromagnetism course at MIT has been taught since 2000 using a studio physics format entitled
TEAL—Technology Enabled Active Learning. TEAL has created a collaborative, hands-on environment where students carry out desktop
experiments, submit web-based assignments, and have access to a host of visualizations and simulations. These learning tools
help them visualize unseen electromagnetic concepts and develop stronger intuition about related phenomena. A previous study
has shown that students who took the course in the TEAL format (the experimental group) gained significantly better conceptual
understanding than those who took it in the traditional lecture-recitation format (the control group). The present longitudinal
study focuses on the extent to which these two research groups (experimental and control) retain conceptual understanding
about a year to 18 months after finishing the course. It also examines students attitudes about whether the teaching format
(TEAL or traditional) contributes to their learning in advanced courses. Our research has indicated that the long-term effect
of the TEAL course on students’ retention of concepts was significantly stronger than that of the traditional course. This
research is significant because it documents the long-term cognitive and affective impact of the TEAL studio physics format
on learning outcomes of MIT students.
相似文献
Yehudit Judy DoriEmail: |
19.
Casey Marie Breslin Jane R. Morton Mary E. Rudisill 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,35(5):429-437
In Fall 2006, North Carolina kindergarten teachers were charged with the task of meeting the NASPE guidelines for providing
daily physical activity to their kindergarten students. In turn, the teachers researched resources and consulted experts to
design and develop a developmentally appropriate physical activity and physical play environment for their students. The purpose
of this article is to disseminate useful information one group of kindergarten teachers believed would help other teachers
in similar situations. The article discusses the planning process, suggestions for activities and necessary equipment for
program implementation, and vignettes regarding the experiences the teachers and students have had during the physical activity
and physical play program’s inaugural year.
相似文献
Casey Marie BreslinEmail: |
20.
The general background of this study is an interest in how digital tools contribute to structuring learning activities. The
specific interest is to explore how such tools co-determine students’ reasoning when solving word problems in mathematics,
and what kind of learning that follows. Theoretically the research takes its point of departure in a sociocultural perspective
on the role of cultural tools in thinking, and in a complementary interest in the role of the communicative framing of cognitive
activities. Data have been collected through video documentation of classroom activities in secondary schools where multimedia
tools are integrated into mathematics teaching. The focus of the analysis is on cases where the students encounter some kind
of difficulty. The results show how the tool to a significant degree co-determines the meaning making practices of students.
Thus, it is not a passive element in the situation; rather it invites certain types of activities, for instance iterative
computations that do not necessarily rely on an analysis of the problems to be solved. For long periods of time the students’
activities are framed within the context of the tool, and they do not engage in discussing mathematics at all when solving
the problems. It is argued that both from a practical and theoretical point of view it is important to scrutinize what competences
students develop when using tools of this kind.
相似文献
Annika Lantz-AnderssonEmail: |