音乐治疗干预孤独症儿童语言发展的案例分析

采用音乐治疗干预孤独症儿童的语言能力的方法,研究了音乐治疗对孤独症儿童语言发展的效果。将具有语言障碍的孤独症儿童分为2组,即治疗组和对照组,对治疗组的儿童进行音乐治疗干预,经过三个月的干预治疗后,测试治疗组与对照组儿童的语言能力。结果显示:经过三个月的音乐治疗干预,可以有效的提升孤独症儿童的语言能力。     

大学生心理健康教育融入音乐教育探析

<正>音乐的心理治疗干预效果在大学生心理健康教育中崭露头角,受到教育工作者广泛关注。相比传统心理治疗干预方法,音乐治疗能够改善环境,有效应对不良情绪,提升心理治疗干预水平。为此,高校可以将音乐教育与心理健康教育有机结合,发挥音乐的心理治疗干预价值,疏导学生负面情绪,为个人价值与社会价值的实现保驾护航。王丽所著《高校音乐教育与大学生心理健康问题研究》一书,通过对当代大学生心理健康与常见心理问题分析,     

“音乐治疗+”模式干预孤独症儿童实证研究的述评

音乐治疗是康复与音乐相结合的治疗方法,对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的康复具有独特的作用。“音乐治疗+”主要体现在音乐治疗与科技手段、教育康复、医疗手段和心理治疗的联合干预上,能够对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的语言、共同注意、社交和情绪行为控制等方面进行有效干预。未来应继续加强对“音乐治疗+”联合干预的实践与研究,注重本土化发展,进一步拓展其对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的干预领域。     

焦虑症患者自主神经系统功能特点研究

对40名焦虑症患者和40名健康志愿者进行短时程（10分钟）心率变异性（HRV）分析，发现焦虑症患者组平均心率高于正常对照组，焦虑症患者组SDNN、rMSSD、PNN50及HRVI均低于正常对照组．从而得出结论：焦虑症患者自主神经功能下降，其中以迷走神经张力下降为主，而交感神经活性相对亢进．     

综合干预老年慢性便秘的疗效观察

目的：观察综合干预对老年慢性便秘患者的治疗效果,探讨老年慢性便秘的综合干预措施。方法：将门诊92例老年慢性便秘患者随机分为对照组45例和观察组47例。对照组采取常规药物治疗,观察组在对照组治疗措施基础上,实施综合干预。为期6个月。结果：观察组患者治疗显效率、总有效率均明显高于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;治疗前两组患者老年慢性便秘保健能力均明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）;治疗后第1周,观察组排便困难程度、大便性状评分均明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,排便次数明显多于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：综合干预治疗老年慢性便秘疗效显著,值得推广应用。     

基于PDCA管理的Teach-back模式在血液透析患者健康教育中的应用分析

目的:探讨基于PDCA管理的Teach-back模式在血液透析患者健康教育中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年9月～2021年10月在我院接受血液透析治疗的70例患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组接受常规健康教育。观察组将接受基于PDCA管理的Teach-back模式健康宣教。观察比较两组患者干预前、干预后心理状态改善情况;比较两组患者透析相关知识掌握情况及对护理工作的满意度,并比较两组患者接受干预3个月、6个月后的治疗依从性差异。结果:观察组和对照组干预前HAMA评分、观察组和对照组干预前依从性评分对比差异均无统计学意义;观察组和对照组干预后HAMA评分与同组干预前比较、观察组和对照组干预后HAMA评分、观察组和对照组知识掌握率、观察组和对照组护理工作满意度评分在健康教育、护理技能、护理舒适度、护理态度、护理满意度方面、观察组和对照组干预后3个月、干预后6个月依从性评分和同组干预前、观察组干预后3个月、干预后6个月依从性评分和对照组同时期两两比较差异均有统计学意义。结论:基于PDCA管理的Teach-back模式在血液透析患者健康教育中的应用效果较好...     

老年糖尿病患者出院后实施延续护理的效果分析

目的:探讨延续护理干预对老年糖尿病患者出院后远期的防治效果。方法:将128例老年糖尿病出院患者随机分为观察组68例和对照组60例,观察组实施延续护理干预,对照组给予常规出院指导,干预6、12、18个月后分别比较两组治疗依从性、血糖、糖化血红蛋白及并发症发生率,评价干预效果。结果:延续护理组患者各期治疗依从性明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);延续护理组患者12个月和18个月的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.01);延续护理组患者各期糖化血红蛋白明显低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);18个月时,延续护理组患者并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:延续护理可提高老年糖尿病出院后患者的治疗依从性,更加有效地控制血糖、糖化血红蛋白及并发症,达到远期康复效果。     

临床路径在声带息肉手术患者护理中的应用

目的:探讨临床路径在声带息肉手术患者中的应用效果。方法:将120例声带息肉患者随机分两组,每组60例,对照组按常规方法护理,观察组按临床路径实施护理。结果:观察组住院时间、患者满意度、住院费用显著少于对照组(均P<0.05)结论:通过临床路径,使声带息肉手术患者住院时间减少,治疗成本降低,患者的满意度提高,值得推广。     

奥尔夫音乐配合同事支持对手术室护士心理状态的影响

[目的]观察奥尔夫音乐配合同事支持对手术室护士心理状态的影响。[方法]将163名手术室护士分为观察组(88名)和对照组(75名),对照组只给予同事支持干预,观察组给予奥尔夫音乐治疗配合同事支持,干预前后采用症状自评量表(SLC-90)对两组护士的心理水平进行评价比较。[结果]干预后观察组护士的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]奥尔夫音乐配合同事支持干预可明显改善护士的心理健康状况。     

音乐课堂教学如何渗透心理健康教育

近年来，国外一些学者将音乐作为一种资源引入心理咨询和心理治疗领域，并发展成为心理咨询和心理治疗方法的音乐疗法。同样，在具体的教学实践中，音乐对中小学生的心理干预作用值得我们反思。     

音乐干预对高职学生负性情绪的影响研究

本实验共选取80名高职一年级新生,分为人数相等的两组进行对比研究。干预组采用音乐干预手段,对照组采用常规音乐教学手段,通过为期8周的实验,采用SCL-90等量表来测量两组学生的负性情绪水平。研究结果表明,音乐干预能够有效降低高职学生的负性情绪水平。     

65例膀胱粘膜白斑患者术前心理干预的随机对照研究

目的探讨心理干预对膀胱粘膜白斑患者术前心理状况的影响。方法 65例膀胱粘膜白斑患者随机分为心理干预组(33例)和对照组(32例),采用症状自评量表SCL-90评定心理状况。结果心理干预组经治疗后与治疗前比较焦虑、抑郁等因子显著下降;而对照组则下降不明显;心理干预治疗后,心理干预组与对照组比较焦虑、抑郁等因子显著下降。但两组与常模比较,焦虑、抑郁等因子仍显著增高。结论心理干预对膀胱粘膜白斑患者的心理状况有改善作用。     

认知疗法取向团体辅导缓解大学生就业焦虑的干预研究

对经招募和筛选的30名大学生进行八次认知疗法取向的团体辅导,考察认知疗法取向团体辅导对大学生就业焦虑的干预效果,总结形成缓解就业焦虑的有效干预模型。结果:问卷结果显示团体干预后,实验组的就业焦虑水平显著低于对照组;干预结束两个月后的追踪测试也说明效果同样显著。结论:认知疗法取向团体辅导可有效缓解大学生就业焦虑,在此基础上建立的就业焦虑干预模型可供推广。     

Correlation Analysis as a means of Studying Contributions of Causes

A community-based prompting intervention for safety belt promotion was field tested at two parking lots on a large university campus. The intervention involved a coed displaying a flash card that read, “Please buckle up —I care” to unbuckled drivers of vehicles exiting the parking lots. If the driver buckled up, the “flasher” flipped the card over and displayed the message, “Thank you for buckling up.” Drivers who were already wearing a shoulder belt when exiting the parking lot were shown only the “thank you” side of the flash card. Simultaneous ABAB paradigms over a 4-week period demonstrated functional control of safety belt use at each parking lot by this prompting intervention. A total of 1,260 flashing episodes occurred and overall compliance with the buckle-up request was 25%. Important issues for follow-up research are discussed, especially the need for further study of the post-intervention, residual effect of prompting that was observed.     

国内青少年社交焦虑研究进展

在青少年社交焦虑的人口学特点上,国内研究结果存在矛盾;在影响青少年社交焦虑的因素上,研究发现不但消极的家庭教养方式、留守经历与社交焦虑关系密切,而且个体的社交技能、应对方式、人格特征、自我效能感和自尊等个体因素也对社交焦虑有重要影响。国内干预社交焦虑的常用方法主要有认知行为疗法、箱庭疗法、体育疗法、音乐疗法、综合性团体干预等。目前国内对不同疗法干预青少年社交焦虑效果的比较性研究还较缺乏,对留守儿童等特定群体社交焦虑的干预研究及社交焦虑的生理基础研究还有待深入。     

An intervention approach for children with teacher- and parent-identified attentional difficulties

Using a multimodal and multi-informant method for diagnosis, we selected 33 children by teacher and parent nomination for attention and work completion problems that met DSM-IV criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Of the 33 children in this group, 21 participated in the initial intervention, and 12 were placed in an ADHD control group and received the intervention after pre- and posttesting. A similarly selected group of 21 children without difficulties in attention and work completion served as a control group. Each child was assessed on pre- and posttest measures of visual and auditory attention. After an 18-week intervention period that included attention and problem-solving training, all children in the intervention and control groups were retested on visual and auditory tasks. Children in both ADHD groups showed significantly poorer initial performance on the visual attention task. Whereas the ADHD intervention group showed commensurate performance to the nondisabled control group after training, the ADHD control group did not show significant improvement over the same period. Auditory attention was poorer compared to the control group for both ADHD groups initially and improved only for the ADHD intervention group. These findings are discussed as a possible intervention for children with difficulties in strategy selection in a classroom setting.     

探求荣誉之路--对于连选择死亡的精神分析

本文运用霍妮的精神分析理论对<红与黑>主人公于连基本焦虑的形成及探求荣誉的病态驱力进行剖析,认为于连正是为了克服个体的神经症、实现真正意义上的人的复归而无怨无悔地选择死亡,意在为当今个体人格的成长提供可资借鉴的经验.     

Impact of Background Music on Medical Student Anxiety and Performance During Anatomical Dissections: A Cluster Randomized Interventional Trial

Anatomical dissection on cadavers can be a source of anxiety for medical students. Studies in other stressful settings have shown a reduction in anxiety when there is background music. The objective of this study was to determine if music can have an impact on student anxiety, student satisfaction, and student performance in dissection room. This cluster randomized interventional trial included 187 second-year medical students. The intervention was standardized background music, selected based on the literature, with a tempo of between 60 and 80 bpm. Six balanced clusters were randomized (1:1) to music or no music during dissection sessions. The main assessment criterion was a validated self-evaluation scale score for anxiety, the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Student satisfaction was measured using a visual analog scale and dissection performance was evaluated by an examination. The outcomes were analyzed with mixed models adjusted on group effect, chronic anxiety, and confounding factors. A significant (58%) relative decrease in acute anxiety, odds ratio 0.423 [0.160; 0.710] was found for the music intervention group. Music also had a positive impact on performance with students in the intervention group attaining higher grades than those in the control group (0.42/10 higher, P = 0.0016). The study also showed a nonsignificant increase in satisfaction with 0.37 extra points (P = 0.137) in the intervention group. Background music had a significant impact on anxiety in the dissection room and on technical and theoretical performance in the subsequent anatomy examination. This music intervention could be extended to other stressful work environments.     

心理行为干预对老年功能性便秘患者心理状况及生活质量的影响

目的探讨心理行为干预对老年功能性便秘患者的生活质量及社会心理状况的影响。方法符合罗马Ⅲ诊断标准的86例患者随机分为两组,对照组给予常规治疗,试验组在常规治疗的基础上给予心理行为干预。应用健康自评量表（SCL-90）、汉化版简明健康调查量表（SF～36）评估两组患者的心理状况和生活质量,给予综合心理行为干预,比较试验组干预前后及干预后试验组与对照组的各评分值。结果心理行为干预后,试验组患者SCL-90评分的总分及除恐怖、偏执、精神病性外的其他6六因子分均显著低于干预前（P〈0．05或0．01）。生活质量八个维度中,总体健康、情感职能、社会功能、活力及精神健康均显著干预前（P〈0．01）;心理行为干预后,试验组SCL-90评分的总分,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性显著低于对照组（P〈O．05或O．01）;生活质量八个维度中,总体健康、社会功能、活力及精神健康显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论心理行为干预有助于改善老年功能性便秘患者的心理状态,提高患者的生活质量。