“Is this Ella Fitzgerald?”: My Reflections of James C. McCroskey

Editor’s Note: This essay reflects the final in our five-part set of essays on the career of Communication Research Reports founding editor, James C. McCroskey. In these previous essays, Levine and Park (2017) offered the opening essay in our series, with a professional and personal rememberance of a scholar deeply impactful on both of their careers. Hickson (2018) commented on McCroskey’s formal and informal mentorship styles, and how others might understand the critical importance of offering oneself to one’s peers. Park, Oh, and Ryu (2018) explained the unique impact of McCroskey’s research on communication scholarship in South Korea, and Frymier (2018) reminded us of McCroskey’s impact as a core scholar for instructional communication research. In this final essay, we reached out to current West Virginia University Department of Communication chair Matthew M. Martin for his thoughts. As McCroskey spent most of his career at WVU (including a 25-year stretch as the department chair, from 1972 to 1997), inviting the current chair of that department for a closing commentary seemed most fitting. We hope that these five essays serve as a memorial to a scholar whose career and influence extends far beyond his publication record.     

Measuring the performances of politicians on social media and the correlation with major Latin American election results

Contemporary social media (SM) has strongly impacted democratic practices. The success of presidential campaigns is frequently attributed to being highly correlated with the candidates' social media performance, but there is no well-established method to measure this performance. Thus, this study aims to improve the understanding of a politician's performance on SM and its correlation with electoral results. Applying a new, recently-defined set of metrics, based on Zajonc's exposition theory and considering the interactions of users on politicians' profiles in multiple SM platforms, this research identifies statistical correlations between SM performance and the votes received in multiple elections. As case studies, this paper focuses on the most recent presidential elections in the four most populous countries in Latin America: Argentina (2019), Brazil (2018), Colombia (2018), and Mexico (2018). Data from more than 65,000 posts were collected from the SM profiles of the main candidates on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, starting from 300 days before the election days, and correlations with electoral results were calculated. The results demonstrated strong correlations between the defined metrics and the votes received, particularly the engagement per post, although there were differences among countries. On the other hand, we observed that there is zero or negative correlation between the number of posts and the electoral results.     

From War-net to Net-war: The Internet and Resistance Identities in Indonesia

For decades following independence, informational media in Indonesia developed parallel with the interests of the state that made use of the media as a means to legitimize and maintain its identity as a progressive ‘‘developmental state’’. The Internet, which came to Indonesia during the early phase of the political crisis in the 1990s, economically and politically has risen to become an alternative media that is no longer under state control, thus bolstering civil society in its resistance to state and corporate domination. Based on Indonesia's experience, this paper describes how the Internet provides means for popular resistance to the dominant paradigm.     

The Evolution and Fragmentation of Olympic Media Consumption and Its Impact on the Entertainment Value of the 2018 Winter Olympics

This fragmentation of Olympic media is a fascinating trend to explore on an international level to examine if there are similarities in how citizens of different countries consume Winter Olympic media. Another curiosity is the amount of entertainment value different media platforms add to the experience of the Winter Olympics. Using an international sample of 2,245 participants across six countries, a survey was conducted to explore the differences in media consumption during the 2018 Winter Olympics among citizens in six countries, as well as what media consumption habits predict one’s perception of the entertainment value of the 2018 Winter Olympics. Results showed that while participants are adopting more digitally based means to consume Olympic media, television and print media were the strongest predictors of entertainment value.     

Preprint policies among 14 academic publishers

The objective of this study was to assess how 14 large and established scientific publishers have adopted the use of preprints and how their policies changed in a one-year period between June 2017 and June 2018, if any. The core search was performed using the Sherpa/RoMEO database. Of all publishers (2516, now 2553) listed in the RoMEO database, 80.3% of the publishers examined allow self-archiving, but only half of the publishers (47.3%) allow the archiving of preprints in February of 2018, while this percentage increased to 48% in June 2018. These data were practically constant over a one-year period even as the number of preprint servers has increased. Several exceptions exist among journals within each of the tested Sherpa/RoMEO-indexed publishers, and in some cases, a reversal in policy was observed, i.e., from allowing to no longer allowing the archival of preprints.     

Borrowing trouble? The impact of a systematic review service on interlibrary loan borrowing in an academic health sciences library

Background:With the mandate to review all available literature in the study''s inclusion parameters, systematic review projects are likely to require full-text access to a significant number of articles that are not available in a library''s collection, thereby necessitating ordering content via interlibrary loan (ILL). The aim of this study is to understand what effect a systematic review service has on the copyright royalty fees accompanying ILL requests at an academic health sciences library.Case Presentation:The library created a custom report using ILLiad data to look specifically at 2018 ILL borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews. This subset of borrowing activity was then analyzed to determine its impact on the library''s copyright royalty expenditures for the year. In 2018, copyright eligible borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews represented only approximately 5% of total filled requests that involved copyright eligible borrowing. However, these systematic review requests directly or indirectly caused approximately 10% of all the Spencer S. Eccles Library copyright royalty expenditures for 2018 requests.Conclusion:Based on the sample data set, the library''s copyright royalty expenditures did increase, but the overall financial impact was modest.     

《中小学图书馆(室)规程》2018版与2003版对比分析

对《中小学图书馆(室)规程》2018版与2003版在体例结构、用语和内容方面进行了逐一对比。在对比分析的基础上,总结出了新《规程》强调的9个方面:重新定位图书馆的发展目标及主要任务、理顺管理体制、提升图书配备与馆藏质量、提高文献管理水平、加强馆员队伍建设、强化信息化建设、强调资源共享、拓宽服务内容和强调阅读活动的开展。围绕新规程的变化,从加强专业人员队伍建设、建设区域数字图书馆和开展阅读推广方面提出了建议,期望能对中小学图书馆的转型提供借鉴。     

新时代人民日报分词语料库构建、性能及应用(三)——句长与词的分析比较

[目的/意义] 基于新时代人民日报分词语料库从不同维度统计分析句子长度和词汇分布,有助于了解当代汉语文本的语言学特征,进而开展自然语言处理和文本挖掘研究。[方法/过程] 在2018年1月人民日报分词语料的基础上,结合1998年1月人民日报分词语料,确定统计中所使用的6种句子类别,统计和分析字与词单位上的句子长度分布,并基于齐普夫定律揭示词汇静态分布情况。[结果/结论] 从字词维度上的句子长度分布情况和词汇的齐普夫分布状态上看,随着时间的推移,在1998和2018两个语料上,句子的长度和词汇的分布均发生变化,但这种变化又是延续的、有关联的。     

Measuring the scientific publications of double first‐class universities from mainland China

This paper reports a comparative study of the scientific publications of double first‐class universities based on international and domestic Chinese databases from 2006 to 2018. The main results are as follows. Quantitatively, the absolute total number of articles published by Chinese universities has increased. Specifically, the number of international publications in the natural and social sciences from double first‐class universities showed an increasing trend, but the number of domestic journal articles showed the reverse trend. Moreover, based on the number of papers published by each university over the years, we recognized that the ranking changes of universities fall into four categories: rising, declining, stable, and fluctuating. Qualitatively, the international and domestic publications issued by double first‐class universities greatly improved from 2006 to 2018. Moreover, scientific publications, either international or domestic, were unevenly distributed among the double first‐class universities. In general, the double first‐class universities developed rapidly in recent years and play an important role in the development of science and technology in China.     

Machine learning for predicting elections in Latin America based on social media engagement and polls

The popularity of contemporary social media (SM) has impacted democratic practices, and the success of presidential campaigns is frequently attributed to SM performance. Within this new scenario, many methodological proposals that use SM data have been put forward for predicting election results. However, the most common approach, based on the volume and sentiment analysis of mentions on Twitter, has been frequently criticized and challenged. Thus, recent surveys have indicated new directions, such as the use of data from more than one SM platform, the adoption of nonlinear machine learning (ML) models, and the validation of methodologies and experiments in different elections. In this context, the present paper proposes SoMEN, the Social Media framework for Election Nowcasting, a framework composed of a process and an ML model for nowcasting election results based on SM performance as features and with offline polls as labeled data. It also defines SoMEN-DC, an execution strategy for SoMEN that enables continuous prediction during the campaign (DC). The proposed metrics and framework were applied to some of the main recent presidential elections in Latin America: Argentina (2019), Brazil (2018), Colombia (2018), and Mexico (2018). More than 65,000 posts were collected from the SM profiles of candidates on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram with data from 195 presidential polls. Results have demonstrated that it was possible to achieve a high level of accuracy in predicting the final vote share of the candidates and to make daily predictions, providing competitive or better results than the traditional polls. The strategies put forward in this study have attempted to address several of the current challenges in this research area and have indicated a new manner of how to face the problems. They may also be directly used for predicting future elections in similar scenarios.     

Resource Sharing and Social Justice: An MLIS Student Intern’s Perspective of the 2018 Great Lakes Resource Sharing Conference

This paper presents a library student intern’s experience at the Great Lakes Resource Sharing Conference 2018 (GLRSC) in Perrysburg, Ohio on June 7–8. GLRSC is a regional conference aimed at training resource sharing (RS) professionals and creating a collaborative environment for peers to discuss new ideas, best practices, and partnership opportunities, among other related topics. This paper focuses on GLRSC 2018 presenters who emphasized the inherent value of librarianship, and RS specifically, as a tool for social justice. George Needham’s discussion of the intense and unique value of RS to shape our community’s information access is presented, as well as Anna Bendo and Stephen Kaufman’s session about affordable learning options for students of higher education. The inherent relationship between RS and intellectual freedom is also discussed. These concepts of unconditional information access resonate with Myers due to her interest in outreach librarianship and commitment to her position serving marginalized patrons in her community who have severely limited access to the public library’s resources and materials.     

中国高水平科技期刊微信公众号运营现状及提升策略

以2018年SCI收录的中国大陆213种高水平科技期刊为研究对象,采用调查统计的方法,对其微信公众号的基本情况、推送内容和频率、特色服务项目、传播影响力进行了对比分析,指出了微信公众号运营过程中存在的主要问题,并提出了提升其传播影响力的策略。     

IPC分类修订中的技术演化研究

[目的/意义] 从专利分类修订角度研究技术演化,为技术演化研究提供新思路。[方法/过程] 首先根据IPC分类表H部2009-2018年的修订情况,总结出新增分类、删除分类、类内转移分类、类间转移分类4种修订类型。其次针对分类修订后产生的过档文献提出基于Word2vec+TextCNN模型的过档文献再分类方法,使新旧版分类表通过再分类专利产生衔接。最后结合H部2009年-2018年被修订分类及再分类专利进行技术演化初步探索。[结果/结论] 专利再分类模型可有效解决过档文献问题,为专利再分类工作提供参考,同时可衔接新旧版专利分类表;结合IPC分类修订及再分类专利可分析分类修订中的主要技术演化方向,为技术演化研究提供新视角。     

档案机构的数字转型研究——基于NARA《战略计划2018-2022》的内容分析

本文以文本分析的方法对美国档案与文件署的《战略计划2018-2022》进行梳理与总结,从其政策内容中识别档案机构数字转型的要点.基于分析,本文提出我国档案机构的数字转型可从如下方面予以深入:基于信息深化档案资源建设、优化信息与通讯技术的应用、依托公众参与优化主体协同机制、将创新与学习理念融合于档案机构整体建设中.     

新时代人民日报分词语料库构建、性能及应用(一)——语料库构建及测评

[目的/意义] 构建与新时代相适应的人民日报分词语料库,为中文信息处理提供最新的精标注语料,也为从历时的角度分析现代汉语提供新的语言资源。[方法/过程] 在分析已有汉语分词语料库的基础上,描述所构建新时代人民日报语料库的数据源、标注规范和流程,通过构建分词自动标注模型测评语料库的性能,并与已有语料库进行对比。[结果/结论] 新时代人民日报语料库遵循现代汉语语料库基本加工规范,规模大,时间跨度长。选取其中的2018年1月部分,基于条件随机场构建分词模型,与1998年1月人民日报语料进行性能测评与对比,所得到的各项具体测评指标表明,新时代人民日报语料整体性能突出,1998年语料无法替代,当前构建该语料库非常必要。     

预防医学与公共卫生学综合类中国科技核心期刊2012—2018年计量指标分析

为提升预防医学与公共卫生学综合类中国科技核心期刊学术质量和学术影响力,通过2013—2019年出版的《中国科技期刊引证报告（核心版）》收集总被引频次、影响因子、即年指标、他引率、AR论文量、平均引文数、平均作者数、基金论文比等资料,采用线性混合模型分析2012—2018年各个指标年份间差异及变化趋势,并对总被引频次和影响因子进行排序。结果显示,2012—2018年,预防医学与公共卫生学综合类中国科技核心期刊由16种增加至22种,均为中文期刊,连续收录16种。影响因子、即年指标、AR论文量、平均引文数和平均作者数2012—2018年均呈上升趋势（P < 0.05）,总被引频次、他引率和基金论文比无明显变化趋势（P>0.05）;预防医学与公共卫生学综合类中国科技核心期刊学术质量和学术影响力不断提升。     

基于RFM模型和随机行动者导向模型的技术机会识别

技术机会识别对于研发组织的创新管理具有重要意义,本文以人工智能领域2013—2015年的专利数据为例,提出了一种识别领域内技术机会的新方法。借鉴RFM(recency,frequency,monetary)模型的思路,使用K均值聚类法基于平均出现时间长度、出现频率和组合能力三个指标对知识元素进行聚类,进而发现了能够反映领域内技术发展方向的四个趋势性知识元素。使用随机行动者导向模型对知识网络的演化进行分析,在此基础上提出了发现知识元素的新技术机会的公式,并使用该公式识别出了趋势性知识元素潜在的技术机会。本研究利用人工智能领域2016—2018年的专利数据验证了所提出的方法的有效性,应用3D打印领域2014—2018年的专利数据验证了所提方法的稳健性。     

安徽凤阳小岗村:媒介形象的建构与发展--以《人民日报》487篇报道为例

2018年是改革开放四十周年,以安徽省凤阳县小岗村的包产到户为序拉开了农村改革的序幕。本文对1978—2018年《人民日报》上487篇关于小岗村的报道进行分析,并将这些报道分为三个时间段,发现,第一时间段媒介形象呈现是将小岗村视为农村改革的典型,第二阶段由小岗村的第一书记沈浩来表征小岗村的形象,第三阶段再次用农村改革的典型来呈现小岗村的媒介形象,媒介形象呈现呈回归性报道趋势。通过对487篇报道进行内容分析,试图来探究国家政策如何影响和引导新闻媒体报道,不同新闻文体之间又是如何借用小岗村的形象来证明什么是政治的合法性。     

从“拒绝”订单看档案利用预约平台的使用——以郑州大学档案馆为例

对郑州大学档案馆"档案利用预约平台"上产生的订单数据(时间跨度为2018年11月至2019年12月)进行统计分析,得出平台在使用过程中,存在档案利用者对档案馆工作职能存在认知偏差、主动拒绝和被动拒绝影响使用体验感、业务类型设置不合理的问题。从宣传普及、平台优化以及业务逻辑三方面提出相对应的解决建议,并针对下一步高校档案信息化工作提出了设想。