幼儿园语言教学中游戏的运用探究

幼儿时期是语言发展的黄金时期,将游戏运用于幼儿园语言教学,能激发幼儿学习兴趣,调动幼儿学习的积极性,提高语言教学效果。在幼儿园语言教学中,教师要更新教育观念,优化游戏方案设计;善于观察思考,开发游戏教学资源;尊重理解幼儿,科学指导游戏过程;注重教学评价,促进幼儿全面发展。     

鄙俗时代的雅歌——评王妃的诗集《风吹香》

王妃的诗集《风吹香》清晰地展现了诗人近几年的心路历程,明显带有王妃的生命印记。王妃善于发现和捕捉日常生活的诗性,关注个人的体验、柔情,展示自我灵魂。在一个人人追逐权、色、利的鄙俗时代,《风吹香》就如一首雅歌,用最诗性的思维与语言,把凡俗人生变成了雅致的艺术,让读者领略到了凡俗人生也富有意义与充满乐趣。     

儿童思维发展新论和语文教育的深化改革——对皮亚杰“儿童认知发展阶段论”的质疑

通过基于网络的语文教育跨越式创新试验,发现小学低年级学生的思维与语言能力通过正确的教育和网络的支持,有可能得到大幅度提高。皮亚杰的“儿童认知发展阶段论”存在一些缺陷。作者提出的儿童思维发展新论认为,儿童思维发展应分为:动物思维阶段、初级思维阶段、中级思维阶段、高级思维阶段;儿童从出生到具有熟练口语能力大致经过四个时期。儿童思维发展新论对语文教育的跨越发展可提供三个方面的理论支持:6岁的儿童已具有了较强的学习母语的基础;以语言运用为中心是儿童快速学习语言的根本途径和方法;应将语言能力的培养和思维能力的培养结合起来。     

Professional Development?+?Coaching?=?Enhanced Teaching: Increasing Usage of Math Mediated Language in Preschool Classrooms

In an effort to determine the most efficacious manner to deliver professional development training to early childhood educators, this study investigated the effect of a 2-h workshop followed by side-by-side classroom coaching. Twelve early childhood educators with 4-year degrees teaching in a university child development center participated in the study. The twice weekly classroom observations were analyzed for the use of math mediated language. Results indicate a 56% increase of math mediated language following the professional development; however, the greatest increase (39% increase over professional development condition) occurred during the side-by-side coaching phase of the treatment. These results corroborate previous findings that implementation of teaching strategies presented in professional development trainings can be enhanced by coaching teachers on the use of the strategies.     

幼儿阅读的有声广告——二十分钟听读启蒙教学法对促进幼儿语言发展的实践研究

语言的发展,不仅是幼儿获得知识的必要条件,而且是发展心理,尤其是发展思维的重要前提。听读是幼儿感知和理解语言的行为表现,是发展幼儿口语的基本条件。有关研究表明,幼儿期是语言发展的重要时期,抓住这一关键期,加强幼儿听说能力的培养十分必要。而通过"20分钟听读启蒙教学法"的运用,对促进幼儿语言的发展具有一定的意义。     

语感和语文思维——语文教学的核心

在研讨语感和语文思维本质属性及其特征的同时,阐发了语感和语文思维能力的形成及其发展过程,强调了语感和语文思维能力在听说读写活动中的核心作用,从而明确了语感水平和语文思维能力的高低决定了语文素质的高低,语文教学要想提高语文素质,就必须提高语感水平和语文思维能力。     

Learned adaptations: Teachers’ understanding and use of curriculum resources

This study focused on the use of curriculum materials for three teachers who had enacted instructional sequences from the materials on multiple occasions. The study investigated how the teachers drew on the materials, what they understood about the curriculum resources, and how they connected their use of the materials to their observations of student thinking. There were similarities across the teachers, particularly with respect to their goals and how they read and followed recommendations in the teacher resource materials. There were differences in how their task revisions were in response to what they observed about student thinking. The teacher who most intensively observed student thinking made connections between her interpretations of students’ strategies and her use of the curriculum resources, allowing her to design learned adaptations. Learned adaptations required both an understanding of the design rationale and empirically developed knowledge of how that rationale played out in practice. The empirically developed knowledge could not be totally anticipated by the designers, in part because it developed within a particular context by a teacher with particular characteristics. The case of the teacher who developed learned adaptations showed how these complementary forms of knowledge helped her to use the curriculum resources in ways that enhanced students’ opportunities for sense making. Furthermore, her adaptations were intended to facilitate success not only at the task level, but also across instructional sequences as well. This study also shows how professional vision is not limited to informing only in-the-moment instructional decisions, but also to the use of curriculum materials.     

Understanding the Development of a Hybrid Practice of Inquiry-Based Science Instruction and Language Development: A Case Study of One Teacher’s Journey Through Reflections on Classroom Practice

This qualitative case study looks closely at an elementary teacher who participated in professional development experiences that helped her develop a hybrid practice of using inquiry-based science to teach both science content and English language development (ELD) to her students, many of whom are English language learners (ELLs). This case study examines the teacher’s reflections on her teaching and her students’ learning as she engaged her students in science learning and supported their developing language skills. It explicates the professional learning experiences that supported the development of this hybrid practice. Closely examining the pedagogical practice and reflections of a teacher who is developing an inquiry-based approach to both science learning and language development can provide insights into how teachers come to integrate their professional development experiences with their classroom expertise in order to create a hybrid inquiry-based science ELD practice. This qualitative case study contributes to the emerging scholarship on the development of teacher practice of inquiry-based science instruction as a vehicle for both science instruction and ELD for ELLs. This study demonstrates how an effective teaching practice that supports both the science and language learning of students can develop from ongoing professional learning experiences that are grounded in current perspectives about language development and that immerse teachers in an inquiry-based approach to learning and instruction. Additionally, this case study also underscores the important role that professional learning opportunities can play in supporting teachers in developing a deeper understanding of the affordances that inquiry-based science can provide for language development.     

译者的语感偏离与翻译的超额和亏损

译者作为语言习得者和语言使用者在翻译过程中不可避免地会受到语感的影响。译者可以通过语义感、语法感和语音感来深入理解原作思想内容,传达源语所表达的情感和意义。从语言本质、思维过程与译者语感的关系来看,背离了语言特征的言语行为就是不地道的,这就造成了译语的偏离。从语感研究角度,对译语的超额和亏损问题做一些尝试性探讨。     

打比方在幼儿园语言教学中的应用

3-6岁幼儿处于语言发展的关键期,这一阶段的幼儿认知结构中知觉成分占主导,其思维方式表现为直观形象思维。打比方是幼儿园语言教学中常用的一种方法,这种方法对幼儿具有重要的语言教育价值:打比方为幼儿创造良好的语言环境,有助于其语言的习得;打比方符合幼儿思维发展特点,有益于其学习支架的搭建。在幼儿园语言教学中运用打比方具体体现为:打比方以幼儿已有生活经验为支架加深幼儿记忆,化未知为已知;依靠灵活多变的教学方法激发幼儿兴趣,化抽象为具体;创设具体情境降低知识难度,化深奥为浅显;寓创造于活动之中活跃课堂氛围,化平淡为生动。幼儿园教师在语言教学过程中,要善于巧妙运用打比方,如此方能产生好的教学效果。     

论郑敏的新诗语言观

郑敏以诗人和学者的双重目光透视百年新诗,发现影响新诗发展的最大的问题是语言问题。她以强烈的责任感和使命感,多方寻求解决这一问题的正确途径。一方面,她受西方语言学理论的启发,结合自己的写诗体验,提出了自己的新诗语言观:新诗语言应当是一种发自诗人生命内部的、富有生命感的语言;诗人应当尽量避免使用那些浮躁喧嚣的语言,追求语言的质朴、深沉和玄远;诗歌语言不应当过分透明,而应当是半透明的。另一方面,她从西方回首东方,从中国古典诗歌中获得启示,认为新诗应当找回古典诗词在语言上的"文"性特征,增强新诗的含蓄性;应当借鉴古典诗词在语言表达上的各种特长,增强新诗的艺术魅力;应当继承中国古典诗语的音乐性传统,增强新诗的音乐美。     

手语在听觉障碍儿童认知发展中的作用

和健听儿童相比 ,听觉障碍儿童的认知发展水平要低 ,主要表现为抽象逻辑思维水平低。造成这一结果的主要原因通常被认为是语言的发展不良。我国聋教育主要是以口语教学为主。但是 ,单纯的发展口语是不是最适合听力障碍儿童的认知发展 ?听力障碍儿童使用手语对他们认知发展有何影响 ?本文试从理论剖析和现实中的事例来说明 :对那些不能通过听觉通道来获得口语的听力障碍儿童来说 ,手语的使用在他们的认知发展中有积极的作用     

认知视角下的隐喻功能——基于英语专业学习的思考

隐喻在语言的发展和使用中起着重要的作用。它不仅是一种修辞手法,而且是一种认知方式。文章从认知的视角探讨隐喻的构词扩义功能和语篇衔接功能,并提出把隐喻功能应用到英语专业语言课上,让学生依靠丰富的联想和想象去记忆使用词汇,提高创造性思维能力,从而更加透彻地理解语言并创造性地使用语言,提高语言语用能力。     

在绘画和语言综合活动中发展幼儿创造性思维

人的创造性思维发展的启蒙时期在幼儿阶段，培养幼儿的发散性思维与聚合性思维的统一，能有效发展其创造性思维。根据幼儿的思维发展特点，在绘画和语言综合活动中，采用创设“画”和语言综合活动的环境，注重活动过程及作品展示相结合的形式，适机对幼儿进行启发、引导、激励，对发展幼儿的创造性思维是极为有效的途径。     

Implementation fidelity of MyTeachingPartner literacy and language activities: Association with preschoolers’ language and literacy growth

There is surprisingly little empirical research examining issues of fidelity of implementation within the early childhood education literature. In the MyTeachingPartner project, 154 teachers were provided with materials to implement a supplemental classroom curriculum addressing six aspects of literacy and language development. The present study examines the degree of variability in three aspects of implementation fidelity – dosage, adherence, and quality of delivery – and whether these components of fidelity were associated with children's growth in language and literacy skills across the preschool year. Findings indicate that teachers reported using the curriculum fairly often (dosage) and that they were observed to generally follow curricular lesson plans (adherence). In contrast, the quality of delivery, defined as the use of evidence-based teacher–child interactions for teaching literacy and language, was much lower. Children in classrooms in which activities were observed to last for longer (dosage) and in which teachers exhibited higher quality of delivery of literacy lessons made significantly greater gains in early literacy skills across the preschool year. Also, teachers’ use of higher quality language interactions was associated with gains for children who did not speak English at home. Results have implications for teacher professional development and the supports provided to ensure that curricula are delivered most effectively.     

一位新手教师专业成长的叙事研究

文章运用叙事探究的理念与方法,对甘肃临夏回族自治县一位东乡族女教师的专业成长历程进行了描述、诠释与反思,揭示了她对于教师职业、教师专业发展的理解。研究发现,新教师专业发展的形成与变化受到关键事件、重要他人等主客观因素的影响;自主发展意识与专业追求是教师发展的内在动力。     

庄严而富有诗意地表达——评吴景娅的长篇小说《男根山》

在新世纪以来的中国当代小说创作领域,吴景娅或许还是一个不甚成熟的小说家,但正是这样一位作家以探索者的睿智和独立的思维方式创作出了长篇小说《男根山》。这部长篇小说在哲理思考上最重要的一个立足点,就是要在毫无庄严感的时代坚持对"尊严"之真理的思索。     

现代英语教学与创造性思维力培养

创造教育的主要目标是培养学生的创造能力,而创造能力的高低又取决于创造性思维力水平的高低,所以说,创新教育亦是思维导向的教育。本文从论述创造与创造性思维的关系、思维与语言的关系、语言与创造的关系以及语言教学与思维力培养的关系出发,着重论述了现代英语教学是如何来培养学生的创造性思维力的。     

还原人类童年的生活画卷——论韩少功小说《爸爸爸》的原始思维

韩少功的小说《爸爸爸》展现了一幅人类童年时期的生活画卷。在神灵观念的作用下,这部作品体现出原始思维的神秘性、互渗性、象征性等,其语言具有简洁性、直感性、形象性等原始语言的特征。韩少功以原始思维方式来构建这部作品,有着深刻的社会历史原因,最主要的是受到了拉美魔幻现实主义创作的影响。同时,这部作品独特的创作视角对中国当代文学多元开放格局的形成具有重要意义。     

Rethinking Dąbrowski’s Theory II: It’s Not All Flat Here

Unilevel disintegration, the second level in D?browski’s theory, does not have a structure comparable to the higher levels. It also lacks direction. If so, one is bound to ask what is developmental about it and what, in fact, is developing in level II. Two classsic studies and one of highly gifted adults show three possible kinds of emotional development on the not-so-flat plane of level II: a personal growth from black-and-white to relativistic thinking, from no sense of self to an individual self, and fulfillment of one’s talents as a productive member of society. Viewing the levels as types of development makes clear that the first two levels are not precursors to advanced development.