Competition's Effects on Programming Diversity of Different Program Types

The public interest goals of television sometimes collide with the goals of market-driven broadcast industries. Because market forces have a pronounced effect on the broadcast sector in most countries, it is important to understand the relation between market competition and public interest goals like program diversity. To find a general pattern governing TV programming in a commercial environment, this study examines the relations between competition and diversity trends for programs oriented toward the public interest and for entertainment shows. The results show that overall diversity is a decreasing function of competition, but that competition's effects on diversity differ for informational and cultural programs and dramas. Both the degree of competition and broadcasters' goals for each program genre have important effects on the diversity of television programming.     

新媒体时代广播音乐节目的内容转型

在新媒体时代,广播音乐节目受到了新媒体的强劲冲击。内容为王,广播音乐节目必须在内容上充分发掘自身的优势与不可替代性,提供独具观点、深度整合及可共享的音乐节目,方能在新旧媒体混战中立于不败之地。     

城市台新闻竞争整体效益最大化策略研究——以广州电视台为例

面对日益激烈的新闻竞争,城市电视台要取得新闻整体竞争效益的最大化,就应当确立大新闻观,打造快捷、高效,与城市生活合拍的新闻资讯传播系统;同时实行品牌带动整体跟进的战略,通过新闻节目的本土风格培养观众的认同感;通过为新媒体提供本市视频资讯内容拓展发展空间,培养新生观众。     

Promoting Diversity and Pluralism in Contemporary Communication Policies in the United States and the United Kingdom

Recent revisions of media regulation and legislation have emphasized diversity and pluralism as key objectives. Both the Federal Communication Commission's rewriting of broadcasting ownership rules in 2003 and the United Kingdom government's 2003 Communications Act insist that the public interest is best met through providing a dynamic, market-led approach to communications regulation. This article highlights definitions of diversity and pluralism that are increasingly ubiquitous in legislative and regulatory instruments that seek to "modernize" media systems in our present "communications cornucopia." This approach involves conceptualizing media diversity and media pluralism as twin outcomes of strategies designed to maximize consumer choice and market competition. The article argues that we need to challenge the assumption that meaningful forms of diversity can be brought forth only through market structures and questions the validity of quantitative assessments of media sectors that equate choice and competition with diversity. The article suggests that we need to win back a notion of diversity that is based on citizens' engagement with and interrogation of the world rather than the idea that diversity can be measured simply through the number of organizations and channels in the contemporary media environment.     

Impact of Moderate and Ruinous Competition on Diversity: The Dutch Television Market

This article analyzes how competition in television broadcasting influences diversity of program supply. We argue that competition in oligopolistic broadcasting markets can take different forms, depending on the strategies adopted by broadcasters. We distinguish between moderate and ruinous competition, and discuss under what conditions these types of competition will emerge. We hypothesize that moderate competition improves diversity, whereas ruinous competition produces excessive sameness. We test these hypotheses for the Dutch television market.     

数字出版:文化逻辑与产业规制——以媒介融合为视角

从媒介融合视角分析数字技术推动下数字出版发展的产业扩散和产业集聚的两种趋势,分析媒介融合带来的产业转型和文化变迁;分析数字出版和新媒体环境下形成的文化逻辑,并进而分析数字出版产业带来的文化和规制的矛盾性;从制度经济学角度分析媒介融合背景下数字出版产业发展的核心原动力,指出垄断作用力和竞争作用力达到均衡——"制衡"是数字出版产业健康发展的支点,垄断与竞争并存是数字出版产业规制的主要内容。     

Structure and competition in the U.S. home video game industry

Abstract

The video game industry has continued to grow dramatically over the past decade, cutting into mainstream media in participation and revenues as it becomes part of mainstream media culture. Following the industrial organization model, this paper conceptualizes and systematically analyzes five vertical stages and the key market segments of consoles, handheld and PC‐based games. Genre‐based measures of content show that the different game platforms have varying levels of product diversity, driven by differing levels of risk and rewards. Comparisons in production and distribution are made with other major media. The main conclusion is that the industry is reaching a mature phase with concentration and integration beginning to be found in its stages. A mainstreaming of content is partially countered by a vibrant community of developers, mostly for PC games. As a standard‐based industry, non‐interoperability and network effects continue to play a key role in preserving competition in a field with a shrinking number of firms.     

基于沉浸式媒介的科技馆科学传播模型建构与对策

近年来,伴随着虚拟现实技术的日趋成熟,这一技术手段以其沉浸式的体验、丰富的交互为影像视频、游戏竞技等领域带来了全新的人机交互方案。本文从虚拟现实技术在科技馆中的现实应用与意义出发,探求以虚拟现实技术为代表的沉浸式媒介在科技馆科学传播活动中的应用。本文界定了基于沉浸式媒介的科技馆科学传播过程中的各要素,并形成基于沉浸式媒介的科技馆科学传播模型。基于以上研究,为科技馆使用沉浸式媒介进行科学传播提出建议与对策方案。     

Market Competition and Programming Diversity: A Study on the TV Market in Taiwan

This article investigates the issue of the relation between market competition and programming diversity in Taiwan's TV market. For more than 20 years, Taiwan's TV market had an oligopolistic structure with 3 networks dominating the market. With the popularity of satellite TV during the 1990s, the oligopoly rapidly ended. This study examines how programming diversity was affected by the changing TV market structure in Taiwan. Programming diversity was measured by 3 methods using program data from the 3 networks operating in Taiwan: vertical programming diversity, horizontal programming diversity, and prime-time programming strategies. The results indicate a negative relation between market competition and programming diversity. Although the market competition increased from 1986 to 1996, this study discovered that the degree of programming diversity was reduced year by year.     

Combining Cultural Analytics and Networks Analysis: Studying a Social Network Site with User-Generated Content

Humanities and social sciences require new research approaches to deal with and to benefit from the explosion of digital media. Thanks to large scale data storage and processing, close reading of individual items can be supplemented with analysis of broader trends from massive amounts of data. Cultural Analytics (CA) is a recently developed methodology for the exploration of content and visual form in large image and video collections. It has already been applied to a variety of media types, including TV programs, feature films, newspapers, and video games. However, until now these applications did not take into account the social context of media. In many cases, media artifacts under scrutiny are generated or used by people in a social setting, either in forms of (digital) communities, or in terms of social relations, which can be also analyzed as a valuable source of information. Social network analysis (SNA) is a set of methods for the analysis of human networks, including massive online social networks. In this article, we argue that CA and SNA can be combined synergistically, using data and images from deviantArt, the leading online network of user-created art, as a case study.     

The Application of EC Competition Policy to the Media Industry

This article examines whether European Commission (EC) competition policy and merger control provisions can prevent excessive market power and safeguard open access and consumer choice in the European media and communications industry. The study looks at the structure of the media industry and points to the amalgamation of corporate power. It assesses whether EC competition law and merger provisions can effectively address the dangers of ownership concentration and safeguard diversity of sources. A number of merger cases either blocked or allowed by the EC are reviewed to establish the level of competition. The article suggests that a more rigorous competition policy is required to guarantee competition and prevent domination in merger activity.     

Market Competition and the Media Performance of Taiwan's Cable Television Industry

Using industrial organization as the theoretical framework, this study examines the relation between market competition and the media performance of Taiwan's cable television industry. The media performance of cable television systems is defined as the subscribers' satisfaction with program service, customer service, and community service. A telephone survey was conducted to collect data for the study. This study's findings in general support a positive relation between market competition and media performance, which accords with most previous studies.     

精品节目的界定及其生产机制

随着我国社会经济的发展和电视观众需求的变化,媒体间的竞争日趋激烈,电视媒体与观众之间的关系发生了显著变化。电视媒体要想在激烈的市场竞争中处于有利地位,就必须拿出精品力作,充分认识到生产精品节目的重大意义,创建良好的精品节目生产机制。     

短视频IP的多维成功对电视IP转型的启示

短视频行业的迅速崛起,全面而深刻地影响了广大受众的认知,短视频IP也因此成为内容产业的新宠.电视节目《向往的生活》和短视频李子柒系列虽都以"归园田居"为主题,但后者却取得了更多维度的成功.通过比较分析两个IP元素的构成、可复制性及其蕴藏的理念,可以发现在审美层面参与构建普通人日常生活的意义是短视频IP拥有更高影响力的关...     

Advances in academic video game collections

As mass media and entertainment industries continue to undergo rapid change to keep ahead of trends and consumer demands, libraries must evolve and change along with them to manage these collections. This article will include a look at the UNT Media Library's earlier predictions about their video game and console collection; how practices have changed and will continue to change to support the next ten years of growth; the evolution of outreach to support the growing interest in video games; and the transformation of space to support games on a large university campus.     

电视栏目品牌策略研究

电视栏目竞争日趋激烈,要在电视媒介中占有一席之地,就必要走品牌之路：本文以《全球资讯榜》为例,对电视栏目的品牌定位、品牌识别、品牌传播几个方面做了一个较为具体的分析研究。     

5G通讯对舆情流动作用方式的新特征分析

5G商用翩然将至,其高速率、高带宽和低延时的特性为新闻传播领域的变革提供强大动力。新的时代机遇使舆情监测和舆论引导也出现了新的现象,产生了新的问题。具体来说:由于技术保障提升,舆情事件进一步朝着全时段、即时性发展,这将进一步促动情绪传播的问题凸显。而V R、A R以及高清视频在进一步巩固人们的媒介化生存同时,也为舆情表达和监测提供了新的手段。技术在改造时空感受的同时,也使舆情发酵呈现出累计和对冲、衍生等多样式的动态变化。面临这些新的机遇和挑战,梳理新的媒介素养观念,强化对公众情绪控制和情绪合理表达的涵养教育;平衡算法与价值、个人需求与公共利益;坚持党管媒体都是5 G时代加强舆论引导和社会管理的重要抓手。     

试析欧洲报业对文化多样性的保护

在当前报业激烈竞争的环境下,竞争结果往往是对报业及文化多样性的损害。欧洲报业却通过以下方式努力保持报业及文化的多样性:社会政策法规鼓励出版自由和表达自由,对垄断和媒介集中有相应的规范;VAT控制模式通过影响报纸的成本而促进报业的多种类存在;报纸资助制度则由国家对报纸进行资助,以保存传统文化及报纸种类的多元化。     

Digital media education for Korean youth

As youth in contemporary societies grow increasingly dependent on digital media, media education has become a policy consideration, particularly in wired parts of the non-Western world. Due to rapid adoption rates, media penetration, and positive attitudes toward new and innovative technologies, Korea presents an ideal test case for understanding the everyday impact of digital media. The purpose of this paper is to examine the national policies and public discourse concerning digital media education in a rapidly growing market. Specifically, this study considers the development of a standardized educational program for youth in Korea. To frame this analysis, we present an overview of the types of digital media education and trends at the national policy level among English-speaking countries. This is supported by a review of literature focusing on the use of digital media among youth, supplemented by current digital media usage statistics among Korean youth and an overview of Korean government policy programs. A case study of Web site analysis is presented to illustrate implications and stimulate discussion regarding educational policy.     

WHO NEEDS OR DELIVERS DIVERSITY TRAINING?

This article engages with key questions concerning diversity training issues and trends related to media professionals in contemporary Europe. It draws on interviews with 68 senior journalists and media professionals working in six Member States of the European Union. The study on which this article is based included interview questions on four aspects of ethno-cultural diversity in European media (content, recruitment, newsmaking and training), for which interviewees were asked to comment generally and in respect of their own media organisations. This particular article focuses on responses given to questions about diversity training. On the whole, our research finds considerable variation across Member States in terms of opportunities provided for diversity training yet also that interviewees (in the main) are broadly supportive of it, if somewhat hesitant about its implementation and likely effects.

For a full explanation of the methodology of the research project, please see the introduction in this themed section: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2012.740213.