英、法、汉否定词对比——英、法、汉否定结构对比研究之一

否定是最常见的语言现象之一,英语、法语、汉语各有一套否定词语,三种语言的否定词语既有相同之处,又有着明显的区别;通过对英、法、汉三种语言的否定词语的对比分析,使中国学生、尤其是英语专业和法语专业的学生能恰当地使用中介语,更好地学习、理解、掌握和应用目的语,从而促进外语教学和跨文化沟通。     

英、法、汉双重否定句浅谈——英、法、汉否定结构对比研究之二

否定是最常见的语言现象之一,英语、法语、汉语都存在双重否定句,三种语言的双重否定句既有相同之处,又有着明显的区别;通过对英、法、汉三种语言的双重否定句的对比分析,使中国学生,尤其是英语专业和法语专业的学生能恰当地使用中介语,更好地学习、理解、掌握和应用目的语,从而促进外语教学和跨文化沟通。     

Political Transitions and the Internationalisation of English: Implications for Language Planning,Policy-making and Pedagogy

Languages change and adapt to new political, socio-cultural and economic realities, and people change in terms of their attitudes towards languages, the languages they learn, the circumstances in which they use those languages and the purposes they use them for. These changes have important implications for language planning and language policy, and for determining the ends and means of language teaching. This paper outlines the different roles and functions of English and attitudes towards the language during its transition from colonial language to international lingua franca. I argue that attitudes, and particularly the attitudes of those involved in the English language teaching ‘industry’, have failed to take these changes adequately into account. The paper distinguishes between international and intra-national purposes for using English, and considers the target language proficiency, curriculum content and the ideal teachers for a notional international (as opposed to intranational) variety of English. The paper concludes that identifying such a variety would free the international language from native-speaker, and other, ethnocentrisms, and from any remaining colonial or neo-colonial assumptions of cultural and linguistic superiority. Defining International English in this way would also make it easier, quicker and cheaper to learn.     

Social and Dimensional Comparisons in the Formation of German Students’ Language Self-Concepts

Abstract

This study extended the internal/external reference model to multiple languages including students’ language of instruction, first foreign language, and second foreign language. We examined whether social and dimensional comparisons play similar roles in the formation of students’ self-concept related to different languages and whether dimensional comparisons result in contrast or assimilation effects. All students had German as the language of instruction and English as the first foreign language. Students were divided into a subsample (N?=?487) learning French as a second foreign language and a subsample (N?=?481) learning Latin. Invariance tests demonstrated that the achievement–self-concept relations were similar across the subsamples, but interesting group differences became apparent when analyzing the French and Latin subsamples separately.     

广东省独立学院外语专业特色研究

广东省独立学院的外语专业一般开设英语、日语、德语、朝鲜语、法语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语七个专业。调查表明,广东省所有独立学院都开设了英语专业,且设置的方向也最多。日语专业仅次于英语专业,开设的独立学院有10所。而德语专业、朝鲜语专业、法语专业与阿位伯语专业等,开设的院校一般只有一至两所,且招生人数很少。各独立学院要在激烈的专业竞争中立于不败之地,就必须突出专业特色,发展自己的品牌优势。     

Why Algerian students struggle to achieve in English Literature: an appraisal of possible root causes

This article examines the challenges experienced by Arabic-speaking students and lecturers at meeting the proposed learning outcomes in English Literature (EL) at a residential university in Algeria. An overview of the history of foreign languages (French and English) in the curricula in Algerian schools and tertiary education institutions has been provided to identify possible contributing factors and underlying causes of the challenges faced in teaching and learning EL today. The authors believe that current practice and attitudes towards foreign language teaching and learning have not developed in a vacuum, but need to be positioned within the context of past events. Three overarching factors that emerged from the empirical dimension of the study that appears to inhibit success in EL studies were inappropriate teaching strategies, inadequate language proficiency and poor student self-efficacy.     

浅议对比法在二外日语教学中的运用

高校二外的学习时间非常有限,如何在有限的时间里提高学生的学习水平,是值得所有教师探讨的重要问题。比较是语言学研究的一种基本方法,在二外日语教学中我们可以通过恰当对比日语与汉语、英语的异同,来加深学生的印象,使他们的学习更加有效。     

The Effect of Globalisation in Africa and the Choice of Language in Publishing

This article shows us some of the problems of the domination of the ex-colonial languages for intellectual life in Africa. The author notes that English serves fundamentally the interests of those for whom it is both an export commodity and a language of conquest and domination. He argues that there is no compelling reason for adopting a foreign language as a national one. On the contrary, there is ample evidence that such linguistic imposition does more harm than good. When a language is artificially imposed, students are rarely able to master it sufficiently to work comfortably in it. Not only do they fail to acquire proficiency in the foreign language; they also lose proficiency in their own languages, becoming twice disadvantaged. The author sees dependency on a foreign language, like other forms of dependency, as a liability that a nation can ill afford. He quotes Ali Mazrui who raises the question: Will Africa ever effectively "take off" when it is so tightly held hostage to the languages of the former imperial masters?     

Language and schooling in Morocco

The prevailing language situation in Morocco is quite complex due to the presence and interference of three Berber dialects, three variant forms of colloquial Arabic, two foreign languages (French and Spanish) and one national language, classical Arabic. This article seeks to examine the educational implications of this multilingualism. For this purpose, a three-step analysis is carried out, involving a summary presentation of the linguistic setting in Morocco, an outline of the language situation in the schooling system and an assessment of the pedagogical impact of these factors. Two main conclusions are reached on the basis of this analysis. First, it appears that the language policy constitutes a major source of wastage in educational terms. Second, there is a close relationship between socio-cultural origin and the vehicles of instruction used at school, which introduces an element of social bias in the educational process. The object in which power has become inscribed, in all human eternity, is: language. Roland Barthes     

The Effect of Globalisation in Africa and the Choice of Language in Publishing

This article shows us some of the problems of the domination of the ex-colonial languages for intellectual life in Africa. The author notes that English serves fundamentally the interests of those for whom it is both an export commodity and a language of conquest and domination. He argues that there is no compelling reason for adopting a foreign language as a national one. On the contrary, there is ample evidence that such linguistic imposition does more harm than good. When a language is artificially imposed, students are rarely able to master it sufficiently to work comfortably in it. Not only do they fail to acquire proficiency in the foreign language; they also lose proficiency in their own languages, becoming twice disadvantaged. The author sees dependency on a foreign language, like other forms of dependency, as a liability that a nation can ill afford. He quotes Ali Mazrui who raises the question: Will Africa ever effectively "take off" when it is so tightly held hostage to the languages of the former imperial masters?     

ALICE: Acquisition of linguistic items in the context of examples

Most natural language terms-such as verbs, nouns, conjunctions, prepositions-have a context-dependent meaning. The dependence of the meaning on the context changes with languages. This variability accounts for many errors made by students while learning a foreign language.ALICE is an interactive system which relies on a pragmatic representation of conceptual differences of linguistic terms in several languages (currently, subordinate conjunctions in English, French and Italian) and offers diagnostic and remedial strategies for mistakes made by a student in translating from or into any of the available languages.     

母语阅读态度迁移对外语阅读态度的影响

阅读理解是一个复杂的心理思维过程,阅读态度是影响阅读理解效果的一个重要的情感因素.阅读态度是一个复杂的理论体系,它涵盖认知、情感和意动等方面的内容.有关研究表明,母语阅读态度和外语阅读态度之间有一定的关联性.文章通过对运城学院外语系、中文系和数学系的291名学生进行问卷调查和英语水平测试,试图探讨:1)母语阅读态度和外语阅读态度之间有何区别;2)母语阅读态度是否向外语阅读迁移;3)外语水平是否会对这种迁移产生影响等问题.研究结果为外语阅读教学提供了有益的启示.     

近二十年来国内语言态度研究考证

文章讨论了语言态度的定义问题,总结近20年来现有文献中语言态度的研究概况并归纳为5类：少数民族语言态度研究、汉语与外语的态度差异、共同语与方言的态度差异、不同群体语言变体的研究和其他研究,进一步讨论了这5类研究的贡献和不足,探讨了语言态度研究的方法论问题及对未来的展望。     

Exporting the European Idea of a National Language: Some Educational Implications of the Use of English and Indigenous Languages in the Philippines

The Philippines has a bilingual education policy, using English and a major indigenous language, Tagalog, renamed "Filipino". This article describes a study on the problem facing approximately two thirds of the population who do not have English or Filipino as their first or home language. Senior secondary school students were asked abut their attitudes towards English, Filipino and their home language (Cebuana, Ilocano or Waray). Attitudes to the three languages differed. Some respondents favoured Filipino over English, others vice versa. Most respondents showed attachment to their home languages. The study concluded that it is possible for Filipinos to be literate in their mother tongue and still be fluent in Filipino, as the national language of the country, with English continuing in its role as the international language.     

英法比较对二外法语学习的影响

英语和法语两者之间存在着许多联系,既有共性,又有特性.本文通过语音、词汇及语法三方面对这两种语言的共性及特性进行比较,在二外法语学习中促进正迁移,抑制负迁移.帮助英语专业的学生更好的进行二外法语的学习.     

深圳高校教师志愿者的语言态度与世界英语教学

本文以深圳大运会中的深圳高校教师志愿者对世界英语及世界英语教学的态度为背景,发现他们的语言态度总体趋于保守,内圈英语的辨识度普遍高于外圈英语。大运后的教师访谈显示教师志愿者对世界英语的语言态度呈现多元化趋势,且在语言偏见和文化定型上显示出一定的矛盾性。多数受访教师志愿者认为有必要在今后的教学中融入各种英语变体的认知,以增强高校学生的跨文化交际能力,也为职业外语教学改革提供具有跨文化参考价值的实证和依据。     

语言迁移与英语和法语的条件句比较研究

乔姆斯基提出的普遍语法理论使语言迁移成为可能。英语和法语有着很深的历史渊源,对英语和法语进行对比分析,比较两种语言的异同,有助于有良好英语知识的学习者开始法语学习。从条件句,特别是非真实奈件句的比较研究可以看出,英语和法语之间有很多的语言相似性。因此,我们应该充分发挥学生已掌握英语的优势,因势利导,发挥语言正迁移作用,促进学生法语习得。     

二外法语语音习得中的英语迁移

迁移是研究语言习得的一个重要概念。法语由于其与英语的特殊关系以及长期受到英语学习的影响,英语专业的学生在学习二外法语时倾向用英语知识来构建法语,从而带来了正负双重迁移。基于此,从英语和法语的迁移理论着手,结合两种语言在语音方面的异同比较,分析探讨英语专业学生在二外法语语音习得阶段,如何合理利用迁移定势,促进正迁移,从而更好地学习二外法语。     

二外法语教学现状浅析

二外法语是英语专业的一门比较重要的专业必修课,由于法语自身的难度较大,现有的课程设置学时不足和学生兴趣不高等原因,现在英语专业学生的二外法语学习并不理想。该文旨在针对现有的二外法语教学所存在的问题进行分析,并且尝试提供相应的改进措施以便达到提升教师教学效率和学生学习兴趣的目的。     

Can pluralistic approaches based upon unknown languages enhance learner engagement and lead to active social inclusion?

One way to foster active social inclusion is to enable students to develop a positive attitude to “foreignness”. Creating a situation where mainstream students are less wary of foreign languages and cultures, and where newcomers feel their linguistic background is being valued, provides favourable conditions for the inclusion of these newcomers in the classroom and in society. However, language classrooms in French schools rarely take any previously acquired linguistic knowledge into account, thus unconsciously contributing to the rift between multilingual learners (e.g. 1st- and 2nd-generation immigrant children, refugees, children of parents with different mother tongues) and French learners. Native French learners’ first experience of learning another language is usually when English is added as a subject to their curriculum in primary school. In some schools in France, English lessons now include the simulation of multilingual situations, designed in particular for the French “quasi-monolingual” students to lose their fear of unknown languages and “foreignness” in general. But the overall aim is to help both groups of learners become aware of the positive impact of multilingualism on cognitive abilities. However, to achieve long-term effects, this awareness-raising needs to be accompanied by maximum engagement on the part of the students. This article explores an instructional strategy termed Pluralistic Approaches based upon Unknown Languages (PAUL), which was designed to develop learning strategies of quasi-monolingual students in particular and to increase learner engagement more generally. The results of a small-scale PAUL study discussed by the author seem to confirm an increase in learner engagement leading to an enhancement of learning outcomes. Moreover, PAUL seems indeed suitable for helping to prepare the ground for social inclusion.