棉花新品种数量性状的因子分析与通径分析

对河南省2006及2007年16个春棉区试资料的植株、产量因素和纤维品质共17个数量性状进行因子分析结果得出：选择植株中等偏高、果枝始节低、果枝台数多的植株性状,与株铃多、铃重高的产量性状,可同步提高衣分,为选育高产棉花品种的有效途径,但对纤维的长、细度及纺纱指数的间接选择效果不明显．通径分析表明,株铃与铃重呈负相关,选择时应两者兼顾,不可顾此失彼．植株中等偏高与果枝数多的性状,主要是通过增加株铃起增产作用,果枝始节低的性状,能极显著提高衣分而获致皮棉增产．     

棉花新品种数量性状的主成分分析与通径分析

对河南省2006及2007年16个春棉区试资料的植株、产量因素和纤维品质共17个数量性状进行主成分分析结果,前4个主成分对所考察性状总变异的累计贡献率达83.89%,反映了所有性状绝大部分信息.分析表明,选择植株中等偏高、果枝始节低、果枝台数多、株铃多、铃重高的性状,可同步提高衣分,增加皮棉及霜前皮棉,为选育高产棉花品种的有效途径,但对纤维的长、细度及纺纱指数的间接选择效果不明显.通径分析表明,由于株铃与铃重呈负负相关,选择时必须两者兼顾,不能顾此失彼,植株中等偏高和果枝台数多的性状,主要是通过增加株铃起增产作用,果枝始节低的性状能极显著提高衣分而导致皮棉增产.     

甜玉米含糖量与部分品质性状的相关通径分析

对甜玉米含糖量与部分品质性状之间进行相关通径分析.结果表明：甜玉米含糖量与维生素C含量呈显著正相关（r=0.5768^＊＊）〉淀粉含量（r=-0.1655）〉蛋白质含量（r=-0.0395）,通径分析和相关分析结果相一致.     

花生主要农艺性状和产量的相关、回归与通径分析

采用相关回归和通径分析,研究了15个花生品种的主要农艺性状与产量的相互关系.结果表明单株果数与饱果数对株产的影响最大,是花生品种选育的主要目标性状和高产栽培的主攻方向.主茎高的植株,生长势强,单株结果多,特别在干旱少雨年份,对株高的选择收效更佳.     

褐牙鲆生长性状的相关与通径分析

选取70尾2年龄以上的褐牙鲆,测量了全长（X1）、体长、头长（X3）、吻长、体高、尾柄高（X6）和体质量（Y）7项生长性状.采用相关分析、通径分析和多元回归分析,剔除了与全长有共线性的体长及回归方程中不显著的吻长和体高,计算了全长、体长、头长等6个性状与体质量的相关系数以及以全长、头长和尾柄高对体质量通径系数和决定系数,定量分析褐牙鲆生长性状对体质量的影响.结果表明,褐牙鲆6个生长性状均与体质量的相关系数有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;头长对体质量的直接影响（0.365）最大;3个主要生长性状与体质量的决定系数和为0.948.应用逐步多元回归方法,建立了全长、头长和尾柄高对体质量的线性回归方程：Y=-4 123.461＋34.115X1＋168.733X3＋412.045X6,相关系数R=0.974.     

玉米数量性状的相关遗传力分析

对３５个玉米杂交组合的１０个数量性状进行了相关遗传力分析,结果表明,穗重,株高,百粒重,行粒数４个性状与单株粒重具有较高的相关遗传力,通过它们对单株粒重进行相关选择,可靠性较大,穗重,穗行数,行粒数３个性状对单株粒重的直接效应较大,百粒重,株高居中,穗重,行粒数对单株产量具有较大的影响,是间接选择的重要目标性状。在选择强度相同时,通过其它各性状间接选择的效率均比对单株粒重的直接选择效率低。     

典型相关分析在玉米遗传育种中的应用研究

以18个玉米品种为材料,根据生物学意义将14个性状归纳为3个性状组,对性状和性状组基因型值进行相关分析和典型相关分析,同时建立了由多个农艺性状间接改良品质性状的综合选择指数。结果表明：对产量影响最大的因素是产量构成因素（穗粒重、千粒重、出籽率）,而农艺性状与产量构成因素以正相关为主,因此可以同步改良农艺性状和产量构成因素以进一步提高产量潜力。粗淀粉含量与主要农艺性状、产量构成因素呈正相关,可以通过间接辅助选择选育高产高淀粉玉米新品种。     

粳稻新品种产量与产量性状的逐步回归及通径分析

研究常规粳稻的产量性状对产量的效应,为粳稻育种实践中选择相关性状提供信息.采用逐步回归与通径分析方法,对2011年河南省粳稻新品种区试结果进行分析.结果表明:各因素对产量的最终效应(绝对值)为:穗总粒数＞千粒重＞穗长＞公顷穗数,穗总粒数、穗长均为正效应,千粒重、公顷穗数均为负效应,公顷穗数通过穗长、穗总粒数对产量的间接负效应较强.穗数每增加1万穗/hm2,增产31.03 kg/hm2;穗长每增加1 cm/穗,增产203.17 kg/hm2;穗总粒数每增加1粒/穗,增产20.46 kg/hm2;而千粒重每增(减)1g,产量减(增)71.55 kg/hm2.模拟得出稻谷产量8 265～10 125 kg/hm2的产量结构为:公顷穗数316.48～323.15万穗/hm2,穗长17.63～18.89 cm,穗总粒数119.21～147.07粒/穗,千粒重22.35～24.82 g.在高产育种实践中应以增穗总粒数和穗长、适控总穗数、保千粒重为主攻方向,各产量因素优化协调是实现粳稻高产目标的根本保障.     

A canonical correlation analysis of demographic information and the behavior problem checklist

The purpose of the present study was to do a canonical correlation analysis of demographic information and the Behavior Problem Checklist (BPCL) in order (a) to employ the demographic information in a manner that had not been possible using other methods, and (b) to examine the four factors on the BPCL as a general measure of mental health and mental illness. Subjects were 2,314 children who differed in grade in school, sex, social class, ethnic group status, and type of class in school (i.e., regular or special education). Teachers provided the demographic information and the BPCL ratings. It was found that the four factors on the BPCL were significantly correlated. It was also found that there were four canonical correlations between the demographic information and the BPCL ratings of which three were and one was not significant. The meanings of the four canonical correlations were described for the demographic information and for the four factors on the BPCL.     

A suppressed gene in integument cells of a fiberless seed mutant in upland cotton

A fiberless seed mutant (fl) was identified in a commercial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety Xu-Zhou 142 (FL). This phenotype is associated with lack of fiber cell initiation in the outer integument of the ovule, as was characterized by analysis of genes related to fiber differentiation and development. Two genes, fl-E6 and FL-E6, were cloned from fl-integument cells and FL-fiber or integument cells, respectively. Compared with FL-E6, fl-E6 showed a dramatic change in nucleotide sequence: (1) FL-E6 contained a tandem repetitive sequence in which GGCTCA (Gly-Ser) is repeated five times between the 82nd and the 93rd codon from the first ATG codon, while in fl-E6 the same sequence is repeated four times; (2) The fl-E6 gene encodes a polypeptide of 241 amino acids but lacks two codons between the 90th and 93rd codon and three between the 171st and 174th relative to FL-E6; (3) There are also 12 nucleotide substitutions which would result in 7 amino acid differences between fl-E6 and FL-E6. Analysis of RT-PCR and Northerm Blot showed that expression of the fl-E6 gene is suppressed in the fl-integument cells, but highly expressed in FL-fiber cells. The difference between fl-E6 and FL-E6 may be associated with lower expression of fl-E6 in the fl-integument cells. Searches of protein databases with the FL-E6 gene sequence showed similarity to the protein backbones of two arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), one from the filtrate of suspension-cultured cells ofPyrus cornmunis (AGPPc2) and the other fromNicotiana alata (AGPNa2). Although the function of the FL-E6 protein in differentiation and development of cotton fiber cells is not known, the data indicate that the mutation of fl-E6 gene from FL-E6 gene may inhibit the fiber cell initiation from epidermal cells of the outer integument of the ovule. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 39770473 and 30170058), National Program of Plant Gene Transfer (J00-B-002-10), National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2001AA212081), and Research Program of Ministry of Education of China (No. 0114)     

创新 闯新

创新教育势在必行 ,努力提高学生创新能力 ,创新必须闯新     

棉花区试品种的数量性状因子分析与聚类分析及综合评价

为对棉花区试品种进行聚类分析与综合评价,将参加新疆自治区2008年棉花品种区试（早中熟2组）的11个品种包括早熟性、产量因素和纤维品质共17个数量性状进行因子分析.结果表明：前6个公因子对所考察性状总变异的累计方差贡献率达93.42%,反映了所考察性状绝大部分变异信息.根据各品种在各公因子上的得分值,以各因子对总变异的贡献率为权重,计算各品种的综合得分并排序,列前3名的依次为40428,THK-331,锦科255,它们高产优质,综合表现突出.据各品种在各公因子上的得分将11个供试品种从早熟、产量和品质的差异聚为4大类.第Ⅰ类有THK-331、40428、K-263、锦科255共4个品种,属较高产、中上质类品种;第Ⅱ类含99-6、M2、中49（CK）3个品种,为中高产量、中质类品种;第Ⅲ类有康地3052和99-9两个品种,为中产量、中下质类品种;第Ⅳ含X11006和9816两个品种,属高产、较优质类品种,并指出各类品种的主要产量与品质性状改良目标.综合评价结果与各品种的实际表现基本吻合.     

抗虫棉抗虫特性及品种稳定性分析

在八个不同的试验点,以不治虫（CK_1）和治虫（CK_2）两种处理的泗棉3号品种为对照,研究了六个抗虫棉品种的抗虫特性和品种稳定性。结果表明,六个抗虫棉品种对棉铃虫具有高度抗性,产量表现也较好。各品种稳定程度不同,1号和2号品种具有较好的品种稳定性。     

浅析形声字在汉字简化中的意义

形声字是构成汉字形体的基本形式,形声字的产生在汉字发展过程中具有十分重要的地位。这不仅是因为形声字在汉字中所占比例之高,还由于它在推动汉字简化过程中的特殊作用。形声字的简化主要有三种形式,即"省形"、"省声"和"省形省声"。对形声字"省形"、"省声"现象的研究,有助于我们更好地把握和应用汉字简化规律。     

高校立德树人的路径探析

党的十八大提出:"把立德树人作为教育的根本任务。"高校是培养德智体美全面发展的高素质人才的主阵地,应通过加强高校的德育队伍建设、德育课程建设、管理服务建设、校园文化建设、体制机制建设等来构建立德树人的系统工程。