试论互联网控制权的走向

2005年11月“信息社会世界峰会”突尼斯阶段会议,各方就世界互联网控制权而展开激烈争论。本文援引美国学者约瑟夫·奈提出的“软权力”理论和奈关于互联网的论述,对这场争论做了一种解读,简要阐述了现阶段软权力对全球互联网信息交流的影响和发展走向。     

Saudi Arabian Librarianship

This paper reflects on factors that need to be considered for establishment of an equitable knowledge society that will secure the Indigenous Knowledge space. While information communication technology facilitates the capture of a predominantly oral-based indigenous knowledge, its contribution to exploitative approaches to information access, also encourages the development of such knowledge as a commodity for competitive advantage, a factor that requires serious consideration. The basis for this consideration should be the World Summit on the information Society (WSIS) Principles which provide the promise of equitable access to information as a base for creation of the knowledge society through ethically grounded information use and sharing.     

Information transformation Africa: Indigenous knowledge – Securing space in the knowledge society

This paper reflects on factors that need to be considered for establishment of an equitable knowledge society that will secure the Indigenous Knowledge space. While information communication technology facilitates the capture of a predominantly oral-based indigenous knowledge, its contribution to exploitative approaches to information access, also encourages the development of such knowledge as a commodity for competitive advantage, a factor that requires serious consideration. The basis for this consideration should be the World Summit on the information Society (WSIS) Principles which provide the promise of equitable access to information as a base for creation of the knowledge society through ethically grounded information use and sharing.     

Measuring ICT usage quality for information society building

In 2003 the World Summit on Information Society made a call for measuring the state of Information Society (IS) building between countries. The purpose of the measuring was to assess and compare IS practices around the globe as well as share best practices. A number of measurement tools have since been developed, and a number of previously constructed tools have been employed to fulfil this goal. Even though many variations in terms of indicators have been employed, the construction of measurement tools is subject to certain limitations. One limitation is that they do not incorporate these indicators on the actual levels of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) usage off the country's stakeholders. This paper analyses the most currently used indices for measuring the state of Information Society building from the perspective of their constituent indicators. Based on the analysis, an alternative framework for IS measurement, addressing the important aspects of ICT usage quality, is developed based on data from the EU member states. By applying the framework on measuring of ICT usage quality at Romania, Cyprus and Estonia, the usefulness is tested positive, and the need to evaluate the actual levels of ICT usage for the purpose of better policy-making, while establishing an information society, is accentuated.     

全球信息社会建设动向及我们的应对

本文总结和归纳了信息社会世界峰会（WSIS）的动向、目标、成就和贡献,论及了面对全球信息社会建设热潮和WSIS的两阶段会议,国际图书馆协会联合会（IFLA）所采取的行动和成果,分析了IFLA面对信息社会建设所采取的立场和观点,阐明了图书情报专业团体和专业人员针对信息社会建设已经采取的和应该采取的必要的应对措施。     

From Practice to Theory and back to Practice: Reflexivity in Measurement and Evaluation for Evidence-based Policy Making in the Information Society

This article presents a comprehensive review of literature and practice on the measurement and evaluation of ICT impact in general and of selected public eServices (eGovernment, eHealth, and eInclusion), within the context of the Information Society paradigm. It calls for a sustained meta-level analysis, in which it is important to have a self-reflexive layer where we evaluate and measure how we evaluate and measure, and what the implications and the trade-offs are. The analysis justifies the call for reflexivity as a necessary step towards advancing our understanding of the impact of ICT within the Information Society domains observed. The article concludes presenting some possible ways of re-coupling the conceptual and technical dimensions of the measurement process and linking the production of measurement data more closely with impact evaluation causal models and hypotheses. It suggests that this could be achieved by refocusing on the micro level and stimulating a gradual micro-macro link through an intermediate (meso) level, which effects need to be described using different measurements and evaluation paradigms. In order to do so it is required to refine and test our theories and models to find out where it would be most feasible to scale up to the global (macro) level and to shape and inform the production of more valid measurement indicators for better informing evidence-based policy making in the Information Society.     

基于被引生命周期的期刊被引的比较研究

在对国内期刊被引研究成果的基础上,结合生命周期理论,提出被引生命周期的概念和被引比例的指标。基于该指标,研究发现Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology（JASIST）、Journal of Information Science（JIS）和Scientometrics 3种期刊在被引生命周期内的被引存在一定的差异。其中,JASIST发表的论文在前半个被引生命周期内被研究人员引用较多,Scientometric发表的论文在后半个生命周期内被引用较多,JIS发表论文的被引情况则在整体上与Scientometric相近。     

《俄罗斯信息社会发展战略》研究

《俄罗斯信息社会发展战略》是俄罗斯从国家高度对信息社会发展的基础原则、基本目标、国家责任、优先发展内容、预期指标等的宏观部署与战略规划。《俄罗斯信息社会发展战略》的实施存在诸多不利因素,为此需提供全方位的保障,包括法律制度保障、协调管理机构保障、具体计划措施保障等。我国的《2006—2020年国家信息化发展战略》与《俄罗斯信息社会发展战略》在内容上有相近之处,《俄罗斯信息社会发展战略》设定信息化发展数量指标及为此采取的措施,对我国信息化战略实施具有启示和借鉴作用。     

Analyzing digital divide within and between member and candidate countries o f European Union

The main purpose of this study is to analyze whether a digital divide exists among European Union (EU) members, new members, and candidate countries. Beyond this, the second goal is to find out if a digital divide has a significant association with the process of becoming an EU member. First, member, new member, and candidate countries are classified into three groups, and MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) is applied to determine differences among these groups in terms of Information Society levels. Then, Information Society variables are analyzed using Discriminant Analysis. According to the results of the research, there is a significant level of digital divide in the EU and a certain information society level currently is not associated with EU membership. The EU must address the digital divide among member countries if they are to become a close-knit community, and to continue to be one of the most competitive economic powers in the world. Finaly, the EU might consider using information society level as an objective criteria along with other objective and subjective criteria currently being used as EU membership criteria.     

《情报学报》被引的定量分析

文章依据南京大学中国社会科学研究评价中心研制的《中文社会科学引文索引》(CSS CI) (1998)数据库 ,对《情报学报》载文被CSSCI(1998)来源期刊的引用情况进行统计分析和评价     

以信息构建与信息交互为定位的信息管理专业教育

欧美诸多大学以iSchool运动为契机对信息管理专业教育目标进行重新定位,并开展一系列课程体系建设与改革。本文采用网络调查、案例分析等研究方法对美国26所iSchool院校信息管理专业的教育设置情况展开调查,在与2008年调查数据对比分析的基础上,归纳总结出美国iSchool院校的教育规模与专业名称的变化及发展趋势。研究发现:信息构建与信息交互教育成为美国信息管理专业教育的新定位;信息构建与信息交互教育在信息管理专业各层次教育中均有开展;我国信息构建与信息交互教育滞后但人才需求巨大;我国应该在明确信息管理专业定位差异的前提下采用多种方式开展信息构建与信息交互教育,并逐步建立相关课程体系,设置相应课程内容。表7。参考文献40。     

Two societies: Duality,contradictions…and integration: A progress report on South Africa

This paper examines the extent to which the South African Library and Information Science (LIS) agenda maps to the national agenda for the reconstruction and development of the country, which is geared to the elimination of poverty and inequality. The nation has been described as comprising two societies: the one modern and well developed, the other characterised by masses of people living in dire poverty. The mandate of LIS in South Africa includes supporting and stimulating the technological and information development of all communities and providing effective LIS education to meet this goal. The government has embraced the concept of the Information Society, emphasising the link between economic growth and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and has pointed to the need for information literacy education. We present a critique of the fit between LIS policies and practices (including the curriculum) and the needs of an emerging democracy and its development goals, challenged by the duality of globalisation and marginalisation.     

我国情报学非正式学术共同体的构建——基于1998-2012年《情报学报》的计量分析

《情报学报》已成为汇聚情报学研究人员的旗帜,是我国情报学非正式学术共同体的主要纽带与平台,在情报学非正式学术共同体的形成与构建中发挥了重要作用。本文利用相关数据库收录的1998——2012年间《情报学报》所发论文和引文数据,对情报学非正式学术共同体的知识资源、核心主体、主题领域和学科交流等进行分析,结果表明,《情报学报》已形成一个情报学研究的非正式学术共同体。     

The Impact Factor: Implications of Open Access on Quality

The Future Voices in Public Services column is a forum for students in graduate library and information science programs to discuss key issues they see in academic library public services, to envision what they feel librarians in public service have to offer to academia, to tell us of their visions for the profession, or to tell us of research that is going on in library schools. We hope to provide fresh perspectives from those entering our field, in both the United States and other countries. Interested faculty of graduate library and information science programs who would like their students’ ideas represented in these pages are invited to contact Nancy H. Dewald at nxd7@psu.edu.

Sara E. Grozanick is a student in the School of Information and Library Science (SILS) at the Pratt Institute, New York. Recognizing the significance of the Open Access movement to the advancement of scholarship, here she writes a bibliographic essay on research into the citation impact of open access journal articles.

The School of Information and Library Science (SILS) at the Pratt Institute located in Manhattan and offering LIS education since 1890, features a curriculum based on Cultural Informatics and World Information, Society & Environments (WISE). The program reflects the arts orientation of Pratt and its alliance with cultural institutions in the city such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Public Library, and the Brooklyn Museum. The nearly 400 students who attend Pratt-SILS onsite have the opportunity to select a master's program resulting in a MS in Library and Information Science or a MSLIS with Library Media Specialist Certification, archives certificate, or dual degree programs resulting in a MSLIS/MS History of Art, a MSLIS/MFA Digital Arts, or a MSLIS/JD with Brooklyn Law School.

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全国文化信息资源共享工程南方(浙江)镜像站建设

全国文化信息资源共享工程国家中心网站置于北方网通的环境中,南方电信用户访问网站时速度比较慢.因此,采用网站镜像或相关技术来解决这个网络瓶颈问题就显得非常重要.镜像站采用CDN技术方案和整体系统配置,镜像站系统的测试数据显示,全国文化信息资源共享工程南方(浙江)镜像站的正式开通,解决了困扰共享工程网站访问的速度问题.     

基于关键词的核心期刊主题动态可视化研究

在图书情报学核心期刊中,研究性文章的关键词动态变化能很好地反映情报学课题的动态变化情况。选用2007-2009年情报学核心期刊Journal of the America Society for Information Science and Technology中研究性文章的关键词为样本,通过运用三次样条插值建立一个可视化模型来表示近年来高频关键词的累计增长数量、增长速率、增长加速率,反映高频关键词的动态变化效果,揭示情报学课题的动态变化。研究结果表明,图书情报学课题的发展是阶段性的,其发展速度不是固定不变的,而是以一种周期的状态出现;其增长的加速度,也呈现一种周期性的跳跃变化,体现现代学术的严谨性和曲折性。     

《情报学报》与我国情报学发展(Ⅰ)——《情报学报》创刊20年来发文的计量分析

《情报学报》是我国最重要的情报学权威学术刊物。它所发表的论文基本上代表了我国情报学的研究水平 ,既与情报学发展同步 ,又引领我国情报学发展方向 ,这些从发文的栏目设置、来源、时滞以及作者队伍的生产率与分布状况的统计分析可以明显看出。所有这些数据不仅反映着《情报学报》的历程 ,而且也反映着我国情报学发展的动态过程、特点、成就和趋势。     

Information privacy concerns and demographic characteristics: Data from a Korean media panel survey

This study explores the relationship between individuals' demographic characteristics and information privacy concerns (IPC) using panel data from the Korea Information Society Development Institute (KISDI) that has collected a large sample from 7809 respondents. Its goal is to address the gaps in existing information privacy literature that focuses mainly on behavioral determinants of IPC and thus has not paid much attention to the direct examination of the relationship between demographic characteristics of individuals and IPC. A few relevant studies that focus on such a relationship have produced inconsistent results. In our study, we found that while the effects of educational attainment, income level, and marriage are in line with existing studies, the effects of gender and age are at odds with existing studies. The main contribution of this study is to confirm the results of previous studies with a large sample and enables the generalization of empirical findings. In addition, the results that are in contrast to the literature can generate new research avenue.     

媒介治理:作为善治的传播研究

西方信息社会的传播权利运动的兴起带动了传播学界"媒介治理"的研究热潮。通过社会人类学的"功能-符号"路径,媒介治理关注了传播的信息界面、产业界面、符号界面和关系界面,综合了传播系统的界内研究和界外研究,代表了一种新的传播研究范式。作为跨学科的交叉研究,"媒介治理"在研究取向上呈现出学科的交叉性:深层生态学路径、公共选择路径、协商民主路径是研究"媒介治理"的基本路径。媒介治理的研究是一种"灰色系统"的信息论,是第三种文化思维范式的代表。媒介治理理论研究尚处于起步阶段,需要进一步提供具有解释力的基本假设,实现叙事的连贯性和必要的逻辑建构。