共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Mathematical literacy, viewed as a set of ideas involving applications of mathematics to real-world contexts, has recently
featured in curricular discussions about the aims for mathematics education. This article explores the effect that differences
in the way that a mathematical task is contextualised can have on students’ mathematical arguments and, therefore, on their
perceived levels of mathematical literacy. Seventy-two students’ responses to three similar measurement tasks are described
according to Kaiser and Willander’s levels of mathematical literacy. The arguments used for assigning each level of mathematical
literacy are then investigated for the presence of specific macro- and micro-linguistic features. The context of the task
affects what students perceive to be most relevant approaches to use, which are reflected in the arguments they give; this,
in turn, affects external judgements of their level of mathematical literacy. 相似文献
2.
3.
This case study of a preservice secondary mathematics teacher focuses on the teacher’s beliefs about his role as mathematics
teacher. Data were collected over the final 5 months of the teacher’s university teacher education program through interviews,
written course assignments, and observations of student-teaching. Findings indicate that the preservice teacher valued classroom
roles in which students, rather than the teacher, explained traditional mathematics content. As his student-teaching internship
progressed, the teacher began to develop new roles and engaged students in additional mathematical processes. These results
emphasize the need for preservice teachers to recognize how teacher and student roles impact interrelationships between understanding
and mathematical activity, and illustrate the nature of teacher learning that can occur during an internship. 相似文献
4.
Denise D. Cunningham 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2010,37(6):501-507
Preschool classrooms were investigated to determine the extent to which quality is related to children’s literacy development.
The study included 24 classrooms of 428 prekindergarten children in a large, urban Midwestern school district. Results suggest
that global classroom quality and literacy environment quality are strongly related. Literacy environment quality and children’s
literacy abilities are also related. Differences in classroom quality were found to have an impact on children’s literacy
scores—the higher the quality, the higher the scores. This article also describes lessons learned from the investigation and
provides suggestions for teachers and administrators for improving quality to enhance literacy development. 相似文献
5.
刘广会 《中国现代教育装备》2014,(19):91-93
针对职业教育体系和高职学生特点的新情况,通过对课程知识内容生活原型的挖掘,课程分层次和过程化考核,基于现代信息技术的即时通讯、微博、微课、学院的数字化学习中心,数学建模和数学实验选修课程开设,数学建模协会的活动组织开展,数学建模大赛检验等方法手段,营造数学氛围,构建传统课堂、虚拟课堂和数学建模大赛三位一体的数学学习发展平台,充分发挥数学作为学生素养提升载体的作用。 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate about how to tackle the issue of ‘the teacher in the teaching/learning
process’, and to propose a methodology for analysing the teacher’s activity in the classroom, based on concepts used in the
fields of the didactics of mathematics as well as in cognitive ergonomics. This methodology studies the mathematical activity
the teacher organises for students during classroom sessions and the way he manages1 the relationship between students and mathematical tasks in two approaches: a didactical one [Robert, A., Recherches en Didactique
des Mathématiques 21(1/2), 2001, 7–56] and a psychological one [Rogalski, J., Recherches en Didactique des Mathématiques 23(3),
2003, 343–388]. Articulating the two perspectives permits a twofold analysis of the classroom session dynamics: the “cognitive
route” students are engaged in—through teacher’s decisions—and the mediation of the teacher for controlling students’ involvement
in the process of acquiring the mathematical concepts being taught. The authors present an example of this cross-analysis
of mathematics teachers’ activity, based on the observation of a lesson composed of exercises given to 10th grade students
in a French ‘ordinary’ classroom. Each author made an analysis from her viewpoint, the results are confronted and two types
of inferences are made: one on potential students’ learning and another on the freedom of action the teacher may have to modify
his activity. The paper also places this study in the context of previous contributions made by others in the same field. 相似文献
7.
Chun-Yen Chang Ting-Kuang Yeh Chun-Yen Lin Yueh-Hsia Chang Chia-Li D. Chen 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2010,19(4):332-340
This study explored the effects of congruency between preferred and actual learning environment (PLE & ALE) perceptions on
students’ science literacy in terms of science concepts, attitudes toward science, and the understanding of the nature of
science in an innovative curriculum of High Scope Project, namely Sci-Tech Mind and Humane Heart (STMHH). A pre-/post-treatment
experiment was conducted with 34 Taiwanese tenth graders involved in this study. Participating students’ preferred learning
environment perception and pre-instruction scientific literacy were evaluated before the STMHH curriculum. Their perceptions
toward the actual STMHH learning environment and post-instruction scientific literacy were also examined after the STMHH.
Students were categorized into two groups; “preferred alignment with actual learning environment” (PAA) and “preferred discordant
with actual learning environment” (PDA), according to their PLEI and ALEI scores. The results of this study revealed that
most of the students in this study preferred learning in a classroom environment where student-centered and teacher-centered
learning environments coexisted. Furthermore, the ANCOVA analysis showed marginally statistically significant difference between
groups in terms of students’ post-test scores on scientific literacy with the students’ pre-test scores as the covariate.
As a pilot study with a small sample size aiming to probe the research direction of this problem, the result of marginally
statistically significant and approaching large sized effect magnitude is likely to implicate that the congruency between
preferred and actual learning environments on students’ scientific literacy is noteworthy. Future study of this nature appears
to merit further replications and investigations. 相似文献
8.
将数学文化融入数学教学过程中,可以实现数学学科价值与人文价值的统一,提高数学课堂教学成效,提高学生的数学素养,促进学生全面发展。教师要创设相应情境,将数学文化融入教学;钻研数学教材,挖掘教材中的数学文化;利用数学历史,促进学生数学知识的学习;利用数学美学,触及数学学科的本质。 相似文献
9.
Howard P. Parette Nichole M. Boeckmann Jack J. Hourcade 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,36(2):161-170
This paper outlines the use of the Writing with Symbols 2000 software to facilitate emergent literacy development. The program’s use of pictures incorporated with text has great potential
to help young children with and without disabilities acquire fundamental literacy concepts about print, phonemic awareness,
alphabetic principle, vocabulary development, and comprehension. The flexibility and features of the software allow early
childhood professionals to create a variety of early literacy tools for the classroom, including worksheets, storybooks, and
interactive activities. 相似文献
10.
Hagar Gal Fou-Lai Lin Jia-Ming Ying 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2009,7(2):405-429
This study uses classroom videotapes to examine the phenomenon of students who are left behind during whole-class teaching.
Zooming in via these videos enabled us to analyze these classroom situations by means of a compact, multi-perspective set
of theories – van Hiele theory, conceptualization, and visual perception. The analysis provided a picture of the classroom
interaction in which the sound of silence of those students who might not share understanding during the class discourse is
ignored. Based on a sample of Taiwanese junior high school geometry classes, the study demonstrated how investigating situations
of silence uncovered the possibility of teachers’ unawareness of student difficulties or their unsuccessful efforts to cope
with them. Teachers’ post-lesson interviews and questionnaires shed additional light on the perspective of left-behind students.
Implications of this method for pre- and in-service teachers’ programs are briefly discussed, and some recommendations for
change are proposed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
11.
The study presented in this article investigates forms of mathematical interaction in different social settings. One major interest is to better understand mathematics teachers’ joint professional
discourse while observing and analysing young students mathematical interaction followed by teacher’s intervention. The teachers’
joint professional discourse is about a combined learning and talking between two students before an intervention by their
teacher (setting 1) and then it is about the students learning together with the teacher during their mathematical work (setting
2). The joint professional teachers’ discourse constitutes setting 3. This combination of social settings 1 and 2 is taken
as an opportunity for mathematics teachers’ professionalisation process when interpreting the students’ mathematical interactions
in a more and more professional and sensible way. The epistemological analysis of mathematical sign-systems in communication
and interaction in these three settings gives evidence of different types of mathematical talk, which are explained depending
on the according social setting. Whereas the interaction between students or between teachers is affected by phases of a process-oriented
and investigated talk, the interaction between students and teachers is mainly closed and structured by the ideas of the teacher
and by the expectations of the students.
相似文献
Heinz SteinbringEmail: |
12.
从数学分析教学的现状出发,结合数学文化的本质特征,尝试将数学文化融入数学分析课堂教学,以激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的数学素养,提高学生的科学文化素质. 相似文献
13.
Debra Panizzon John Pegg 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2008,6(2):417-436
Aligned with recent changes to syllabuses in Australia is an assessment regime requiring teachers to identify what their students
‘know’ and ‘can do’ in terms of the quality of understanding demonstrated. This paper describes the experiences of 25 secondary
science and mathematics teachers in rural schools in New South Wales as they explore the changing nature of assessment and
its implications on their classroom practice. To help reconceptualise these changes, teachers were introduced to a cognitive
structural model as a theoretical framework. Throughout the 2-year study, teachers attended a series of professional development
sessions and received ongoing consultative support. Each session was taped and transcribed while interviews were conducted
with each teacher at the end of both years. Analysis of these data using a grounded theory approach identified seven major
components of teacher practice impacted by the study. The core component was questioning while the six contributing components
were teachers’ pedagogical practices, attention to cognition, teaching strategies, assessment linked to pedagogy, classroom
advantages for students, and classroom advantages for teachers. These findings represent a major shift in teachers’ perceptions
of assessment from a focus on the accumulation of students’ marks to one of diagnosis as a means of directing teaching to
enhance students’ scientific and mathematical understandings. 相似文献
14.
Salvador Llinares Ana Isabel Roig 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2008,6(3):505-532
This study focussed on how secondary school students construct and use mathematical models as conceptual tools when solving
word problems. The participants were 511 secondary-school students who were in the final year of compulsory education (15–16
years old). Four levels of the development of constructing and using mathematical models were identified using a constant-comparative
methodology to analyse the student’s problem-solving processes. Identifying the general in the particular and using the particular
to endow the general with meaning were the key elements employed by students in the processes of construction and use of models
in the different situations. In addition, attention was paid to the difficulties that students had in using their mathematical
knowledge to solve these situations. Finally, implications are provided for drawing upon student’s use of mathematical models
as conceptual tools to support the development of mathematical competence from socio-cultural perspectives of learning. 相似文献
15.
Troy D. Sadler 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2006,17(4):323-346
Given a sociocultural framework of teaching and learning, argumentation and discourse become central elements of education, particularly in science education because of argumentation’s key role in scientific communities. This study documents preservice teachers’ perceptions of and aptitudes related to argumentation as they participated in a science methods course designed to promote discourse and argumentation. Data sources consisted of instructor reflections, course documents, and student work. Participants tended to view argumentation as a central element of science and as a means for promoting conceptual development in science classrooms. They were generally adept in the construction of arguments, particularly with respect to the evidentiary support of claims and demonstrated improved practice as the course progressed. Implications for using this course as a model and suggestions for its improvement are discussed. 相似文献
16.
《理论付诸实践》2012,51(4):263-272
This article shows how various dialogic discourse strategies were used in read-alouds of English science information books in a 2nd-grade bilingual classroom. Using a variety of discursive strategies, Ibett encouraged her Spanish-speaking students to provide explanations and reasoning related to science ideas. Similarly, she used intertextual connections to prior classroom discourse, prompted deep understanding of new concepts, and reinforced vocabulary. This article illustrates that it is possible to employ dialogic practices in read-alouds of English informational science texts in bilingual classrooms to strengthen both language/literacy and science instruction. 相似文献
17.
Carmen Fies Juliet Langman 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(6):1415-1438
We report on a case study that took place in a southwestern culturally and linguistically diverse urban high school science
classroom during a grade recovery summer session. The introduction of a technology-infused unit on epidemiology engaged students
in a multi-contextual exploration of the spread of diseases. The analysis of the resultant classroom discourse centers on
connections made and identities expressed by the students (as students, social beings, avatars, and scientists), with particular
attention to how these students use language to bridge worlds (the participatory simulation world, the classroom world, the ‘real’ world (outside the classroom), and the laboratory (science)
world). The results indicate that including a participatory technology tool supported students’ learning journey. Specifically,
students built on a shared virtual experience in ways that helped them to draw and expand on prior experiences well beyond
the classroom in the service of developing science understanding. 相似文献
18.
Robert J. Anthony Christine D. Tippett Larry D. Yore 《Research in Science Education》2010,40(1):45-64
Science literacy leading to fuller and informed participation in the public debate about science, technology, society, and
environmental (STSE) issues that produce justified decisions and sustainable actions is the shared and central goal of the
Pacific CRYSTAL Project. There is broad agreement by science education researchers that learners need to be able to construct
and interpret specific scientific discourses and texts to be literate in science. We view these capabilities as components
in the fundamental sense of science literacy and as interactive and synergetic to the derived sense of science literacy, which
refers to having general knowledge about concepts, principles, and methods of science. This article reports on preliminary
findings from Years 1, 2, and 3 of the 5-year Pacific CRYSTAL project that aims to identify, develop, and embed explicit literacy
instruction in science programs to achieve both senses of science literacy. A community-based, opportunistic, engineering
research and development approach has been utilized to identify problems and concerns and to design instructional solutions
for teaching middle school (Grades 6, 7, and 8) science. Initial data indicate (a) opportunities in programs for embedding
literacy instruction and tasks; (b) difficulties generalist teachers have with new science curricula; (c) difficulties specialist
science teachers have with literacy activities, strategies, genre, and writing-to-learn science tasks; and (d) potential literacy
activities (vocabulary, reading comprehension, visual literacy, genre, and writing tasks) for middle school science. Preinstruction
student assessments indicate a range of challenges in achieving effective learning in science and the need for extensive teacher
support to achieve the project’s goals. Postinstructional assessments indicate positive changes in students’ ability to perform
target reading and writing tasks. Qualitative data indicate teachers’ desire for external direction and the need for researchers
to expand the literacy framework to include oral discourse. A case study of teachers’ use of a specific literacy task and
its influence on students revealed indications of robustness and effectiveness. Experiences revealed procedural difficulties
and insights regarding community-based research and development approaches. 相似文献
19.
Richard E. Mayer Andrew T. Stull Julie Campbell Kevin Almeroth Bruce Bimber Dorothy Chun Allan Knight 《Educational Psychology Review》2007,19(4):443-454
The authors analyzed self-reported SAT scores and actual SAT scores for five different samples of college students (N = 650). Students overestimated their actual SAT scores by an average of 25 points (SD = 81, d = 0.31), with 10% under-reporting, 51% reporting accurately, and 39% over-reporting, indicating a systematic bias towards
over-reporting. The amount of over-reporting was greater for lower-scoring than higher-scoring students, was greater for upper
division than lower division students, and was equivalent for men and women. There was a strong correlation between self-reported
and actual SAT scores (r = 0.82), indicating high validity of students’ memories of their scores. Results replicate previous findings (Kuncel, Credé,
& Thomas, 2005) and are consistent with a motivated distortion hypothesis. Caution is suggested in using self-reported SAT scores in psychological
research.
相似文献
Richard E. MayerEmail: |
20.
The development of students’ learning and test-taking behavior may derive from the social context and the group of peers they associate with daily for years. Consequently, it is assumed that students’ academic achievements are to some degree affected by their classmates and the composition of the classroom. The present study provides evidence on how Finnish students (N = 5071) from different classrooms (N = 435) develop distinct patterns regarding their mathematics and literacy achievement during lower secondary school. We analysed longitudinal large-scale educational assessment data using a multilevel latent profile analysis (MLPA) to investigate the impact of classroom effect on students’ achievement patterns, that is, on the development of students’ low-stakes mathematics and literacy test scores from 7th to 9th grade. The results demonstrated the added value of modelling the multilevel structure inherent in educational assessment data: we identified four student achievement patterns that displayed different distributions across the school classes. More precisely, besides individual characteristics, the development of students’ low-stakes mathematics and literacy test scores was associated with class-level factors and some of the classrooms seemed to have a stronger effect on students’ test scores. These results suggest that classroom context is associated with students’ achievement patterns, especially regarding the worst achieving students. The findings may reflect a combination of class placement practices as well as classroom and peer effect. Although the differences between Finnish schools have been one of the lowest in the OECD countries, the findings of the present study suggest that the classroom membership may create class level quality differences in both the preconditions and the development of learning. 相似文献