顶岗支教实习学生教学反思现状调查及对策

教学反思是教师教学行为的重要组成部分,是教师专业化成长的主要途径和手段。通过问卷法和访谈法,发现实习生存在知识结构不合理、反思内容主要集中在课堂教学行为、反思不积极主动、缺乏对教学理念的高层次反思等问题,从而要求加强专业思想教育,培养学生反思的意识与自觉性;加强师范生教学技能与技巧的培养;激发教育实习基地的主动性;认真选派和培训指导教师;帮助学生掌握一定的反思策略。     

Content Familiarity: Differential Impact of Effective Teaching on Student Achievement Outcomes

Improving the quality of higher education for all students requires researchers to focus on factors that potentially influence learning. Of particular interest are student entry characteristics and effective teaching behaviors. Accordingly, structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between student differences, prior experience with the subject material, past performances, teaching behaviors, and perceived learning and achievement. A theoretical model containing 8 variables was formulated and tested on students who were either experienced or inexperienced with the course material. The data were gathered at a large midwestern university fitting the Carnegie classification as a research institution. Overall, student achievement is affected by test anxiety and high school GPA. Prior experience with the course content revealed that content-unfamiliar students' perception of learning is more positively influenced by instructor organization than by instructor expressiveness, whereas for content-familiar students, expressiveness is much more influential than organization. Additionally, content-unfamiliar students are more sensitive to both teaching behaviors than content-familiar students. These findings have important implications for administrators, instructors, and researchers.     

实习教师的专业社会化研究

教师专业社会化是教育社会学研究中的一个重要问题。教育实习作为教师专业社会化的关键环节,对顺利推进教师专业社会化有着重要影响。为此,研究与探讨实习教师的专业社会化阶段、所面临的问题、影响因素、结果及推进实习教师专业社会化的对策,对促进实习教师的专业社会化理论研究与实践和教育实习制度建设具有重要意义。     

实习教师的教学反思研究

本研究选取大四教育实习阶段的实习教师,采取质的研究方法,对实习教师教学反思行为进行考察。研究发现,实习教师的教学反思的内容多是集中在对教学方面和对学生方面的主动的反思,反思的时机多是选择在教学后,反思的层次上以技术的反思居多,实际的反思次之,而批判的反思则是明显不足。教师个人特质和学生的反应对实习教师的教学反思有很大的影响。通过本研究,研究者对实习教师的教学反思有了比较全面的认识和深刻的了解,并根据研究的发现和所获得的结论提出一些启示与建议。     

Regular Feedback from Student Ratings of Instruction: Do College Teachers Improve their Ratings in the Long Run?

The authors examined whether feedback from student ratings of instruction not augmented with consultation helps college teachers to improve their student ratings on a long-term basis. The study reported was conducted in an institution where no previous teaching-effectiveness evaluations had taken place. At the end of each of four consecutive semesters, student ratings were assessed and teachers were provided with feedback. Data from 3122 questionnaires evaluating 12 teachers were analyzed using polynomial and piecewise random coefficient models. Results revealed that student ratings increased from the no-feedback baseline semester to the second semester and then gradually decreased from the second to the fourth semester, although feedback was provided after each semester. The findings suggest that student ratings not augmented with consultation are far less effective than typically assumed when considered from a long-term perspective.     

教学文化的结构要素及其对学业成绩的影响效应研究

采用结构方程模型(SEM)研究教学文化(culture of teaching)的结构要素及其对学生学业成绩的影响效应。主要有以下发现:第一,教学的有效性(effective teaching)、学生的参与性(student engagement)和学习的主动性(learning motivation)是描述教学文化的有效要素。第二,教学文化的各结构要素与学业成绩具有显著相关性。第三,教学文化结构要素对学业成绩具有层次性影响关系:教学的有效性和学生的参与性对学习的主动性具有直接显著影响效应;学习的主动性对学生的学业成绩具有显著的直接影响效应;学习的主动性在教学的有效性、学生的参与性与学生学业成绩之间存在着显著的中介性影响效应;而教学的有效性、学生的参与性两个变量对学业成绩不存在显著的直接影响效应。本研究运用实证数据揭示了教学文化发生作用的动力机制,提出构建良性的教学文化必须以提高教学的有效性为前提,以提高学生学习的主动性为中心,通过提升教与学的品质,促进学生内生性的、可持续的发展。     

增值性学生评价探析

我国传统学生评价过分强调鉴定、甄别与筛选的功能,其目的是“选拔适合于教育的儿童”,导致我国素质教育向纵深发展步履维艰,所以,传统学生评价受到越来越多的质疑和批评。增值性学生评价从“选择适合于学生的教育”的目的出发,重视学生评价的改进、激励和发展功能,秉承尊重差异、注重起点、关注过程和强调发展的理念,因此,它自美国诞生以来迅速受到广大师生的欢迎。     

高校评教制度化的反思与建构——基于学生评教的视角

学生评教是教学的一个固有的部分,经历了从非制度化到制度化的过程。制度化的学生评教需要反思。学生评教制度的不完善及其实施过程中的变异,导致了高校学生评教还存在目的错位、内容不合理、方法不全面、结果不客观等问题。通过确立发展性评教目的观,确立师生双向的评教主体观,建立激励机制等,可以不断完善评价体系,消除制度及其实施过程中存在的问题,实现学生评教的积极功能,减少制度化学生评教带来的负面影响,提高评教制度的实效性。     

数学系师范生在教育实习中对教师身份的理解

目前,考察师范生在学教过程中关于教师身份理解的知识和信念的意象研究正成为研究师范生数学教学信念发展和改变的重要内容.利用访谈和分析实习日记的个案研究,可以发现,在教育实习过程中,师范生关于教师即讲授者的身份理解发展处于中心位置,其他成分发展处于边缘位置,甚至消失,让师范生撰写和反思实习日记对教师身份理解发展具有潜在的价值.     

Student Engagement and Student Learning: Testing the Linkages*

This study examines (1) the extent to which student engagement is associated with experimental and traditional measures of academic performance, (2) whether the relationships between engagement and academic performance are conditional, and (3) whether institutions differ in terms of their ability to convert student engagement into academic performance. The sample consisted of 1058 students at 14 four-year colleges and universities that completed several instruments during 2002. Many measures of student engagement were linked positively with such desirable learning outcomes as critical thinking and grades, although most of the relationships were weak in strength. The results suggest that the lowest-ability students benefit more from engagement than classmates, first-year students and seniors convert different forms of engagement into academic achievement, and certain institutions more effectively convert student engagement into higher performance on critical thinking tests. *A version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, April 2004.     

教育实习评价考核功能的探索

实习成绩评定是教育实习的重要环节,它的评价考核应充分体现甄别功能、激励功能、导向功能、诊断功能和实用功能。只有从理论内涵和操作策略两个层面充分发挥教育实习评价考核的多方面功能,才能进一步提高教育实习的质量和效益。     

信息不对称情况下的高校学生评教探析

学生评教是高校教师教学评价的重要组成部分,在国内外高校得到广泛的认可和应用.但现实中却存在着"学校重视、学生漠视、教师敏感"的情况,问题的症结可能就在于学校、教师、学生三者问存在信息不对称,导致了学生评教中出现道德风险和逆向选择.厘清评教中存在的信息不对称,采取措施有效规避显得极为重要.     

论体操教学双边关系积极性的调动

许多体操教师认为 :体操课堂教学难控制 .确实是这样 ,使每一节课都能得心应手并非容易的事 .上好体操课必须师生共同努力 ,发挥教学两方面的积极性 ,方可驾驶体操课堂教学     

略论流动教学条件下的学生管理工作

流动教学条件下,学生管理工作将面临新的挑战和考验。本文从理顺关系,加强学生工作机构与队伍建设;转变观念,创新学生管理工作的理念和方法;规范管理,确保学生管理工作的有效开展三个方面提出了应对的措施。     

“学生助教”教学方式在合班教学中的应用

针对目前高职院校中出现为数不少的合班上课现象,分析合班上课的不足之处,提出了以"学生助教"的方法来应对各种问题,探索一条适合合班上课的高效教学模式,切实为教学服务。