Reform of teacher education in China: a survey of policies for systemic change

ABSTRACT

This paper adopts an inductive analytical approach to reviewing the major state policies to reform teacher education in China. Based on the perceived impact on teachers and teacher education, 21 policy documents have been selected for this review. Five themes emerge in the analysis, which include: Expansion of teacher education by institutional diversification; structural changes through upgrading, merging and eliminating institutions and school; innovations on modes of teacher preparation, curricula and teaching practicum; certification and examinations; and strengthening teacher supply for the rural schools. The paper also analyses the contextual and systemic factors that affect the formulation and implementation of reform policies in teacher education and critically reflect the effect of these policies on Chinese teacher education.     

Language learning,teaching and educational reform in rural Thailand: an English teacher's perspective

This article discusses English language teaching in Thailand through a biographical case study of a teacher working in a government school in the rural north-east. It explores a particular context of teaching and learning, showing how an individual comes to be a teacher and deals with the day-to-day demands of teaching, as well as reflecting on the place of English in a society where it is a foreign language. The article contends that case studies of this type have the power to illuminate the context of teaching, to enable us to come to a fuller understanding of the demands of being a teacher of English in societies where it is a foreign language, and thus to provide essential data on the realities of teaching in various contexts. This data may then be used to inform centralized programmes to reform English language teaching which at present rarely consult the principal change agents – teachers – prior to their implementation. Curriculum reform programmes in Thailand have been criticized for their lack of impact at the classroom level and the article maintains that, if these programmes are to be effective, they should be based on an understanding of the local contexts of teachers' work.     

我国教育政策变迁研究

个人的成长或组织的工作几乎都与政府的教育政策有关,并且或多或少地受教育政策的影响和制约。教育政策从近处看可能关系到一个教育机构的成败兴衰,从长远来看,则关乎国家民族的兴盛或衰落。我国的教育发展过程是教育政策不断变迁的历史过程,也是教育政策研究不断完善的过程。     

Working with uncertainty to support the teaching of critical reflection

This paper explores the cumulative reflections of lecturers examining their tacit assumptions of teaching practice. Despite extensive literature on the educational value of reflection, there is less visible research on teachers assessing their own reflective thinking. This longitudinal interpretive study uses Larrivee's assessment framework with a purposive sample of UK business students. Findings reveal insights for teaching reflection; acknowledging the discomfort of reflexive practice encourages learners to experiment with knowledge interpretation. The students' struggle to engage in reflection resonated with lecturers' parallel difficulties. The teaching approach balances deliberate structure with uncertain outcomes to trigger fresh interpretation of developmental theory and workplace relevance. Practice implications for lecturers are that harnessing uncertainty can provoke deeper insights that enable students to direct their learning and develop reflective skills. This case study offers a practical assessment example to enrich reflexive teaching, with scope to compare and replicate in different disciplinary settings.     

高师和声教学内容改革刍议

高师和声教学除了加强四部和声教学外,还应增加一些新的内容,如键盘和声、钢琴伴奏写作、和声分析、民族调式的和声以及通俗音乐的和声内容等,同时注意与视唱练耳、音乐欣赏课等相关学科的联系。     

Developing critical reflection as a part of teaching training and teaching practice

Academics in universities can no longer teach in the ways that have been appropriate in the past. The paradigm has shifted from the dissemination of knowledge to a focus on the students and how to facilitate the best learning outcomes for them. This paper proposes that critical reflection is at the heart of being an effective teacher. It invites teachers to evaluate their own philosophies about teaching and to be critically reflective of their own practice. It is suggested that teachers need to learn how to be reflective practitioners through both self-evaluation and the use of collaborative strategies. It is no longer appropriate to focus solely on the 'what', but also on the 'how' and 'why'.     

浅论昭通师专的教育改革

当前高教改革的形势及昭通师专改革的方向和对策。     

论网络教育中的教师群体

当课堂被溶解到互联网的每个终端之后，教师退到了荧屏后面，退到了电话线和光缆的另一端，他们转换了角色，成了e-Educators。教师的这一角色转换具有革命性意义的。e-Educators是一个群体，是一个面对地球上任何一个终端的全天候教师群体。     

宁德师专教职工健康状况调查分析

通过对我校2007年教职工常规体检资料分析,发现我校教职工检出率较高的疾病依次为高血脂、脂肪肝、高血糖、心电图异常、高血压等,为此,我校教职工的健康状况应引起足够的重视．     

关于在高师院校开展奥林匹克思想体系教育的思考

在北京成功申办2008年奥运会。各项筹备工作全面展开的时候，对高师院校的师生进行奥林匹克思想体系教育是很有必要的。因为奥林匹克思想体系与化、教育密切结合，能促进人的全面和谐发展，利用校园化网络等教育途径来推广奥林匹克教育。     

在教学反思中促进教学智慧的生成

时代呼唤智慧型的教师,教学反思是促进教师养成知性教学智慧、理性教学智慧、实践性教学智慧和情感性教学智慧的重要途径。     

关于在高校开展奥林匹克思想体系教育的思考

在北京成功申办2008年奥运会，各项筹备工作全面展开的时候，对高校的师生进行奥林匹克思想体系教育很有必要的，因为奥林匹克思想体系与文化、教育密切结合，能促进人的全面和谐发展，各高校应利用校园文化网络等教育途径来推广奥林匹克教育。     

教学反思中的问题与建议

目前,大多数教师已经意识到教学反思的重要性,并在教学实践中积极进行反思。基于教学反思的内涵和特点的分析,教学反思中仍然存在着教师认识不到位、反思片面化、形式化、反思视角单一化等问题。为了解决以上问题,学校要积极创设教学反思的良好氛围,教师要加强教学反思的理论学习,还要加强专家与教师的帮助。     

澳大利亚特殊教育师资与中国特殊教育师资的比较研究

本文对澳大利亚和中国的特殊教育师资进行了比较研究。澳大利亚强调教师资格和相关特殊教育实践经验 ,其特教师资大多由相应的特殊教育协会进行培训、考核、选拔 ,注重职业技能的培养。中国从事特殊教育的教师除教育行政部门规定的学历标准外 ,还必须具备相关的专业知识     

Renaming teaching practice through teacher reflection using critical incidents on a virtual training course

This study approaches teacher learning from a dialogical viewpoint where lecturers’ voices used in a training course context reflect how lecturers generated new professional discourse. The design of the training course considered the analysis of several critical incidents (CIs) in online teaching. An analytical framework based on lecturers’ discourse and ways of thinking about teaching was used to identify types of renaming teaching practice. The empirical element of the study analysed the written utterances about teaching provided by 12 online instructors in order to determine what kinds of new discourse emerged during the analysis of 15 CIs in online teaching. Results showed that local discourse is the lecturers’ most commonly used discourse, prototypical incidents generated more professional discourse than personal and real CIs, and professional discourse can be created by means of at least nine different ways of articulating discourse. On the basis of these results, some pedagogical implications for lecturer learning are discussed.     

中外钢琴教学的对比

从演奏技术、作品把握、选曲三个方面对比了中外钢琴教学方法、教学理念等方面的差异和特点,探讨了中国钢琴教学过程中经常出现的一些问题,以借鉴吸收国外优秀的钢琴教学研究成果,更好地指导我国的钢琴教学实践。     

中加大学英语外语教学（EFL）的对比分析与思考

我国高等教育与西方发达国家存在着较大差距,表现在教学方法、科研创新、资源共享、人才培养、经费投入、学术自由等诸多方面。加拿大布鲁克大学在课程政策、课堂设计、课上学习与课外活动的结合、评估体系、教学模式等方面与中国的英语语言教学情况存在着明显的差异,非常值得中国教育工作者进行反思与借鉴。     

浅析英语教学评价和教学反思

教学评价和教学反思在英语教学中是决定教学成效的关键所在,正确科学的评价可以使教师获得好的教学效果,成为学生学习的动力;教学反思和总结则会让老师了解自身的不足,以便在教学实践中扬长避短。本文主要阐释了教学中的教学评价和教学反思的方式,以及列举出英语教学课堂中的实际案例来说明教学评价和教学反思在教学中的应用。     

企业实践:EGP教师向复合型教师转变的途径

随着高职高专英语教学推广实用型教学,EGP教师难以满足高职高专英语教学的需要,必须向复合型教师转变.本文通过对EGP教师和ESP教师的特点进行分析,并结合笔者在南沙大酒店实践的体会,强调企业实践是EGP教师向复合型教师过渡的转变途径.     

"有效教学"辨

Reflecting on nearly half a century’s research on “effective teaching”, this essay attempts to arouse a lot of suspicion, including ambiguous definition of connotation, a false antithesis and the imbalance between teachers and students. Accordingly, this study further reveals hidden thinking obstacles, such as over-reliance on technical rationality, wrong inference and the separation of the dialectical relationship between teaching and learning. As a future research direction, the ideal teaching should focus on virtue rather than efficiency, giving consideration to effectiveness and responsibility. __________ Translated from Quanqiu Jiaoyu Zhanwang 全球教育展望 (Global Education), 2007, 36(7): 17–22