浅谈拳击运动速度素质的专项化训练

通过文献资料法,专家调查法,对拳击运动素质速度专项化训练提出一个理论框架,研究结果表明：身体素质,项目特点和技术特点,是确定速度素质训练专项化的依据。而练习方法的专项化是拳击速度素质训练有效的前提。     

‘Prizefight women’ or boxing as a mirror of Hemingway’s writing

ABSTRACT

Through the study of an article written by the young Hemingway in The Toronto Star Weekly dated from May 15th, 1920, these lines offer an additional insight into the writer’s personality, and more specifically the reasons for his admiration for boxing. Entitled ‘Prizefight Women’, this article relates the reactions of a crowd during a traditional pugilistic meeting featuring the ‘French Idol’ – Georges Carpentier. If throughout his life, Pap displayed his taste for this sport, it appears that the main reasons for his fascination were already revealed in this writing.     

‘The miseries of others’: boxing in Hogarth’s Second Stage of Cruelty

ABSTRACT

The violence inherent in boxing has been a topic of public discourse since the early days of the sport, as has its supposed effect on society. In 1751, artist and social commentator William Hogarth weighed in by including boxing references in his four-part work addressing cruelty in 1740s London. In his Second Stage, dedicated to cruelty to animals, he somewhat incongruously includes a poster for a prizefight. This essay examines boxing in early-to-mid Hanoverian London to reveal why Hogarth chose to include this particular fight, using a variety of sources including an unpublished eyewitness account. This examination will allow us to better understand a transformational period in the sport of boxing and its place in 1740s London society.     

浅谈拳击的防守方法及辅助练习

运动员要提高个人的运动能力和运动成绩,必须通过一定的练习和训练.而对现代业余拳击运动的分析,拳击的防守方法是拳击项目里不可忽略的.拳击防守方法的多样性、灵活性、多变性等,使运动员能够掌握发挥防守方法的能力并不好,这就要很好的了解拳击的防守方法及辅助练习方法,使自身能力有一个更好的提高,为以后的比赛打下牢固的基石.     

Toward sport reform: hegemonic masculinity and reconceptualizing competition

Hegemonic masculinity, a framework where stereotypically masculine traits are over-emphasized, plays a central role in sport, partly due to an excessive focus on winning. This type of masculinity marginalizes those that do not possess specific traits, including many women and men. I argue sport reform focused on mitigating hypercompetitive attitudes can reduce this harmful and marginalizing hegemonic masculinity in sport. I make this argument first by challenging the dichotomous nature of sport, especially in recognizing that all outcomes are a blend of winning and losing, that ties are relevant and informative outcomes to contests, and that winning and losing do not always tell accurate stories of the outcome. Secondly, I contend that expanding the potential outcomes in sport can help broaden the emphasis of competitive sport to take into account playing well and improving, in terms of both the test and the contest. I conclude that these reforms decrease hegemonic masculinity, making sport better for all.     

体育运动与男性气概

从性别逻辑的视角对体育运动中的性别问题,尤其是男性及男性气概进行研究,认为传统的性别逻辑将体育运动看做培养男性气概的途径,也是男性赢得男性气概的方式,导致体育场成为男性的保留地。但是体育运动对传统男性气概的推崇使得男性受益的同时,也损害到男性的健康,造成男女之间体育参与的不平等。对传统的男性占统治地位的体育运动进行反思,有助于实现体育运动中两性的真正平等。     

散打实战姿势的研究

本文从教学训练与各类散打竞赛现场观察入手 ,分析了相近竞赛项目的技术资料 ,对散打基本实战姿势的站立方式、身体重心的分布及身体各部位的要领 ,谈谈自己的看法。     

‘It's not like you are less of a man just because you don't play rugby'—boys' problematisation of gender during secondary school physical education lessons in New Zealand

Despite clear messages from current physical education (PE) curricula about the importance of adopting socially critical perspectives, dominant discourses of gender relating to physical activity, bodies and health are being reproduced within this school subject. By drawing on interview data from a larger ethnographic account of boys’ PE, this paper aims to contribute to our understanding of boys’ experiences of gendered discourses in PE, particularly by acknowledging boys not only as docile or disciplined bodies but also as active subjects in negotiating power relations. In the analysis of the data, particular emphasis is placed on whether the boys recognise the influence of gendered discourses and power relations in PE, how they act upon this knowledge and how they understand themselves as gendered subjects through these particular discourses/power relations. Using Foucault's (1985. The use of pleasure: The history of sexuality, vol. 2. London: Penguin Books) framework related to the ‘modes of subjectivation’, this paper explores boys’ problematisation of dominant discourses of gender and power relations in PE. In summary, these boys perform gendered selves within the context of PE, via negotiation of gendered discourses and power relations that contribute to an alternative discourse of PE which creates spaces and opportunities for the production of more ethical and diverse masculinities.     

以“一操一拳一泳”为特色构建高校体育教学内容新体系

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法和逻辑分析法,论述在高校建立以“一操一拳一泳”为特色的高校体育教学内容新体系,为树立学生终生体育观和深化高校体育教学改革提供参考。     

体育是防止"男性青少年女性化"的良方?

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,基于当代生理学、性别社会学和哲学研究成果,指出体育作为"男性化"代名词是社会建构的结果。分析了作为多元气质载体的体育之历史表征,体育作为全人教育的当代意涵,男性气质多样化范式下的体育气概,体育"阳刚之气"应有的当代内涵。研究认为：体育锻炼培育的精神状态和个人气概与性别没有必然逻辑关系,体育的教育意义不在于把人构建为某种性别气质的对象,而是以其内涵的行为气概和精神感染青少年;"阳刚气概"的教育不分性别,体育培养的精神气质不应存在性别两级论,身体强健、意志坚定、追求优胜是新时代青少年男女共同的气质秉性;在气质多样化的文化昌明时代,摒弃二元论的性别观,真正关注和发挥体育对所有青少年乃至每一位公民身心健康和全面发展的独特价值。     

体育教学中语言的特点

只有在教学中准确、合理、灵活地运用体育教学语言,才能较好地完成教学任务,提高教学质量,促进学生的发展。     

呼吸在太极拳运动中的作用

在太极拳运动中，通过利用呼吸与动作意识的紧密配合．来调节人体内的新陈代谢、应激性、兴奋性．以及适应性．使在练习太极拳运动中采用合理的呼吸方法，起到提高技术水平和健身作用。     

闽南文化对福建南拳影响的初探

从闽南文化的本质分析其对福建南拳形成、发展的影响。研究得出:在特有的地理人文环境下,闽南文化兼收外源、内涵丰富、开拓务实的本质对福建南拳的推广与普及起到了传播载体的作用。     

太极拳练习中的"呼"与"吸"

呼吸、意识、动作三者的统一是太极拳练习中的重要方法之一,它与中国传统养生方法有一定的共同之处,从 哲学的角度来看它们之间是协调统一的。初学时只要求自然呼吸。动作熟练以后,可以根据个人锻炼的体会和需要,在 合乎自然的原则下,有意识地引导呼吸,使其更好地适应劲力与动作要求。在太极拳练习中呼吸的调节尤为重要,呼吸 调节的好坏直接影响着练习的质量和效果。     

Gender Role and Sport Competition Anxiety: A Re-examination

Abstract

The present study tested whether there were significant sport competition anxiety differences among sex-typed, androgynous, and cross sex-typed subjects and whether these differences were consistent with gender schema theory (Bem, 1981b).

Approximately 700 subjects were administered the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) and, using two methods of scoring, 216 subjects were selected because of being either sex-typed (masculine males, feminine females), cross sex-typed (masculine females, feminine males) or androgynous (males and females who have strong masculine and feminine dimensions). Each subject was tested for competition anxiety using the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT). A one-way ANOVA of SCAT scores by group was significant, F(5,210) = 6.52, p < .001. Post-hoc analysis revealed that feminine females had significantly more competitive trait anxiety than all other groups and androgynous females were more anxious than masculine males (p < .05). The results are discussed in terms of gender schema theory.     

苏州地区大学生体育生活形式、内容以及时空结构的研究

采用文献资料、问卷调查等研究方法,对苏州地区11所普通高校800名大学生,就其体育生活形式、内容及其时空结构取舍进行调查分析。结果显示,大学生体育生活形式呈现多元化趋势,体育活动的时间主要集中在下午至晚上课余时间,在校园内的一些免费场馆进行体育锻炼;在活动项内容上,男生参与较多的为三大球,女生则以体操类活动为主,小球居次,一些休闲性、时尚性、娱乐性的项目逐渐成为当代大学生体育生活的一部分。     

Addressing gender equality: enactments of gender and hegemony in the educational textbooks used in Swedish sports coaching and educational programmes

Sport is often described as a field containing competitive and hierarchy shaping activities. However, in Sweden and elsewhere, this field is also permeated by democratic principles where, for example, everybody has the right to participate in children’s and youth sports regardless of gender, ethnicity or physical ability. In Sweden, there are distinct objectives for gender equality, where women/girls and men/boys should ideally be treated and recognised equally. The aim of this paper is twofold: to examine how gender is enacted in the textbooks used in Swedish sports coaching and educational programmes and to identify whether any of the enactments reflect a hegemonic masculinity. The textbooks used in two of the most extensive courses arranged by the Swedish Sports Confederation, ‘The Platform’ [Plattformen] and ‘Basic Coach Education’ [Grundtränarutbildning] are in focus. The theoretical framework and methodological approach are inspired by research on sport, gender and the hegemonic masculinity thesis. In the process of analysis, the hegemonic perspective is central. During the analysis, four themes are identified as expressions of a hegemonic masculinity and, thus, as obstacles to gender equality. Firstly, the binary sex norm poses a real challenge for the implementation of gender equality because it helps to shape a hierarchy that privileges men and masculinities. Secondly and thirdly, the themes ‘puberty’ and ‘the coach’ appear to be important, in that they support and contest a gendered hierarchy. Finally, there are examples of men, like sport coaches, appearing as genderless, which is interpreted as a hegemonic acceptance of the category of men (as universal and genderless subjects). By critically illuminating these themes, the paper adds to the wider research field of sport, coaching and education programmes and the complexity of gender mainstreaming in sport.     

太极拳运动对大学生情绪紧张度的影响

情绪紧张度是人对客观现实的一种特殊反应形式,不同的情绪紧张度能够引起不同的机体反应。对练习太极拳及太极拳比赛的大学生的情绪紧张度进行了调查统计,并对生理、心理及行为障碍3个主要影响因素进行了分析论述。     

木兰拳教学探讨

根据木兰拳的特点论述了在木兰拳教学中要重视基本功训练 ,熟悉套路 ,明确姿势 ,合理运用微格教学原理 ,充分运用音乐和注重身心放松等教学要点 ,以及要注意的事项。