Mapping next generation learning spaces as a designed quality enhancement process

The learning spaces of higher education are changing with collaborative, agile and technology-enabled spaces ever more popular. Despite the massive investment required to create these new spaces, current quality systems are poorly placed to account for the value they create. Such learning spaces are typically popular with students but the impact they have on learning outcomes is difficult to capture. Taking a design-research approach, this paper presents a way of assessing the value of learning spaces in context through systematically mapping the expectations reified in their designs. While presenting a series of specific tools that support this mapping exercise, this paper also contributes to a larger conversation about the sorts of tools and processes the academic community might use in accounting for the quality of its work.     

Ambience in social learning: student engagement with new designs for learning spaces

An imperative to develop the social experience of learning has led to the design of informal learning spaces within libraries. Yet little is known about how these spaces are used by students or how students perceive them. Field work in one such space is reported. The general private study practice of undergraduates was captured through audio diaries, while activity in the learning space was directly observed, and students provided reflective perspectives in focus groups and through spot conversations. Results suggest such spaces are popular and yet stimulate limited group work. Yet other, less intense, forms of productive collaboration did occur and a taxonomy of four such types of encounter is offered. Of particular importance to students was access to a ‘social ambience’ for study. The results encourage institutions to design for a mixed economy of student choice over learning spaces and to consider modes of encouraging diversity in their use.     

Fostering Distributed Science Learning Through Collaborative Technologies

TACTICS (French and Spanish acronym standing for Collaborative Work and Learning in Science with Information and Communications Technologies) is an ongoing project aimed at investigating a distributed community of learning and practice in which information and communications technologies (ICT) take the role of collaborative tools to support social construction of knowledge. This community is composed of researchers, graduate students, and high-school teachers and their students, from six schools and four universities in Canada and Mexico. It set out in fall 2000 to develop a community around the general topic of integrating concepts in science school subjects. Once a prototype community is established, it can become a terrain where different aspects could be studied. Subsequently, researchers could gradually take a back seat allowing as well as ensuring the autonomy of the school members involved and, thereby, the viability of the learning community. The set up of the proposed prototype distributed science learning community was therefore an essential yet far from trivial first step. This paper discusses the process of setting up the community and the lessons learned.     

门座起重机RCM维修决策系统设计

应用面向对象高级语言C#和SQL Server 2005数据库,采用风险矩阵法、模糊层次分析法、根本原因分析法、综合决策法、逻辑决策法等方法,开发一套基于RCM技术,能够完成港口门座起重机的基础信息管理,以风险为基础,具有良好目标性的维修决策系统,根据用户选择的影响因素来确定其零部件的维修方式和最佳维修周期,以提高机械设备的可靠性和安全性,为企业提供优化、系统、科学的维修决策支持。     

基于Groove的网络协作学习活动设计与实施

Groove作为一种协作工具,在网络协作学习中起到了举足轻重的作用。文章在分析Groove功能和特点的基础上,结合协作学习和网络协作学习的概念与要素,提出Groove支持下网络协作学习活动设计方式及设计出学习活动案例,以有效指导基于Groove的网络协作学习活动的开展。     

德育课程开展小组合作学习实施策略——《经济政治与社会》课程为例

小组合作学习作为当前德育课程教改的一种重要方式,是学生主体学习的重要形式,通过学生"动手实践、自主探究、合作交流"在职业学校得到普遍推广和应用。的学习方式。值得实施和推广。作为德育教师,如何实施有效的小组合作学习。     

协作学习理念的探究与展望

协作学习作为一种教学理念,在国内外教育领域中发挥了重要的作用。协作学习的内涵可以归纳为三点：主动学习和知识构建,学习中的合作和团队活动,通过解决问题来学习的内涵和理论基础。协作学习有着广泛的社会学、心理学和教育学基础。文章在介绍理论的基础上,辨析了它的两种形式：合作学习和狭义的协作学习,概括了它在学习领域中的重要作用,并结合时代特点,展望了协作学习的发展前景。     

Mining learning social networks for cooperative learning with appropriate learning partners in a problem-based learning environment

Many studies have identified web-based cooperative learning as an increasingly popular educational paradigm with potential to increase learner satisfaction and interactions. However, peer-to-peer interaction often suffers barriers owing to a failure to explore useful social interaction information in web-based cooperative learning environments. This easily leads to learners being unable to seek appropriate learning partners for facilitating effective cooperative learning. This problem frequently causes poor learning effectiveness in web-based cooperative learning environments. Generally, instructor assigned or learner selected learning peers cannot ensure to compose suitable learning partners for individual learners in cooperative learning environments. A suitable learning partner can help the learner, who is learning in the personal way and encounters the difficulty, to solve problems. Inappropriate learning partners cannot only easily lead to poor learning interaction and achievement, but can also lead to the meaning of cooperative learning being lost. Although many web-based learning systems have already been developed to assist cooperative learning, supporting peer-to-peer interaction in computer-supported cooperative learning (CSCL) is still immature. As a result, this study presents a novel scheme for recommending appropriate learning partners for individual learners utilizing mining of learning interactive social networks in a cooperative problem-based learning (PBL) environment. Results of this study show that the proposed scheme helps encourage learners to interact with learning peers more actively and positively, and facilitates learning performance in a cooperative PBL environment.     

Collaborative argumentation in academic education

The general purpose of this research is todiscover principles for the design ofeducational tasks that provoke collaborativeargumentation. The specific research questionconcentrates on the relationship betweenquestion asking and argumentation and isexamined in three different collaborativelearning tasks involving advanced universitystudents. These studies aim at providingcriteria for organising educational situationsthat elicit argumentation during which opinionschange and new knowledge is being created,within constraints (course duration, examcriteria, student expectations) set by currenthigher education. We discuss some factorsinfluencing argumentation (the role of thestudent, peer, tutor, task, instruction andmedium) and specific attention is paid toquestion asking. Then we report three studiesconducted at our educational department. Thesestudies involve comparable students, a similardomain, but differ in many other respects: themode of communication (oral, typewritten), thepresence of the tutor, instruction onargumentation and/or question asking, assignedtask goals (competition, consensus), and thetype of required outcome. Each study revealsprominence of different types of questions andquestion generation mechanisms. In addition,the relations found between question asking andargumentation change between studies. Incomparing and interpreting these studies, wediscuss results in the light of provokingcollaborative argumentation in regular academiclearning situations.     

A decision-making model of gear process for green manufacturing

~~the problem is how to be optimized the harmony of T, Q, C, R and E. The decision-making model of gear process for GM is mathematically presented by. () Min(),(),(),(),()s.t1(1)0 0 (1,2,...,) iiiguTxQxCxRxExxxxuk轾臌-=-=?X () 0 (1,2,...,,...)hvvpn==X (1) where 12[,,...]nxxx=X, xi (i=1,2,,n) refers to the involved the i-th project and is numerically 0 or…     

Effects of Collaborative and Individual Learning in a Blended Learning Environment

In courses using a virtual learning environment (VLE), some students like to work together, and some do not. If we give students the opportunity to choose either teamwork or individual study, how does this affect their marks and their appraisal and assessment of the course? This question has been investigated in the context of an English Literature course at the University of Utrecht. In this course, students work intensively with a VLE, and attend lectures: a blended learning environment. Previous research has shown that the pedagogical design used provides a powerful learning environment. This time, students had the choice of working on the course assignments in small teams (2–4 students), or individually. Both groups were compared based on their study results, and the answers to a questionnaire. Students valued the choice. Mainly those students with high marks for a previous course, which had a similar pedagogical design, preferred collaboration. Statistical analysis showed that collaboration resulted in significantly better marks.     

基于业务数据的高校图书馆决策支持系统设计

目前图书馆缺乏有效的工具来统计、分析业务数据,以便为图书馆的决策提供有效支持,为此设计一个基于业务数据的决策支持系统,并在此基础上构建数据仓储模型,实现图书馆决策的智能化.     

英语合作学习对学生自我调节效用的实验研究

本文就大学英语课堂教学中合作学习对学生自我调节效用进行实证研究。运用学习激励策略量表（MSLQ）进行了前测与后测。受试者为非英语专业大学一年级的学生（n=70）,将其随机分为两个组,一个为实验组,另一个为控制组。控制组的教学采用以教师为主要导向的传统教学方法;实验组采用以学生为中心的合作学习、团队研究解决问题的教学方法。研究结果表明,实验组的学生在内在目标取向、自我价值观念、运用借题发挥、批判性思维、元认知自我调节、同侪协作互动学习等策略的调节使用方面比控制组的学生程度要高,且两个组的成绩对比具有显著性差异。     

Effects of Instruction on Verbal Interactions During Collaborative Problem Solving

During one school year, data were collected for vocational education students while they worked collaboratively on open-ended mathematics problems. In collaboration with participating teachers, instructional activities were designed with a twofold goal of modelling the process of problem solving and improving collaboration. Instructional activities were based on scaffolding instruction and included modelling problem solving, stimulating reflection, and giving feedback on the process of collaboration. These activities were gradually developed and implemented in collaboration with teachers who participated in the study. The main research question in this study was whether student collaboration while working in small groups creates a learning context where students work on open-ended problems and where instructional activities are aimed at stimulating collaborative problem solving in mathematics.To answer the research question, an experiment was undertaken in two classes in different schools. Two groups of students were videotaped while they tried to solve mathematics problems collaboratively. Observational data were analysed with a schema that was developed as part of this research. Analyses of the data showed that, in both groups, collaboration-oriented patterns increased during the school year. It is argued that the approach of gradual implementation of instructional activities that are designed in cooperation with participating teachers is effective in stimulating collaborative problem solving.     

Team-based curriculum design as an agent of change

Curriculum design in higher education environments, namely the consideration of aims, learning outcomes, syllabus, pedagogy and assessment, can often be ad hoc and driven by informal cultural habits. Academics with disciplinary expertise may be resistant to (or ignorant of) pedagogical approaches beyond existing practice. In an environment where there is a need to develop online activities for students, one way to counter this friction is through a team-based approach underpinned by design-thinking. A design-thinking team brings together content, pedagogical and technical expertise to examine and resolve curriculum design issues. This paper explores a number of case studies in which such teams developed units of study and programmes for online delivery. The paper looks at the possibilities that the team approach can be a vehicle to instigate cultural change within and beyond the team; that is, from an individualist to a collective approach and ownership of the curriculum and its design, maintenance and continuous improvement.     

Curricular decision-making among public sex educators

The content of sex education in government-funded schools in the USA varies dramatically and reflects its contested nature and goals. Drawing from 50 interviews with sex educators working in the public, government-funded school system in a Midwestern US state, this study explores the processes through which sex educators decide what and how to teach. Working from the theoretical framework of argument sphere theory, and, specifically, socio-scientific controversy, we find that sex educators often resolve the competing arguments they face through processes that we call deliberative conflation and deliberative co-optation. Deliberative conflation involves the use of criteria from one or more argumentative spheres to judge evidence appropriate to a different sphere. Deliberative co-optation involves the use of discourse practices from one sphere to make arguments actually grounded in another. Both of these processes enable the reconciliation of otherwise incommensurate arguments, but they do so in ways that foster unstable and ambiguous curricular decisions. Our findings provide guidance towards improving sex education and its attendant outcomes.     

Learning How (and How Not) to Weld: Vocational Learning in Technical Vocational Education

This article focuses on vocational learning in technical vocational education in upper-secondary school, with a special focus on the object of learning to weld. A concrete teaching situation where the learning object to weld is the focus of the interaction between a vocational teacher and an upper-secondary student was documented by a video camera and then analysed from two different perspectives: a conversation analytical perspective and a variation theory perspective. The combination of the two perspectives allows a study of learning that deals with issues regarding both form and content, which may increase our understanding of vocational learning in technical vocational education in upper-secondary school.     

中国教育财政决策机制的路径分析

In China’s current educational fiscal decision making, problems are as follows: no law to trust or not abiding by available laws, absence of equity and efficiency, as well as the standardization of decision-making procedures. It is necessary to set up effective fiscal decision-making mechanism in education and rationally devise reliable paths. Translated from Jiaoyu Lilun Yu Shijian 教育理论与实践 (Theory and Practice of Education), 2006, (4): 14–17     

教育分权与大学自主

赋予大学更多的自主权,是当今政府在分权政策指导下对公立大学进行改革所达成的共识。从形式上看,这似乎是对大学作为学术性组织自身逻辑的一种观照。但就实质而言,政府在分权政策指导下对大学自主的定位是为了摆脱目前的财政危机,是基于经济利益的市场本位,是新公共管理理论的价值取向在高等教育领域的反映,与学术本位的大学自主存在着内在冲突。     

Professional judgement and decision-making in the planning process of high-level adventure sports coaching practice

This investigation examined the planning and decision-making processes in adventure sports coaching. We utilised a thematic analysis approach to investigate the planning decision-making practices of a sample of high-level adventure sports coaches over a series of sessions. The investigation discovered that, in planning coaching activity, high-level adventure sports coaches draw on their epistemological values and domain-specific expertise, employ a synergy of classic and naturalistic decision-making processes, and continually audit the evolving coaching process. Based on these findings, implications for professional training, accreditation and development of adventure sports coaches are presented.