新平衡计分卡模型:一种测度基本公共教育服务均衡发展状况的新工具

随着中国教育服务均等化进程的深入,急需一种新工具来测度基本公共教育服务均衡发展的状况,新平衡计分卡模型应运而生。新平衡计分卡是基于平衡计分卡模型,针对教育服务测度进行专门创新而产生的新型工具,它不仅是一种测度工具更是一种管理工具;它既能对教育服务均等化进行测度,又能平衡教育管理过程中产生的财务与非财务、短期与长期、子目标与总目标、结果与过程等因素之间的关系,保障基本公共教育服务均衡朝着更深层次切实有效地发展。     

教育均衡发展:理论、指标和测算方法

Educational balance refers to the ideal that educational organizations and people who receive education enjoy equal treatment in educational activities under the thought of fair education and principle of educational equity, and the educational policy as well as legal system that guarantee its actual operations. The essence of balanced education development is to pursue educational equity and realize fair education. In terms of macroanalysis, it is the balance of educational supply and demand. In terms of mesoanalysis, it is the balance of educational resource disposition. In terms of microanalysis, it is the balance of school teaching processes, including the balance of the internal curriculum teaching resource disposition, and the balance of educational results as well as educational evaluation. Balanced education development is a historical category, which can be divided into four stages according to its achievement level. It is of great actual significance to establish the balancing index of fundamental educational development, especially the compulsory educational development, which is suitable for our national conditions and realities, to scientifically select the elements and to clarify the target of fundamental balanced education development. The data analysis indicates that the balancing index of our fundamental education in China is approaching this balance. __________ Translated from Jiaoyu Yanjiu 教育研究 (Educational Research), 2006, (6): 16–28     

LOCEP——一种基于集群系统的负载均衡算法

负载均衡算法是多任务实时集群系统的一个关键技术．在分析了常见的均衡调度算法后,LOCEP算法通过对URL进行词典排序,按内容等分,依访问流量排序及分段互补等一系列方法将Web负载尽可能均匀地分布到多个后端服务器中．该算法比现有的方法具有更好的负载均衡能力．     

基础教育内涵发展均衡度评估指标构建及在渝西地区的实践*

本文基于我国统筹城乡教育发展大背景,结合重庆市城乡二元结构突出及统筹城乡教育建设实际案例,提出基于教育基尼系数建构基础教育内涵发展均衡度监测评估指标体系,并应用这些指标分析渝西某地区的教育发展均衡度。指出区域教育要想更有作为,必须以先进的理念为指导、以科学的方法为支撑,构建合理的基础教育内涵发展均衡度评估指标以促进教育均衡的良性发展。     

基于最优化的能耗均衡分簇路由协议

为了均衡传统分簇路由算法中的簇间传输能耗,减少簇首更换开销,提出基于最优化模型的能耗均衡分簇路由协议 opt_leach。将区域节点划分成大小相同的簇,均衡不同簇的簇内通信开销;簇间通信采用多种路由组合的方式通信,均衡簇间通信开销;簇内节点可以连续充当簇首,减少簇首更换开销。实验结果表明,与传统分簇路由算法相比,该算法可更好地实现能耗均衡,延长网络生存时间。     

权力与权利平衡的内在特性与实现机制

在行政法律关系中。行政主体和相对人之间一直处于一种不平等的地位。随着社会的进步和民主法治的不断发展,公权力与私权利之间在总体上、结构上、动态中处于平衡、平等,行政相对人的权利得到尊重,是现代行政法律关系的发展趋势。论文在分析权力与权利平衡的内在特性的基础上,从平等原则、中立规则和诚实信用法则等方面探讨了权力与权利平衡的实现机制。     

基于多小波分析的空间数据挖掘方法研究

探讨了在空间数据挖掘系统中采用多小波算法处理目标空间海量数据的方法,结合空间数据挖掘系统的体系结构,给出了基于多小波变换的空间数据挖掘的结构模型,探讨了多小波的性质、平衡多小波的构造、空间数据发掘的过程。     

Ad hoc网络中一种自适应的负载均衡机制

An adaptive load balancing scheme is proposed to balance the load in ad hoc networks. The new scheme can be applied in most on-demand routing protocols resulting in significant performance improvement. The proposed scheme is applied to the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. Simulation results show that the network load is balanced on the whole, and performance in packet loss rate, routing overhead and average end-to-end delay is also improved.     

车用动力电池组均衡电路分析与设计

随着能源及环保问题的日益加剧,各国都在大力发展电动汽车。然而电池技术的不成熟,特别是电池成组使用时的不一致性成为制约电动汽车发展的最大瓶颈。为了均衡电池组单体存在的差异性,提高电池组的整体性能,分析了几种常见的电池组均衡电路的优缺点,从中选出一种均衡方案,对电池组进行均衡管理和控制,以达到良好的均衡效果,提高串联电池组的整体性能。     

教育均衡发展:理论、指标及测算方法

教育均衡实质上是指在教育公平思想和教育平等原则的支配下,教育机构和受教育者在教育活动中有平等待遇的理想和确保其实际操作的教育政策和法律制度。教育均衡发展的本质是追求教育平等,实现教育公平。教育均衡发展从宏观层面分析是教育供给与需求的均衡,从中观层面分析是教育资源配置的均衡,从微观层面分析是学校教育过程包括内部课程教学资源配置的均衡、教育结果的均衡以及教育评价的均衡。教育均衡发展是一个历史范畴,按其实现程度可分为四个阶段。建立适应我国国情的基础教育特别是义务教育均衡发展指数,科学地选择基础教育均衡发展的要素,明确基础教育均衡发展的目标,具有重要的现实意义。数据分析表明,我国基础教育从整体上看正在趋向均衡。     

论信托外部关系中的债权性利益冲突及其平衡机制的构建

信托利益平衡机制决定着信托制度的命运。信托外部关系的利益冲突无法通过内部的信托契约得以化解,必须依靠信托法加以调节。通过分析信托外部关系利益冲突的根源及特征,将其中的债权性利益冲突类型化,试图构建平衡信托外部关系利益冲突的专门机制。     

人口城镇化与城乡统筹发展

中国改革开放以来人口城镇化加快发展进程中,城乡二元结构受到了很大冲击但又凸显新的矛盾,这些矛盾在很大程度上集中体现为农民工问题.统筹城乡发展必须充分关注城镇化的城乡差别效应.要以城镇化为主线大力推进城乡统筹的综合改革,以城乡统筹为主线加快推进城镇化健康发展,以农民工问题为突破口努力开创城乡统筹发展的新局面.     

基于预测阈值的动态权值负载均衡算法

为优化整个服务器集群负载,提出一种基于预测阈值的动态权值负载均衡算法。动态评估服务器性能,根据评估结果计算服务器权值,并引入反映集群负载平衡程度和状态的阈值,以避免因频繁修改权值造成服务器抖动;使用 Holt-Winters 对访问量进行预测,并通过结果预测阈值,实现复杂负载环境下的负载均衡,达到最优负载均衡。实验结果表明,预测阈值的动态权值负载均衡算法在低并发以及高并发时都有很好的性能表现,能够提升系统的最大吞吐量,减少响应时间,提高整个集群利用率。     

Competing Strategies to Balance the Budgets of Publicly Funded Higher Education Institutions

This paper compares and contrasts different strategies to balance academic institutions’ operating budgets. Some strategies use economic theory to recommend a budgeting technique, others use management methods to cut cost, and some strategies use a management accounting approach to reach a balanced budget. Through the use of a simplified numerical example of a breakeven analysis model, this paper argues that excess capacity and high enrolment levels are needed for some proposed budget balancing recommendations to work. It also argues that low enrolment institutions and academic units need to be subsidized to keep their doors open.     

A study of the effect of HyperCard and pen-paper performance assessment methods on expert-novice chemistry problem solving

This study investigated HyperCard as a tool for assessment in science education and determined whether or not a HyperCard assessment instrument could differentiate between expert and novice student performance (balancing stoichiometric equations) in science education. Five chemical equations were presented by traditional pen-paper and by a HyperCard (Hyperequation) program. Thirty honors (expert) and 30 regular (novice) chemistry students were randomly divided into HyperCard and traditional pen-paper groups of 15 students each. Scoring was based on five dependent variables: performance scores, number of attempts, rate of attempts, time on task, and correctness. Correlation results indicated that students with high performance scores correctly balanced more equations, required fewer attempts to balance equations, and required less time per attempt than did students with low performance scores. MANOVA results showed that performance scores and correctness scores for both experts and novice were significantly higher on HyperCard compared to pen-paper assessment; the novice scores on HyperCard nearly equaled the expert pen-paper assessment scores. Significant interactions were found for time on task and for correctness. The results suggest that HyperCard can be a suitable tool for assessment in science education and that such an instrument can differentiate between expert and novice student performance.     

两轮自平衡车控制系统的研究

分析了两轮自平衡车的总体原理及数学模型,针对单个传感器在两轮平衡车姿态检测中存在的干扰和漂移误差问题,采用互补滤波算法对加速度计和陀螺仪输出的数据进行融合演算,对噪声干扰进行了良好的抑制,提高了输出姿态角的准确性。针对两轮平衡车自平衡控制问题,采用比例、积分、微分控制器,使平衡车的平衡系统得到良好的直立平衡控制。仿真数据和实验结果表明,该方法解决了单个传感器对姿态角测量误差大的问题,达到要求的控制性能。     

基于多进制小波变换的B超图像分类

纹理分析是肝脏B超图像识别的重要方法,本文利用多进制小波变换提取脂肪肝和正常肝脏的纹理特征,结合空域特性对B超肝脏图像进行分类,采用自适应浮动搜索算法进行特征筛选,经实验测试,取得了较好的效果。     

职业教育均衡发展评价体系的构建

职业教育均衡发展所指的是教育机会、资源配置、专业结构和教育质量的均衡。要实现职业教育的均衡发展,必须在坚持发展性、科学性、可行性、可比性和完整性等原则的前提下,构建具有我国特色的职业教育均衡发展评价指标体系,并相应细化评价指标的权重及评分标准。为了反映职业教育均衡发展水平,可运用极差、方差和标准差等方法对各区域得分进行分析与评价。     

欠发达地区统筹城乡发展推进城乡一体化的思考

欠发达地区要统筹城乡发展必须以壮大县域经济作为实现城乡统筹发展的切入点,加快城镇化进程实现以城带乡、城乡互动,加快体制创新步伐,构建整体推进城乡一体化的制度体系,加强政府统筹城乡发展的能力建设,不断推进城乡一体化进程。