Career prospects in British universities

A manpower planning model is used to examine the likely effects of slower university growth on the career prospects of staff in British universities. Various policies have been suggested as ways of easing the expected promotion blockages, such as lowering the age of retirement, changing the tenure arrangements and encouraging mid-career secondment of staff to other organisations. It is found that, for the British university system, such policies would have to be very drastic to be effective in keeping promotion ages at their present values.An alternative approach is suggested in which the senior grade sizes would be allowed to vary over time so as to prevent staff promotion prospects from declining, and the cost of such a policy is estimated. The model is also used to give some indications of the future prospects for postgraduate students seeking university employment.     

关于高校综合档案管理现代化建设的探析

随着社会经济的快速发展,信息技术水平的不断提升,传统的管理观念也发生了一定的变化,特别是在当前现代化进程不断深入的背景下,如何实现现代化管理成为了社会各领域比较关注的焦点。本文中,笔者首先阐述了高校综合档案管理现代化的目标,然后分析了高校档案管理工作过程中存在的问题,最后就高校综合档案管理的现代化建设提出了几点建议,希望能够为今后的相关研究提供参考。     

The research orientation of British universities

British universities differ considerably in the strength of their research orientation. Those of higher prestige tend to have a stronger orientation towards research, while those of lower prestige have a weaker research orientation, A university that is strongly research oriented in one group of subjects is likely to be so in the others it teaches too. It is the conventional wisdom that a good researcher is likely to be a good teacher at undergraduate level, and the negative relationship between the degree of research orientation and undergraduate wastage rates provides some slight support for this. The relationship between research and teaching seems to be more an indirect one (that anyone with the ability to do good research is likely to have the ability to teach well at university level) than a direct one (research makes a university teacher a better teacher).     

英国高校实验教学的分析与启示

该文介绍了英国高校的"能力教育"和"基于行动的学习"的教育理念,论述了教、做、学三位一体的教学模式和以能力训练为核心的实验教学体系,分析了伯明翰大学电子工程学院的实验教学及特色,对比了北京工业大学和伯明翰大学的本科教学计划,比较了两校实验、作业的不同内涵、特点及效果,提出了对我国实验教学改革的一些建议.     

感悟英国高校多元化的教学方法

从思维教育、从做中学、弹性教学等几个方面,介绍了英国多元化的教学方法.在此基础上,探讨了目前我国高校在创新人才培养上的缺失,总结了英国高校的教学方法对我国教学改革的启示.     

新建本科院校教学管理队伍建设的研讨

教学管理队伍是高等学校一支不可替代的重要力量,其综合素质的高低,直接影响着高校的办学水平和教育质量。文章深入分析了当前新建本科院校教学管理队伍建设方面普遍存在的问题,从提高重视程度、调动积极性、提高业务水平、提升研究和实践能力等4个方面探讨加强教学管理队伍建设的方式与途径。     

我国大学权力结构中学生权力缺失现象的思考

学生权力在大学权力结构中逐渐占据一定重要的位置,而我国大学权力结构中学生权力还处于缺失的状态,本文认为这种现象是由于社会观念、教育传统、学生权力发展历史以及高等教育管理体制等各方面原因造成,并在此基础上进行思考。     

Trade union studies in British universities: Changing patterns,changing problems

In Japan, the average span of human life is expanding rapidly and the gap in education between the elderly and the younger generation is becoming wider. Though local education authorities provide many courses for older groups, most of them are short and include too many subjects. Successful courses offer the elderly opportunities to learn about modern society in relation to their personal experiences. Kominkans (Citizens’ Public Halls) play an important role in enhancing co‐operative learning between generations.     

英国大学海外办学实践及启示

英国在100多年的海外办学实践中,率先实施了校外学位修读等教育教学制度,形成了考教分离、合办大学、海外分校、教学中心等完备的海外办学模式;依靠独特的海外评审等有效质量保障措施,强化了其海外办学的质量和声誉。创新与适应使其持续保持国际上领先地位。其输出优质教育资源、调整办学策略等经验对我国大学具有借鉴和启示作用。     

Export market orientation behavior of universities: the British scenario

This study seeks to extend our knowledge of export market orientation (EMO) in the context of British universities with regard to recruitment of international students. Export marketing remains an area of limited focus in the marketization of higher education literature. The study predominantly follows a quantitative research design using survey methods. A sample of British universities was studied and partial least-squares analysis was performed. The findings indicate that four export higher education-specific variables are important drivers of EMO in universities. The paper also confirms EMO's direct effects on university export performance and its indirect effects mediated through university international reputation. In light of these findings, a number of implications are advanced for university management. The study also makes important theoretical contributions: it contributes to a growing body of literature on marketing of higher education; it enriches the export marketing literature by examining EMO in a service setting and it adds to the EMO–export performance relationship by examining the mediating role of international reputation. The findings are limited to British universities. Therefore, they may not be generalizable to other geographical areas. In addition, the results of this study were obtained from a small sample size and generalization of the findings to other higher education institutions should be made with caution.     

教育现代化背景下高校教学管理的开展策略

在教育逐步实现现代化的今天,高校教学管理也应该及时转变理念、更新管理模式,实现教学管理的现代化。本文首先结合本次研究课题,对教育现代化的涵义进行了分析,同时也对高校教学管理的特点进行了介绍。以期帮助我们及时认识教学管理现代化的必要性。最后,笔者针对高校教学管理现状以及教育现代化的思想精髓,对如何实现高校教学管理的现代化进行了探讨。     

两次世界大战之间英国大学发展研究

两次世界大战期间英国大学教育数量发展平缓,科技教育发展不足;建立大学拨款委员会是这一时期大学教育发展的突破点,也是英国大学管理制度创新的范例;大学经费资助政策的倾斜与兼顾促进了英国不同层次大学的发展。     

从管理到治理:高校党建引领高等教育治理现代化

历史实践证明,党的建设融入高校管理体系为建构我国社会主义高等教育体制起到奠基作用,为高等教育的健康发展提供了基本保障.长期以来,党的建设为我国高等教育治理现代化开新局、出新策、发新力,走出了一条中国特色高等教育治理的新路,成为高校治理现代化的核心组成部分.面向未来,党建引领高等教育现代化要着眼于人、着手于人,围绕"用好人""管好人""育好人"三个方面开展工作,确保高等教育治理方向正、规矩好、风气清.     

高校非英语专业英美文学课堂模式探究

现今高校非英语专业英语课程内容以大学英语精读和听说为主,同时教师针对大学英语考试做出相应的指导;到了高年级不同的大学根据学生的专业特点和实际需求开设专业英语,可见非英语专业学生的英语学习还局限在以应试和就业为目的学习模式中。英美文学在很大程度上被师生忽视,这一现象应该引起英语教学研究者足够的重视。对于文学作品的阅读和赏析是提高学习者语言能力和文学素养的必经之路。本文主要以任务型教学为理论基础,探究高校非英语专业英美文学课堂模式,进而改善教学效果,提高大学生的文学素养。     

英国行政裁判所程序规则分析——兼与我国行政复议程序规则比较

英国行政裁判所程序区别于法院严格的裁判程序。行政裁判所的种类繁多,各裁判所受理的案件差异大,无法制定一部适用于一切行政裁判所的程序法典来对程序规则作统一规定。行政裁判所适用的程序规则不同于我国行政复议程序规则,主要有对抗主义模式、言词审理原则、不受严格证据规则约束、裁决依多数人通过和不严守先例、上诉程序多元等规则。该程序规则的可取之处对完善我国行政复议程序有一定借鉴价值。     

The impacts of financial reductions on British universities: 1981–84

This paper arises from a research project funded by the Department of Education and Science which was concerned primarily with nine British Universities' responses to and the impacts of the University Grants Committee's recurrent grant reductions during the period 1981–84. The responses are summarised briefly prior to considering the impacts on the universities. It is concluded that whilst a number of the universities successfully developed and implemented plans to reduce staff and student numbers, to reduce expenditure and to increase income from non-government sources, there were serious negative impacts which suggest a further period of financial stringency would constrain the capacity to undertake effective teaching and research and to respond to the changing needs of society.