引导学生确立有效的数学信念

1．数学信念及其对数学学习的影响 数学信念是数学学习心理研究的重要内容之一。它是人对于数学准则的某些观念抱有坚定的确信感和深刻的信任感的意识倾向．学生数学信念成分由情感与认知相互交叉部分组成,主要包括二部分：（1）学生对自我与数学学习、问题解决关系的看法;（2）学生对数学本质、数学学习、问题解决的看法;     

外语教学中的教师信念

越来越多的研究证明教师信念直接影响教师的教学方法和教学效果。根据现代认知语言学理论,教师的隐喻组织并反映其教学信念。本文通过一项隐喻研究揭示了外语教学中有关教师角色的教师信念,为外语教学及教师培训提供了一定借鉴。     

学生数学认识信念的研究述评

学生数学认识信念是理解学生数学学习过程的关键成分之一.学生认识信念的研究属于个体认识论研究范畴.研究发现,学生的数学认识信念对学习产生消极影响,即学生所持有的信念对促进学习是无效的.目前,对影响学生认识信念形成的因素研究主要发生在数学教育领域,而关于学生认识信念的发展研究主要集中在教育心理学界.关于数学认识信念对学习影响的研究主要集中在学生数学认识信念对数学学习的情感和动机、行为参与、认知过程和数学学业成就的影响.学生数学认识信念的形成与发展,既深受学生的学习环境的影响,又深刻影响了自身的学习过程.     

要重视学生数学信念的培养

章建跃认为数学观念(信念)是认知结构中的“监控系统”，在具体的数学认知活动中，它起着控制和调节作用，是提高数学活动的自觉性、正确性、速度和效率的保证。郑毓信、梁惯成在数学问题解决的研究中这样定义信念：“所谓观念(或信念，belief)是指解题的数学观、数学教育观及对自我解题能力的认识或信念。”他们的研究表明，     

教学隐喻视角下小学教师教学信念的变迁

本研究通过以教师和学生为中心的两大维度和20个具体隐喻构成的问卷对100名小学教师入职前后教学信念变迁情况进行了调查。研究结果显示,小学教师入职后对以教师为中心的教学隐喻认同显著增强,主要体现在四个隐喻:"商店—售货员—顾客""维修厂—修理师—轿车""法庭—法官—嫌疑犯"和"监狱—警卫员—罪犯";小学教师入职前后对以学生为中心的教学隐喻的认同都较高,没有显著差异,但入职后对"托儿所—保育员—婴儿"和"实验室—工具提供者—实验者"两个隐喻的认同显著提高。教学隐喻是教师教育者了解教师教学信念和教师反思自身教学信念的重要方式,可以促进教师教学信念的转变。     

英汉"人是物体"概念隐喻的对比分析

认知语言学认为,隐喻是普遍存在的,是人类的一种认知工具。语言中遍布的隐喻表达是由于人类概念系统中存在着概念隐喻,但不同文化中的概念隐喻是否相同需要跨文化的研究。语料表明在英汉中都存在"人是物体"这个概念隐喻,而对比由此衍生出来的隐喻表达,可以为概念隐喻提供跨文化方面的依据,并为一词多义现象提供了合理的解释,这对语言的教与学都有帮助。     

高中生数学认识信念的调查与思考

学生的数学认识信念（以下简称“学生信念”）是指学生对数学知识和知识认识过程的素朴看法或观点．大量研究表明,学生信念深藏在他们的行为表现、认知过程、情感体验的背后,像一只无形的手,指引着学习过程,深刻影响着学习结果．如果简单地说,认知领域主要解决学生“知与不知”的问题,情意领域主要解决学生“愿与不愿”的问题,而信念领域则主要解决学生“信与不信”的问题．如果不能解决好学生“信与不信”的问题,将深刻影响“愿与不愿”和“知与不知”的问题的解决．本研究基于调查、个案分析,试图探讨高中生信念的基本现状,并提出一些思考．     

广东省城镇高一学生数学认识信念的性别差异研究

学生的数学认识信念直接或间接地影响了数学认知的理解、问题解决过程、迁移,以及认知策略的选择。本研究调查发现:广东省城镇高一学生的数学认识信念无性别差异。应消除"在数学学习上,女生天生就不如男生"的传统看法,平等对待男、女生的信念。     

词汇的理据性——隐喻理论与词汇的隐喻化

语言既有任意性的一面,也有理据性的一面。隐喻理论是解释语言词汇层面的理据性、系统性的最重要理论之一。本文运用莱考夫的隐喻理论,主要以cool为语料分析探讨词汇的隐喻化现象和过程,研究发现：（1）词汇层面普遍存在着隐喻化现象;（2）对于相当多的词汇而言,其语义的产生是通过隐喻思维认知方式构建起来的;（3）当词汇语义以隐喻认知方式延伸时,词汇的本义和它的延伸义之间的主要关系特征是“相似性”。     

隐喻:教师信念研究的重要途径

教师信念是教师素质的重要组成部分。教师信念不仅影响其教育教学行为和学生的自我信念以及发展质量,而且对于教师自我专业化发展有着重要影响。优秀教师往往以教育叙事的方式来表达其教育信念以及教育教学行为的变化。隐喻是教师教育叙事中强有力的风格策略。通过对教师教育叙事中显性和隐性隐喻的分析,能够很好地揭示教师信念。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.