Determination of the volatile fraction of coal tar

The coal tar was qualitative and quantitative anMyzed by gas chromatography （GC） method. 74 components were identified exactly by gas chromatographY-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. 31 components （37%） were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector （GC-FID）. The linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection （LOD） and limit of quantitative （LOQ） determination were inspected. The scope of quantitative analysis by CC was discussed. The experimental results of thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） proved that GC quantitative analysis of the coal tar was reliable.     

SE-12m毛细柱在馏分含萘测定中的应用

本文选用长12米的毛细柱对煤焦油馏分中萘的测定进行了研究,实验结果表明,采用该毛细管柱具有分离效果好,结果准确,重现性好,分析时间短等特点,可替换填充柱,同时也为短毛细柱在分析中的应用提供了参考。     

氨水管道结垢分析

本研究了焦化厂氨水管道的结垢原因。管垢组成及含量等,并为管垢的减少和除去提出了意义的建议。     

室内空间装饰分隔与整合

居室空间需要层次。用装饰艺术的手法整舍居室空间，营造功能各异区域。色彩的变化、材质肌理的变异、光照的强弱、界面的上吊下抬，凹入凸出，灵巧的隔断把空间分分合合，凸现丰富的层次感。挖掘中华民族传统居空精华，使人与环境更和谐。     

聚氯乙烯改性煤焦油水性涂料的研制

文章介绍了煤焦油与聚氯乙烯共混改性的方法,探讨了聚氯乙烯与增塑剂用量对共混物性能的影响;本文同时给出了利用膨润土将聚氯乙烯-煤焦油共混物分散于水中制备水性涂料的方法,并对该涂料性能进行了测试．测试结果表明,除断裂伸长率较低外,该涂料与水乳型沥青防水涂料性能类似,考虑到该涂料优异的低温柔性能够补充断裂伸长率的不足,可以做出该涂料满足防水要求的结论．     

论我国的教育与宗教相分离

教育与宗教相分离是我国的一项基本政策。切实排除国民教育领域内的宗教影响 ,对于全面贯彻教育方针、实现社会主义的培养目标具有重要的意义。教育与宗教相分离有其基本含义和实施依据 ,学校教育在贯彻教育与宗教相分离这一原则时 ,也有基本要求     

生物工程膜分离技术

生物工程是当今世界高技术发展的重要领域。下游技术是生物高技术实现产业化的关键。膜分离技术是下游技术中一项新近发展的、具有广泛应用前景的单元操作．本文介绍了膜分离技术的优点、几种主要膜分离过程及其操作中存在的问题。     

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.     

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.     

价值理性与工具理性：从历史分离到现实整合

价值理性和工具理性的协同作用将构造出人的良好精神世界,并影响着“人——社会——自然”大系统的运行状态。近代以来,工具理性的越位和价值理性的失落有着哲学上的深层次原因。要重新整合二者的关系,妥善解决日益严重的生态问题和社会问题,构建一个和谐社会,就要在哲学与实践两个层面上实现人类观念和活动方式的根本变革。     

生物碱的提取与分离

生物碱是一类广泛存在于植物中的碱性含氮化合物,是许多药用植物的有效成分之一,其药用价值已经受到人们的广泛关注.生物碱的提取与分离方法也在不断地改进和发展中,本文综述了近年来,不同的提取和分离方法在生物碱提取分离中的应用和进展.随着人们对生物碱药用价值的认识提高,生物碱的提取与分离方法将更加高效、迅速、完善.     

Emissions of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds from residential coal combustion in China

Emissions of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and carbonyls from residential coal combustion of five coals with different maturities were studied in a simulated room.The coals were burned in form of honeycomb briquettes in a domestic coal stove,one of the most common fuel/stove combinations in China.Through a dilution system,VOCs and carbonyls samples were collected by canisters and silica-gel cartridges and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrum （GC/MS） and high performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet （HPLC/UV）,respectively.The results show that the bituminous coals with medium volatile matter content produce the highest emissions while the anthracite yields the lowest.Among the identified carbonyls from the coal smoke,the aromatic compounds （benzaldehyde,2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and p-tolualdehyde,m/o-tolualdehyde,benzene,m,p-xylene and trimethyl-benzene） were relatively abundant,which might be due to the molecular structure of the coal.For formaldehyde,aromatic carbonyls and aliphatic alkanes,their concentrations increase up to the maximum values and then decrease with increasing coal maturity.The total carbonyls and VOCs have the same tendency,which was observed for the emission factors of organic carbon （OC）,elemental carbon （EC）,particulate matter （PM） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） detected in the series study.     

泡沫浮选分离法的应用进展

泡沫浮选分离法是在矿物分离中一种常用的方法，在近些年人们把它应用到分析化学的分离富集物质中取得了显著的成绩，我们对这一方法进行了总结，并展望了它的应用前景。     

分离公理的关系

通过对拓扑空间上分离公理之间的讨论得出公理关系链 ,主要给出了各分离公理不能包含的例子。     

关注点分离在ASP中的应用与研究

ASP是一种动态网页技术,被广泛应用于建设具有交互能力的Web站点。但ASP技术缺乏职责分离的思想,使得ASP页面中混杂着网页显示代码和业务处理代码,导致网页美工和代码设计人员的工作无法彻底分离,这样就难以适应大型项目开发和将来的需求变化。文中讨论了如何基于ASP自身的技术实现页面视图与数据处理的彻底分离。     

柱层析分离甲基托布津粗品中杂质的研究

利用硅胶柱层析和薄层层析分离甲基托布津合成产物中的微量杂质。柱层析分离杂质的适宜条件：0.5mL的粗品上硅胶（80-100目）的层析柱,流动相为乙酸乙酯∶石油醚（3∶2,V/V）,流速为0.9mL·min-1,并通过高效液相色谱及时测定结果,经过多次富集得到杂质纯品,并由液质联用仪和核磁共振分析杂质结构,得出杂质是因为反应过程中发生副反应（水解或者氧化）,所以应创造无氧的反应条件。     

会计工作不相容岗位相分离刍议

会计工作不相容岗位相分离对于规范财会人员行为、维护单位利益具有重要的价值,实践中可以从完善会计凭证、构建权责一致的分工体系、建立监督检查机制等途径推动岗位分离目标的实现。     

超过滤技术及其应用

超过滤是膜分离技术中应用性较好的一种 ,介绍了超过滤技术的特点和在多个领域内的应用现状 ,这些表明 ,超过滤技术由于其低能耗、高效率和常温操作的特点具有良好的应用前景 .     

以表面活性剂为基础的泡沫分离

基于表面活性剂的泡沫分离是集分离和浓缩两项功能于一身,以界面吸附为基础的分离技术。在矿物浮选,物质分离提纯,废水处理等领域中正得到越来越广泛的应用。     

纤维素提取分离技术研究进展

纤维素是一种丰富的生物质资源,具有可再生、可降解等优点,其转化和利用被认为是发展可持续能源的有效途径.本文从近几年的国内外科技文献(尤其是专利)入手,研究并综述了从天然纤维素原料中分离提取纤维素的工艺,分析并指出实现清洁分级分离纤维素、木质素、半纤维素,做到木质纤维素全生物量优化利用才是组分分离的未来.