英语语调与话语含义的语用推导

英语语调是说话人组织话语意义的一种手段，是达到交际目的的一个重要组成部分。不同的语调可以传递不同的信息和话语含义。语调的话语功能是不容忽视的。在言语交际中，发话人通过语调的常规及非常规使用来表达句子的常规及非常规意义。受话人则根据语调，结合语境及会话“合作原则”来推导句子的隐含意义。语调也是发话人传递新信息的一种交际策略。用关联理论的话来说，受话人可根据语调，获得新信息并改变自己旧的语境假设，以最佳关联为取向，去推导话语含义。因此，英语语调在话语合义推导中起着重要的作用。     

论英语语境对语义的影响

语言语境与人们说话的方式、语义、词汇以及词语的搭配都有着很大的关联;在日常交流中,语音语境(如说话人的语音、语调甚至重音)对听话人的理解都会产生巨大的影响;不同于语言语境,情景语境则会依赖于时间、地点、谈话者的身份等多种因素对话语的意义产生影响;文化语境是除语言语境和情景语境之外对人们的理解、交流、甚至英语学习造成最大影响的因素之一。     

论英语脏话的话语标记功能

英语脏话作为一种特殊的语言现象,一直被认为只存在消极的意义和影响。但在特定的语境下,英语脏话却起着积极的作用。文章通过对话语标记语的语用功能和英语脏话的语言特点的分析,探讨英语脏话的话语标记功能。     

合作原则和礼貌原则在大学英语听说教学中的应用

大学英语听说教学从传统的培养学生的语言知识转化为培养学生的语言能力,使学生能够根据会话的前后语境推断出说话人的态度和隐含意义。合作原则和礼貌原则是培养语言能力所必须的语用原则。探讨合作原则和礼貌原则在大学英语听说教学中的指导作用,以此来提高大学生的英语听说水平以及英语实际运用能力。     

从语言的经济性和冗余性看英语学习中的语用充实

英语学习的目的在于交际，而交际的过程是理解意义的过程。具体话语意义的理解总是依靠一定的语境，是其在一定语境下对话语的语用充实。语用充实体现了语言经济性和冗余性的特点。     

试论电视广告语言的语境

以现代电视广告语言为对象，简要分析电视广告语言的语境及其对话语理解的推动作用，初步探讨语境理论对广告创作的启示与要求，提出了语境与语言配置的三条原则：呼应原则、沟通原则、协调原则。     

语篇分析理论与外语听力教学

听力理解是一个复杂的语言解码过程，听力理解的对象是语篇而不是孤立的句子或单词，受此理念的驱使，本文认为，语篇分析理论中宏观结构、微观结构、语境以及会话合作原则对外语听力教学具有理论指导意义。     

从合作原则探析英语会话幽默

幽默是一种言语的艺术。其产生和发展与语言本身的内在规律和语境相关。本文从语用学的角度。根据会话合作原则的四项准则,探讨英语幽默产生的原因并结合实例予以说明,从而为人们更好地理解和掌握英语,提高鉴赏和运用英语的能力提供帮助。     

英语幽默的语用学管窥

幽默言语是一种特殊的言语交际,作为语言中普遍存在的现象．与语用有着密切的关系。幽默的理解从根本上讲属于语用范畴．因为它关注的不是语言的形式而是语言在语境使用中隐藏于语言外表下的“弦外之音”。本文拟从合作原则和关联理论两个经典语用学视角出发,结合英语幽默实例。对幽默言语进行解读,明晰违背合作原则在幽默产生过程中所发挥的重要作用,并阐述关联理论对英语幽默的较强解释力。     

合作原则在英语电影片名翻译中的体现

英语电影片名的翻译是翻译大家族中的一员,也是一种特殊的"影视"语言。由于外语影视作品中的文化内蕴迥异于中文,它研究在特定情景中的特定话语,研究如何更好的通过语境来理解和使用翻译语言达到交际目的,其必然离不开语用学的影响。通过研究对外国影视作品片名的中文翻译,阐述了其与合作原则四准则的相关联性。同时,也讨论了影视翻译中合作原则对翻译手法和技巧的指导作用。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.