Gender differences in attitudes towards learning oral skills using technology

This paper reports a quantitative study on gender differences in attitudes when learning oral skills via technology. The study was conducted at Tafila Technical University, Jordan, with 70 female and 30 male students, to find out if female students are better and faster in learning a language than male. Specifically, it seeks to investigate differences in attitudes between females and males in terms of practicality, confidence and anxiety. The results of the study show that there were no significant differences between female and male students when comparing the pre- and post-test mean scores. Both genders establish the same levels of attitudes before and after undergoing this course, which suggests that the exposure to language learning using technology did not contribute to any significant gender inequality. The paired sample t-test results showed improved attitudes toward learning oral skills in both females and males. The study also indicates female and male improvement in the anxiety dimension showing that their initial strong apprehension toward this course was greatly reduced at the end of the course. In terms of confidence, female showed better enhanced confidence level than male at the end of the course.     

Descendants of “Ruth:” black Girls Coping Through the “Black Male Crisis”

This article presents the complex relationship between how black male and female identities have been constructed dichotomously in response to the gender framed “crisis” in black America. The ethnographic research study was conducted in an secondary African American History course, located in an urban school district in the southern portion of the United States. A case study of one black female student in a class of fourteen black male students was developed to deconstruct opposition and the use of resistance and empowerment by the female student. The classroom interactions among the male students, teacher, and Nicole were presented and analyzed from Nicole’s perspective. Analysis centralizes how Nicole interprets the class community, social interactions, and language used reflecting the needs of the African American males at the expense of her own social, cultural, and gender identity.     

肯定与批判:对男性的再认识——论丁玲1940年代小说中的男性观

在1940年代,丁玲的作品中对男性表现出肯定与批判的双向深化的倾向。一方面她充分肯定了战争中延安男性的阳刚美,这阳刚美,表现为“义”“力”和“崇高”的结合；另一方面,她也认识到解放区男性头脑中的封建意识仍然根深蒂固,对女性结婚、落后问题、贞节观的看法暴露其观念的滞后,同时也表明当地妇女的地位并不让人满意。     

Developmental patterns of spatial ability: an early sex difference

Over 1,800 public school students (grades K-12, ages 6-18) took a battery of 7 spatial tests tailored to their respective developmental levels. Analyses of resulting data indicate that it is feasible to measure spatial ability throughout this developmental range with modified versions of adult paper-and-pencil tests, that a male advantage in spatial performance appears reliably by age 10, and that the magnitude of the advantage remains constant through age 18. Analysis of covariance suggests that an early female precocity in language skills may mask a male advantage in spatial ability during the primary school years. There is no indication of a sex difference in kindergarten children.     

论古龙作品男权化的文本特征

古龙文本体现着明显的男权化特征，文本语言的男权化，使女性成为失去话语权利的边缘人；叙事模式的男权化，使男女在极度不公平的待遇中，实现了男性权利的极度膨胀；创作观念的男权化，使女性的灵魂无法安顿。然而，在女权主义高涨的今天，男权最终会走向终结。     

Gender and Language Use

Linguistic forms used by male and female contrast to different degrees in all speech communities.This heated and controversial topic of language and gender has evoked a considerable amount of research and discussions from various perspectives.Thus,this paper pro vides comprehensive definitions around gender in sociolinguistics.It also summarizes and synthesizes the relevant research considering gen der differences in language use.Lastly,it investigates the connection between gender studies and ESL classroom teaching and puts forward several practical and feasible recommendations on the applications of this concept to the professional teaching in TESOL classroom.     

"Frailty,Thy Name is Woman."--女人,你的名字叫弱者

从英语的词义、词序、派生词及文化上论述英语语言中的男尊女卑;浅析英语语言文化中所渗透的女性歧视.     

Revisiting “The fertilization fairytale:” an analysis of gendered language used to describe fertilization in science textbooks from middle school to medical school

Emily Martin’s (Signs J Women Cult Soc 16(31):485–501, 1991) article, “The Egg and the Sperm: How Science Has Constructed a Romance Based on Stereotypical Male–Female Roles,” was published in Signs over 20 years ago. In this groundbreaking article, she discusses how gender roles are often projected onto reproductive biology, leading to the portrayal of eggs as passive and sperm as active. We were interested in seeing if many of her findings are still relevant today. We analyzed science textbooks from the middle school to the medical school level to determine if fertilization in human reproduction is described in gender-biased language regarding the sentence structure, amount of information provided for female and male processes/parts, and neutrality in describing female and male processes/parts. Although there has been much improvement, there is still a long way to go. Sexist language in scientific textbooks is troubling because it negatively affects both female and male students and undermines teachers’ ability to teach in an accurate and gender-neutral way.     

男权时代女性话语的高扬——试论侗族戏剧中的女性角色

侗族戏剧出现在侗族男性话语确立的年代,女性与女性角色就应处在第二者或第二性的行列,而风行于西南地区的侗戏却流淌着一股浓浓的女性气息,即女性话语的高扬和男权话语的低调,更有甚者是男性角色和话语的严重缺席。从侗戏产生的背景、侗戏中女性话语的高扬以及侗戏女性人物特征三个方面阐述侗戏的女性角色。     

The sexually abused child: a comparison of male and female victims

Although the amount of research dealing with child sexual abuse is rapidly increasing, there have been very few attempts to identify and compare variables that characterize differences between female and male victims. To address this void, 25 substantiated cases of sexual abuse involving male children were compared with 180 substantiated cases of sexual abuse of female children. Significant differences between female and male victims were observed in the following areas: family composition, the perpetrator of the abuse, variables contributing to the continuation of the abusive situation, and the type of services provided to the sexually abused child and family. Implications for treatment are offered.     

试论英语中的性别歧视现象

语言与性别的关系是社会语言学的一个重要研究方向,其中性别歧视已成为英语以及其他英语当中存在的一个普遍的社会现象,它体现了存在于整个社会中的人们的性别歧视观念．反映出女性较之男性的劣等性。本文就其现象、产生的原因以及新的发展进行探讨。     

男女交际中语用失误的认知语用阐释

男女在语言使用中存在一定差异。文章认为最容易导致语用失误的男女语言使用差异主要包括：词汇使用差异、表达方式差异、语用策略差异等等。文章进一步结合关联理论,对日常生活中男女交际失败的现象进行阐释,认为男女交际中语用失误的主要原因在于：（1）男女双方认知语境存在一定的差异;（2）男女交谈中没有照顾到交际对象的需要,使用了不恰当的语用策略。在此基础上提出了两点促进男女交际的相关建议。     

中文、英文:孰难孰易?

Mandarin speakers use more areas of their brains than people who speak English,scientists said, in a finding that provides new insight into how the brain processes language.     

对高校英语教学与四、六级等级考试的理性思考

英语等级考试制度以及其所反映的当前我国高校外语教学制度所存在的问题已成为高校教育教学研究的焦点之一。针对当前大学英语等级考试以及大学外语教育存在的弊端及其成因,提出未来外语教育发展的方向。     

Female Administrators: A Crack in the Glass Ceiling

This experimental study investigates the effects of gender of the evaluator, gender of the applicant, and gender of the reference source at the screening stage of the selection process. Specifically, male and female principals were asked to evaluate re´sume´s and reference letters of hypothetical male and female applicants for the focal position of assistant principal. In the context of selection of an assistant principal, the authors hypothesized that male principals would prefer male applicants and female principals would prefer female applicants. This hypothesis was based on the sex similarity-attraction paradigm. The sex similarity-attraction paradigm suggests that same-sex applicants will be regarded as more similar than opposite-sex applicants (Gallois, Callan & Palmer, 1992) and that applicants who are perceived as similar will be evaluated favorably (Cardy & Dobbins, 1986). Finally, although the authors anticipated that sex similarity-attraction would support an interaction effect between gender of applicant and gender of rater, as strengthened by gender of the reference letter source, the findings did not support this interaction. In fact, the main effect for gender of applicant indicates that hypothetical female administrator candidates are evaluated significantly higher than hypothetical male administrator candidates. This is contrary to about half of past selection research that suggested female applicants are given lower evaluations than male applicants. Thus, these results may be an indication that the evaluations of female applicants for administrative positions are improving to the extent that female applicants were more likely to be offered employment interviews than male applicants.     

当代女性精神的缺席--试析贾平凹小说的女性形象

贾平凹小说中的女性形象由于具有"以性特征为表征"以及"被男权意识所异化，认同男权"的倾向，因而缺乏时代感，使得当代女性精神缺席。     

“Mr. Wang Doesn’t Really Care How We Speak!”: Responsiveness in the Practice of an Exemplary Asian-American Teacher

The Urban Review - This study presents holistic insights into the culturally relevant English language arts and reading instructional practices of one award-winning Asian-American male teacher as...     

跨境少数民族大学生教育活动中境外互联网媒体的使用——以新疆塔里木大学柯尔克孜族大学生为例

通过深度访谈、实地观察等研究方法来了解新疆南疆高校跨境民族大学生柯尔克孜族学生使用境外互联网媒体获取相关国家新闻信息与本民族知识的行为活动,呈现柯尔克孜族男女大学生浏览境外互联网媒体信息内容的状况与跨境信息交流中的语言使用情景,探究跨境民族大学生浏览境外媒体的心理动力,分析可能带来的影响。     

初中生自主性结构及其发展特点研究

本研究采用自编的《初中生自主性发展自陈问卷》,对257名初中生的自主性从三个维度进行研究,结果表明:(1)初中生自主性发展具有独特的年级特点。在自主性发展水平上,初一与初二、初三学生之间存在显著的年级差异,并且初一水平好于初二、初三;初二与初三学生之间不存在显著的年级差异。初二是自主性发展水平下降最为明显的阶段。到了初三,除自我控制维度继续呈下降趋势外,其余维度及总体发展水平不再下降。(2)初中生在自主性的总体发展水平及自我依靠和自我主张两个维度上均不存在显著的性别差异,但在自我控制维度上存在显著的性别差异,并且女生水平好于男生。初一学生在自我控制维度上、初二学生在总体发展水平上存在显著性别差异,而且均表现为女生水平好于男生。初三学生中不存在显著的性别差异。     

外语学习歧义容忍度和焦虑感的性别及城乡差异研究

以量表的形式研究了外语学习歧义容忍度和焦虑感的性别和城乡差异。结果发现外语学习歧义容忍度不存在显著的性别差异，却存在着显著的城乡差异：来自城市的学生的歧义容忍度偏低；而焦虑感在城乡、性别方面，都不存在显著差异。研究还发现高外语学习焦虑感和低歧义客忍度的学生英语学习成绩显著低于高歧义容忍度和低焦虑感的学生。