构建中国特色药品召回制度

药品召回是一项复杂的系统工程,实施者、协调者和监管者等在药品召回过程中各自发挥着独特的作用。药品"同质"现象普遍、药品不良反应监测体系不完善、药品监管部门责任不明等制约着各行为主体在药品召回过程中作用的发展。应从加强药品研发知识产权保护、推动企业建设药品不良反应监测体系、明确政府监管职责等方面努力,构建中国特色的药品召回制度。     

“新药研发链”创新教学融入课程思政探索

把思想政治工作贯穿教育教学全过程,是立德树人的基本要求。“新药研发链”课程是基于高水平科研成果,围绕创新药物研发全过程建设的综合性创新专业课程体系。通过分析“新药研发链”课程思政实施的目的和意义,凝练创新药物研发全过程中蕴含的思想政治教育元素,挖掘课程思政融入综合性专业课程的实施路径,举例并剖析“新药研发链”专业课程的具体思想政治案例。将思想价值引领与专业教育深度融合,为培养德才兼备、懂医精药的优秀医药人才提供有益借鉴。     

药品侵权责任研究

药品缺陷是承担药品侵权责任的核心,药品缺陷认定标准应当将处方药与非处方药予以区分,处方药缺陷判断标准可以是以医师的预期为基础,兼进行药品成本效益分析;而非处方药判别标准可以采用消费者期待标准。医疗机构不应视为药品销售者承担严格责任。     

Integrated metabolism and epigenetic modifications in the macrophages of mice in responses to cold stress

The negative effects of low temperature can readily induce a variety of diseases. We sought to understand the reasons why cold stress induces disease by studying the mechanisms of fine-tuning in macrophages following cold exposure. We found that cold stress triggers increased macrophage activation accompanied by metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis. The discovery, by genome-wide RNA sequencing, of defective mitochondria in mice macrophages following cold exposure indicated that mitochondrial defects may contribute to this process. In addition, changes in metabolism drive the differentiation of macrophages by affecting histone modifications. Finally, we showed that histone acetylation and lactylation are modulators of macrophage differentiation following cold exposure. Collectively, metabolism-related epigenetic modifications are essential for the differentiation of macrophages in cold-stressed mice, and the regulation of metabolism may be crucial for alleviating the harm induced by cold stress.     

试论冰毒的危害及预防

毒品滥用已成为日益严峻的全球问题,毒品犯罪给全社会带来严重的危害。作者对当前毒品犯罪的特点和危害作了初步介绍,尤其着重对冰毒的危害作了全面的分析,提出了预防毒品犯罪的措施及对策。     

Longitudinally foretelling drug usage in adolescence: early childhood personality and environmental precursors

Drug usage in early adolescence (age 14) was related to concurrent and preschool personality characteristics for a sample of 54 girls and 51 boys. The personality concomitants and antecedents of drug use differed somewhat as a function of gender and the drug used. At age 14, for both sexes, the use of marijuana was related to ego undercontrol, while the use of harder drugs reflected an absence of ego-resiliency, with undercontrol also a contributing factor. At ages 3/4, subsequent adolescent drug usage in girls related to both undercontrol and lower ego-resiliency. In boys, adolescent drug usage related strongly, during their nursery school years, to undercontrol and with resiliency having no long-term implications. Early family environment related to adolescent drug usage in girls but not in boys. Drug usage in adolescent girls was related to homes earlier identified as unstructured and laissez-faire, where there was little pressure to achieve. Drug usage related to other substance use and, in boys, to IQ decline from age 11 to age 18. Implications of these results for contemporary views regarding adolescent drug usage are discussed.     

ABC分类法在中小型药店库存管理中的研究

为提高中小型药店药品的库存管理水平,使药品库存得到科学、合理的控制,笔者结合药品作为特殊商品的特点,采用ABC管理法对岳阳市药芝林大药房的药品进行分类,对A类药品的库存进行重点控制,使其库存时间最短;对B类药品的库存进行正常控制;对C类药品的库存进行简单控制,延长订购周期,规定最高和最低库存量,有效提高了库存的管理效率。     

Online FDA Regulations: Implications for Medical Writers

Availability of online Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations is contributing to a shift in medical writers' organizational role from a peripheral to a central role where their responsibilities for the persuasiveness of documents and compliance with evolving regulations have increased dramatically. Therefore, curricula for medical writers should include instruction in persuasion, collaboration, strategic and project management, the drug development process, and the location and interpretation of FDA regulations.     

合并升本院校实行矩阵管理的构想

针对合并、“升本”院校面临的管理挑战，提出了矩阵管理的构想，认为合并、“升本”院校可根据实际分别采用简单型和混合型两种矩阵管理模式，以缩短“磨合期”和“适应发展期”，并强调了实行矩阵管理应注意的几点问题。     

化学动力学在药学中的应用

机体对药物的作用是一个非常复杂的生化过程，本文用化学动力学的原理和方法分析了药物在人体代谢过程中的消除规律，并用化学动力学原理讨论了药物的稳定性问题。     

计算机辅助药物设计研究

计算机辅助药物设计是一门新兴的边缘学科,它以计算机为工具,充分利用有关药物及其生物大分子靶标的知识,通过理论模拟、计算和预测,来指导和辅助新型药物分子的设计和发现,以缩短药物的开发周期。本文就计算机辅助药物设计技术的产生、所用的方法分类、基本流程及其计算方法和程序作综述。     

云南边境地区的毒品走私问题研究

云南边境地区的毒品走私现象一直是个十分复杂的社会问题。本文探讨了云南边境地区毒品走私的缘起、特点,以及毒品走私屡禁不止的根源,并在此基础上提出了相关的对策建议。     

Early metabolism evaluation making traditional Chinese medicine effective and safe therapeutics

Increasing attention is being paid to the scientific evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As many TCMs are capable of biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract, attention to biotransforrnation of TCM in the gastrointestinal tract may lead to discovery of the active components and active mechanisms. In this article, we review reports that host metabolic enzymes and intestinal bacteria may be responsible for the metabolism of TCM. Good understanding of the in vivo course of TCM will help us to know how to conduct metabolism evaluation of TCM by using in vitro human-derived system. This evaluation system will create new views on TCM as effective and safe therapeutic agents.     

中药商品学教学内容和教学方法探讨

中药商品学是以中药商品质量和经营管理为核心内容,研究中药商品的商品特征和使用价值的应用学科。以山西医科大学为例,对中药商品学课程的教学内容和教学方法进行探讨。     

Evaluation of drug-endangered children: The yield of toxicology and skeletal survey screening

BackgroundDrug endangerment is known to be associated with child maltreatment. However, even with the high association between physical abuse and drug endangerment there is no standard for screening in this population. Skeletal survey screening may facilitate the identification of children in this population who have also been physically abused.ObjectiveOur objective was to determine the characteristics of drug endangered children and specifically the yield of skeletal survey screening.Participants and settingThe participants in this study were children referred by Child Protective Services (CPS) due to concerns of drug exposure. They were seen in a child abuse outpatient clinic by a child abuse pediatrician or pediatric nurse practitioner.MethodsThis study is a retrospective chart review of the Child Advocacy Resource and Evaluation (C.A.R.E.) Team records between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2017. We measured the yield of toxicology, additional abuse endured, and skeletal survey findings.ResultsOver the 6-year period, 1252 cases were referred to C.A.R.E. Team for drug endangerment. 1150 cases had hair toxicology performed with 595 cases (52%) testing positive for at least one illegal substance. The compound most frequently identified was methamphetamine followed by marijuana and cocaine. In addition to drug endangerment, other forms of abuse were identified in 162 cases including sexual, physical, and neglect. Using the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American College of Radiology (ACR) guidelines, 340 skeletal surveys were performed. Twelve cases (4%) had occult skeletal injuries none of which had cutaneous findings. Of those with skeletal injury, 11 cases out of 11 tested by hair toxicology were positive for at least one illegal substance.ConclusionsThe application of the AAP and ACR guidelines for skeletal survey screening to those children referred for drug endangerment is useful in identifying children with physical abuse.     

非常规比况短语的结构形式

首先明确什么是非常规比况短语，然后着重对其结构形式作了分析。非常规比况短语的结构形式主要包括四种：全式并列型、散式并列型、偏正并列型和特殊并列型。     

利用丙酮丁醇梭菌进行木质纤维素同步糖化发酵的研究进展

以木质纤维素为原料生产燃料乙醇的生物转化包括预处理、酶水解和发酵过程,同步糖化发酵法是相对有效的发酵方法,本文对这些过程中的技术进展进行评述.并总结丙酮丁醇梭菌的生理生化特性和代谢工程菌的构建,指出使用丙酮丁醇梭菌进行木质纤维素的同步糖化发酵生产乙醇前景广阔.     

推定在毒品犯罪诉讼中的运用

毒品犯罪已经成为严重危害社会治安的一种反社会行为 ,但是 ,在现行的刑事诉讼中 ,由于受到证明要求、证据规则的制约 ,对一些毒品犯罪不能予以有效的打击 ,实则 ,是忽视了推定在刑事诉讼中的运用 ;在毒品犯罪的诉讼中 ,应当按照诉讼规则来运用推定 ;运用推定处理毒品犯罪时 ,应当针对于各种类型的毒品犯罪的自身特征予以适用。     

生物化学中的巧妙比喻

针对生物化学的学科特点及教学难点,对生物大分子物质的结构与功能,物质代谢途径的联系与沟通,能量代谢的过程和高能化合物的利用转换,以及对一些具有生理和病理双重作用物质的全面认识,巧妙地运用比喻法,以学生熟悉的事物、经验、常识来帮助学生理解一些抽象、复杂的内容,并激活学生学习生物化学的兴趣与动力,提高教学效果.     

海洛因依赖性的治疗及其预防

近十几年来,我国的毒品问题又沉渣泛起,并且带来了一系列严重的社会问题.海洛因依赖性的治疗是一个复杂的系统工程,包括海洛因依赖性的诊断、临床脱瘾治疗、心理康复治疗和重返社会几个方面.人们为减少并最终消除对毒品的需求,科学、实用地提出了针对正常人群、高危人群、药物滥用者进行逐级预防的三级预防体系.