学前儿童的情绪理解和情绪调节

情绪理解和情绪调节是情绪能力的两个主要构成因素,情绪能力是儿童发展的重要内容.本文对有关学前儿童情绪理解和情绪调节及其关系的相关理论和实证研究以及主要研究范式进行述评,并阐述了儿童情绪理解和情绪调节的发展规律及影响因素.     

儿童多动症与饮食

多动症患儿常常表现为好动,不守纪律,注意力不集中、不持久,情绪不稳定,难以控制自己。他们虽然智力正常,但学习能力低于同龄正常儿童。 过去认为儿童多动症主要由先天遗传和后天发育所致。近年来的研究实践表明,儿童多动症与饮食关系很大。 澳大利亚医学专家对患有多动症的儿童进行饮食调查后发现,多动症儿童的氨基酸和酪氨酸摄入量过多。造成氨基酸和酪氨酸摄入过     

基于家园合力视角下的幼儿情绪管理分析

儿童情绪自我管理能力是情绪智力的重要品格之一,主要是在日常生活成长过程中能够及时主动地摆脱不良情绪的影响,保持安定、愉快的情绪,健康成长。幼儿期不仅是儿童情感教育的黄金时期,同时又是帮助幼儿形成情绪管理能力的重要敏感期。文章围绕家园合力视角下的幼儿情绪管理相关内容进行了简要的分析论述,旨在为幼儿的情绪管理提供建议参考。     

公示

多动症儿童因注意力不集中，常会有上课讲话、坐不住、发呆等行为，严重的还会有情绪障碍。台湾师范大学体育系的研究者招募了87个8～12岁的多动症儿童，分三个阶段对其进行了实验。如，让他们在水中模仿各种动物，连续8周，每周2次，每次90分钟，训练孩子的协调能力和平衡能力，8周之后，再次测试的结果显示，被测试儿童的控制能力平均提高了9‰。     

教师对学前儿童情绪能力发展影响的研究述评

幼儿情绪能力是指个体察觉、理解自己与他人的情绪,并在此基础上进行适当表达、调节控制,以帮助自己应对挑战、达成目标以及有效参与社交互动的适应性情绪反应.情绪能力对儿童社会适应性发展、学业成就、社会能力发展均有重要的影响.教师作为儿童发展过程中的重要他人,在儿童情绪能力发展过程中扮演着关键角色.目前在教师培养儿童社会适应能力方面已经有大量的研究,但是对于教师如何影响儿童情绪能力发展的研究还较少.本文主要从教师对儿童情绪表达的回应、教师影响儿童情绪能力发展的因素以及促进儿童情绪能力发展的策略三个方面对相关研究进行述评.     

儿童情绪调节的发展及其影响因素

情绪调节既是人类适应社会生活的关键机制,也是个体社会性发展的重要方面.儿童情绪调节能力的发展主要表现为独立性日益增强、随意性不断发展以及调节策略的复杂性逐渐增加.亲子互动水平和儿童人格特质是影响儿童情绪调节能力发展的重要因素.本文回顾了儿童情绪调节发展研究进展,并提出未来研究应进一步探讨的问题.     

儿童情绪调节的ERP标识器

情绪调节的神经科学研究表明,情绪与认知之间的相互作用是适应性情绪调节能力发展的基础。儿童情绪调节发展的两个重要的候选神经标识器类型,分别标识了情绪需求条件下的注意控制和消极情绪的注意加工。现有事件相关电位研究表明,N2、Nc、误差相关负波、晚正电位这些反映情绪、认知整合的ERPs成分可作为儿童和成人情绪调节的临床指标,并且有可能起到情绪调节神经标识器和预测特定情感障碍风险的作用。在探究情绪调节和情感心理病理学神经标识器的未来研究中,应充分重视情绪对认知的作用,改善研究方法并关注个体差异。     

家园合作视角下的儿童情绪管理研究

正情绪自我管理能力是情绪智力的重要品质之一,主要表现为日常生活中能够主动及时摆脱负面情绪,并保持积极乐观的心境。0~3岁是情感教育的黄金期,也是帮助儿童初步形成情绪管理能力的敏感期。《福建省0~3岁儿童早期教育指南(试行)》指出:"0~3岁儿童教育活动的组织与实施,主要是在家庭和学前教育机构中进行。家长和教师负有首要的教育责任,应成为儿童生活的照顾者、     

谈学前特殊儿童情绪教育

情绪能力在特殊儿童人际交往、社会适应、心理健康等方面都发挥着十分重要的作用。在特殊儿童康复教育中有必要开展专门的情绪教育活动,教导特殊儿童识别和理解情绪、表达情绪以及调节情绪。从事康复训练的教师应创设接纳、宽松的环境,用特殊儿童喜欢的、可接受的方式进行情绪教育,促进特殊儿童情绪能力的发展。     

教孩子学会情绪表达

情绪认知是儿童自我和社会意识的一个重要组成部分。研究表明，中国家长忽视对儿童情绪和情感的关注，在教育中也没有教孩子相应的情绪词．以至于儿童长大后无法很好地表达自己的情绪情感，严重的甚至不能疏导不良情绪。产生社会问题。让儿童适当地学习情绪词和掌握自己的情绪是十分必要的。下面，让我们来看看小千的父母是怎么做的吧。     

Emotion,understanding, and social skills among boys at risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

There is growing interest in the role of emotional competence in middle school children's adjustment and functioning, yet many populations remain underresearched. Few studies have explored the emotional competence, especially emotion understanding, of children with, or at risk of, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and even fewer have examined the role emotion understanding plays in these children's social skills. Our study investigates a profile of the emotion understanding capacities of Israeli boys at risk of ADHD and evaluates its association with their social skills. One hundred and fifty‐two boys (grades 4–6) were each assigned to an at‐risk (n = 66) or comparison (n = 86) group based on their scores on an ADHD symptoms questionnaire (Conners Rating System–Revised). The two groups were matched on age, socioeconomic status and class, and school environment. Group comparisons revealed that relative to their non–at‐risk counterparts, at‐risk boys demonstrated less mature emotion understanding. Finally, our findings indicate that poor emotion understanding plays a more notable role in the social functioning of at‐risk than non–at‐risk children. This study's contribution to the understanding and school treatment of children with ADHD emotional and social competencies is discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Teachers’ Discussions of Emotion in Child Care Centers

Teachers have the opportunity to discuss the emotions of children as they occur in the context of the classroom. As such, teachers play an important role in the socialization of emotions of young children. This observational study examines teachers discussions of emotions in three child care centers. The findings suggest that child care centers are important social contexts for learning about feelings because of ongoing interaction between teachers and children. Teachers in child care centers use various strategies with children to discuss their emotional expressions. They help children learn to identify emotion-related words, to understand the causes of emotion, and to provide them with constructive means of emotion regulation. The implications for teacher-training programs focusing on methods of facilitation of emotional competence and appropriate emotional socialization are presented.     

学龄期儿童情绪能力的发展特点概述

随着生活环境、人际关系、认知以及社会技能等方面的重大变化,学龄期的儿童在心理、情绪能力的发展上出现了一个重要转折。在学龄期,儿童情绪理解能力、情绪表达能力有了很大发展,对情绪的表达规则逐渐掌握并趋于娴熟,情绪的调节能力增强并出现了高级的调节策略———情绪伪装。研究发现,儿童情绪能力的发展受家庭和社会文化的影响甚大。     

Early Childhood Teachers as Socializers of Young Children’s Emotional Competence

Young children’s emotional competence—regulation of emotional expressiveness and experience when necessary, and knowledge of their own and other’s emotions—is crucial for social and academic (i.e., school) success. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms of how young children develop emotional competence. Both parents and teachers are considered as important socializers of emotion, providing children experiences that promote or deter the development of emotional competence. However, compared to parents, early childhood teachers’ roles in socializing young children’s emotional competence have not been examined. Based on the findings from research on parental socialization of emotion, in this theoretical review we explore possible teacher roles in the development of young children’s emotional competence. Additionally, we suggest future research focusing on early childhood teacher socialization of emotion, and discuss theoretical and practical benefits of such research.     

我国近五年情绪研究热点知识图谱

为比较准确地了解国内情绪这一领域研究的热点和重点,利用Bicomb及SPSS软件对从中国知网中查询到的2008--2013年的440篇文献绘制了情绪研究的热点知识图谱．研究结果表明,我国情绪研究热点主要包括2个维度和3个热点：2个维度为情绪能力与情绪状态、情绪调节策略与效果评估;3个热点分别为情绪和决策关系的研究以及情绪的ERP研究、情绪的理论研究及调节策略、情绪状态的心理测量学研究．     

现代家长的情绪修养

儿童的情绪智力发展深受家庭情绪氛围影响,因此提高家长的情绪修养尤显重要。现代家长应从了解情绪特征、注意自身的情绪表现、掌握调控情绪的方法等3方面来提高自身的情绪修养,从而给儿童树立情绪智力榜样,促进其发展。     

Social functioning among college students diagnosed with ADHD and the mediating role of emotion regulation

Despite the many studies that have documented the association between symptoms of ADHD and social difficulties in children and adolescents, few have examined this phenomenon in college students. In addition, the underlying factors contributing to such social difficulties are still poorly understood. We hypothesised that college students with symptoms of ADHD, namely inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, would continue to display social behavioural difficulties, and that emotion regulation would play a mediating role in that relationship. Ninety-nine 17–24-year-old college students filled out three questionnaires to assess Inattentive and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Symptoms, Social Skills, and Emotion Regulation abilities. Analysis revealed that emotion regulation is a significant mediator between Inattentive Symptoms and Social Skills for female students. There was no significant correlation between ADHD symptoms and Social Skills for males. Female college students report social functioning difficulties associated with their inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, and impaired emotion regulation abilities mediate this relationship for inattentive symptoms only.     

Task performance and response to frustration in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

The present study examined performance on an arithmetic task of increasing difficulty and a frustrating puzzle task for children with ADHD and comparison children. Emotional competence also was investigated in the two groups. Sixty‐four children, 21 previously diagnosed with ADHD, participated. Performance on the arithmetic task was measured in terms of completion and accuracy. Children with ADHD had similar rates of accuracy for all levels of difficulty, but completed fewer problems. Performance on the puzzle task was measured both through completion and persistence. Although children with ADHD persisted for a similar amount of time compared to children without ADHD, they were more likely to quit the task before completion. Children with ADHD also were more likely to report that they became frustrated with the task. Furthermore, they tended to report that in general, they become more frustrated than other children. With regard to emotional competence, children with ADHD did not differ from the comparison children on their reported understanding of their own emotions or attention to emotions; however, children with ADHD reported that they engage in less mood repair. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 43: 377–386, 2006.     

教师情感在道德情感教育中的作用

综观历史，学者研究道德情感的培养时往往只注重学生情感或学生道德感，而忽视了教师作为一个主体，他的情感对学生道德发展起着什么样的作用。针对这一问题，提出教师情感对学生道德发展起着一种潜移默化的作用。     

声乐艺术情感论的本体构成及其关系探析

声乐艺术是一门情感的艺术,从其文本构成本体来说,是音乐与文学的联姻,这一本体特征结合声乐艺术的情感美学本质就是曲情与诗情的情感融合,也就是我们常说的一度创作情感;从其艺术美的本质来说,声乐艺术审美的生成是人声所负载的曲情、诗情和以此为情感依据的声情演绎,也可以说是二度创作情感。笔者从声乐艺术情感论的理论视角,探析声乐艺术的本体构成,即从诗情、曲情、声情三方面及三者的关系上论证了声乐艺术的情感美学特征与意义。