Entgrenzung von Bildung und Training im Nachwuchsleistungssport

The discussion about competitive sports in childhood and adolescence has always been impregnated with different ideologies, occupied by provocative specialist objects and dominated by seemingly irreconcilable opposing positions. These conflicts can be described by the terms rivalry, competition and performance as well as by the terms training and education. The terms training and education are relevant for this discussion because they highlight the fundamental differences between the basic positions of training and educational sciences in relation to the challenges of the implementation of youth competitive sports in a modern civil society. Considerations about the proportionality and necessity of delimitation and flexibility of youth competitive sports are affected by a human ontogenetic-based position (according to Wessel). The intensified educational discourse in recent years with all its contradictions, paradoxes and undesirable developments, is a suitable basis for a reorientation of youth competitive sports under the premise of education in day to day life (according to Rauschenbach).     

Validierung von neun Bewegungssensoren bei Kindern und jungen Erwachsenen

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of one accelerometer and eight pedometers in schoolchildren and young adults under controlled experimental conditions and under free-living conditions over a 24-h period. The most accurate results under controlled conditions were obtained with a piezoelectric pedometer. For this device absolute deviations (median) ranged between 0.2 and 1.0% for children and between 0.2 and 1.4% for young adults. Absolute deviations for the accelerometer were 0.8–3.1% for children and 0.6–3.2% for adults. Motion sensors were more accurate with increasing walking speed. For several pedometers the absolute deviation exceeded 50% in tests with schoolchildren. These differing results illustrate that step counts from different motion sensors cannot be compared directly. Therefore, the validity and reliability of activity monitors should be examined carefully before being used in scientific research.     

Akute und chronische Effekte von Ausdauerbelastungen auf das Herz bei Sportlern, gesunden Normalpersonen und Patienten

Due to endurance exercise-induced increases of the cardiac biomarkers troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), which are usually elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure and used in clinical practice as diagnostic tools in these diseases, the clinical and sportsmedical relevance of these exercise-induced increases was unclear. Therefore, the aim was to examine this topic systematically by consecutive studies. Considering the acute effects of endurance exercise, an intensity- and duration-dependent short-term elevation could be demonstrated in the majority of healthy athletes without pathological relevance. Considering the chronic effects of endurance exercise it could be shown that regular and competitive endurance exercise training induces an athlete??s heart with harmonic eccentric hypertrophy of the left and right ventricle, which also is not of pathological relevance. In conclusion it can be assumed from the results of these studies that acute and chronic endurance exercise is not harmful for the healthy heart.     

Die 1960er Jahre als Formationsphase von modernem Doping und Anti-Doping

Many contemporary forms of doping and anti-doping developed in the 1960s regarding substances, social perception, doping and anti-doping strategies and actors. The first significant steps towards regulation were made during this period. Anti-doping in West Germany was based on the principle of partnership between sport and state. However, it was not a specifically German solution but in line with the common anti-doping strategies of most other European countries. At the same time limits and obstacles of anti-doping became apparent.