Dissonant Voices: The teacher's 'personal' in women's studies

This article grows directly from a collaborative project on the pedagogies of women's studies at the College of Ripon and York, and the University of York, and from the presentation given at the Gender and Education conference at the University of Warwick in April 1999. It is presented as a dialogue which polarises two voices considering a variety of positions adopted by tutors of women's studies in relation to their students, and, in particular, the ways in which the personhood of the tutor is implicit - or implicated - in the praxis of feminist teaching. Rather than moving to any synthesis or resolution of the apparently binary positions voiced, the article goes on to question the notion that the personal is always necessarily good and beneficial within feminist pedagogy, and to posit the liberatory potential of the impersonal for our teaching and our feminism.     

Why Implementing History and Philosophy in School Science Education is a Challenge: An Analysis of Obstacles

Teaching and learning with history and philosophy of science (HPS) has been, and continues to be, supported by science educators. While science education standards documents in many countries also stress the importance of teaching and learning with HPS, the approach still suffers from ineffective implementation in school science teaching. In order to better understand this problem, an analysis of the obstacles of implementing HPS into classrooms was undertaken. The obstacles taken into account were structured in four groups: 1. culture of teaching physics, 2. teachers?? skills, epistemological and didactical attitudes and beliefs, 3. institutional framework of science teaching, and 4. textbooks as fundamental didactical support. Implications for more effective implementation of HPS are presented, taking the social nature of educational systems into account.     

School Leadership Team Competence for Implementing Equity Systems Change: An Exploratory Study

The Urban Review - Operationalizing practices for equity has eluded the educational community for some time. This exploratory, mixed methods study examined the practices, operationalized by 29...     

实行目标管理责任制 加强系部管理科学化

新一轮高校内部管理体制改革正在兴起,为了适应形势发展的需要,财经系结合本系特点建立并组织实施了目标管理责任制,加强了系部管理的科学化。     

Implementing Effective Online Teaching Practices: Voices of Exemplary Faculty

This qualitative study explores the process of implementing effective online teaching practices through interviews with thirty exemplary instructors. Emergent themes include providing students with constructive feedback, fostering interaction and involvement, facilitating student learning, and maintaining instructor presence and organization. Analyses of the findings and implications for online instruction are presented.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2004 Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education.Cassandra C. Lewis is a research assistant at the University of Maryland University College. She is also a doctoral candidate in the department of Education Policy and Leadership at the University of Maryland, College Park. Husein Abdul-Hamid is Associate Provost and Executive Director of the Office of Evaluation, Research, and Grants at the University of Maryland University College. He holds a Ph.D. in Statistics from American University.     

Implementing Engineering in Diverse Upper Elementary and Middle School Science Classrooms: Student Learning and Attitudes

Journal of Science Education and Technology - Recent reforms in education call for science teachers to incorporate STEM concepts into their curricula. This study explores the association among...     

在实践场域中发现学校变革能力

学校变革,尤其是学校文化的变革,仅仅依靠外在的改革动力是难以奏效的,唯有激发学校内部的改革动力,才有推动学校实质性转型的可能.在学校文化的认识上,应更加关注"分化"与"模糊".学校文化就是具有多元性的教师生活本身,而非嵌入学校生活的具有同一性的东西.由于这些力量具有潜在性和不确定性等特点,因此,需要人们保持高度的敏感性,用心去发现、呵护和培养.     

Training the Mind: Continuity and Change in the Rhetoric of School Science

This paper identifies, depicts and sets out to interpret the common ground between the Australian radical education movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s and the present pre‐occupation with competency‐based reform in school education, the ‘new vocationalism’. The paper contends that both of these developments should be understood as historically novel, Janus‐faced radical movements. The helpfulness of the political‐economic concept of settlement for dealing with the nature and consequences of this congruence is explored. It is argued that the Janus‐faced radicalism of both movements locates them at the interface of modernity and postmodernity, and a particular interpretive response based on this perspective is proposed.     

Implementing Criterion-referenced Assessment Within a Multi-disciplinary University Department

This paper is concerned with the reconstruction, at the departmental level, of a university assessment policy that required a shift from norm-referenced assessment to criterion-referenced assessment (CRA). As such, it provides an account of a change process driven by a centralised policy imperative and yet implemented and driven also from a bottom-up process. A wide range of data was gathered using action research methods. Individual and focus group interviews were conducted with staff and students, participant journals were kept and successive drafts of criteria and standards, and samples of students' responses were collected. The data suggested that a top-down policy can be successfully combined with a departmental-driven process, if financial and time considerations are addressed and a collaborative process amongst staff is sustained. The use of action learning, as a tool for change, appeared to assist participants to begin to own a top-down policy.     

学校变革的复杂性探析:复杂科学的视角

复杂科学的兴起和发展,为我们认识和理解当前的学校及其变革过程提供了一个新的视角。当前,整体性的学校变革已经逐渐成为我国教育改革的一个趋势,为此,迫切需要冲破对于学校变革简单性认识的束缚,用复杂性思维去分析学校及其变革过程的复杂性,从而为进一步推进学校的深度变革奠定一个坚实的理论基础。     

Implementing a Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS): Collaboration Between School Psychologists and Administrators to Promote Systems-Level Change

Current educational reform mandates the implementation of school-based models for early identification and intervention, progress monitoring, and data-based assessment of student progress. This article provides an overview of interdisciplinary collaboration for systems-level consultation within a Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS) framework. The roles of school psychologists and school-based administrators are presented in relation to the implementation of MTSS practices within an implementation science model. The training and expertise of each discipline are highlighted related to respective aspects of implementation drivers (i.e., competency, organization, leadership). Functions of principals and school psychologists during team-based, problem-solving MTSS practices are described based on a problem-solving framework consistent with school-based consultation. Future directions for graduate training of school psychologists and principals and directions for consultation research are provided.     

Voices of Parents and Teachers in a Poor White Urban School

The views of parents and teachers in an elementary school serving a low-income, primarily White, urban neighborhood are presented and analyzed. In-depth interviews reveal the beliefs and hopes of members of each group about the relationship between the school and the families that it serves. Themes of separation between home and school, the function of parent volunteers, structural barriers to more family involvement, friendship between teachers and parents, service to the school, teacher attitudes about parents, and parent attitudes about teachers are explored. Recommendations for the creation of a school environment more encouraging to meaningful parent involvement in the schools are made. Key words include parent involvement and home-school relationships.     

高中理科学生实验的实施现状与改进对策

高中理科学生实验是不可缺少且不可替代的学习方式。但多年以来,学生实验不断被弱化,实验课开设率低,人均实验操作时间短,以教师演示实验或观看实验录像替代学生实验已成为普遍现象。上述做法背离了《教育部关于加强和改进中小学实验教学的意见》的精神,影响了学生科学核心素养的形成。本文在问卷调查、国际比较和课程标准研究的基础上,从观念、行为和手段方面分析了学生实验困境的成因,提出了着眼能力培养、加强督导检查、用好数字化实验、实施过程性评价四项加强和改进学生实验教学的对策。     

Supporting Conceptual Change in School Science: A possible role for tacit understanding

When students reason during school science, they often refer to conceptions that are derived from out-of-school experiences and are poor proxies for science orthodoxy. However, for some areas of science, these conceptions represent only a proportion of students' full conceptual knowledge, for tacit understanding exists that is superior to the understanding displayed when reasoning. Noting that tacit understanding is engaged when events are judged as natural or non-natural, the paper is concerned with software that: (a) requires direction and speed of falling objects to be predicted, i.e. a typical science reasoning task that engages conceptual knowledge; (b) presents simulations of predicted motion in the expectation that its naturalness or non-naturalness would be recognised. An evaluation study is reported where children aged 8–12 years worked with the software in contexts that typify computer use in classrooms, i.e. individually under adult guidance (n =? 44 children) or in pairs with a classmate (n = 48 children). They were observed while they did this. Reasoning about object fall was assessed via change from individual pre-tests administered prior to software usage to individual post-tests administered a few weeks afterwards. The children who worked with the software showed greater pre- to post-test gains in conceptual understanding than control children (n =? 47 children), who lacked software experience. The gains were especially marked for the children who worked in pairs. The approach taken is contrasted with traditional approaches to conceptual change in school science, e.g. strategies that rely upon classroom experiments.     

Minority Voices: A Case Study of Children and Parents in a Manchester Primary School

Presently, there are a growing number of ethnic minority students in the primary schools in northwest England. Through sociocultural theory, this paper examines student and parent perspectives of their experiences in the schools. Using a qualitative methodology, including observation, in-depth interviews, and field notes this case study focused on children of ethnic minority parents from a primary school in the northwest of England. Specifically, this study investigates the perspectives of ethnic minority students and their parents while identifying the pedagogical knowledge and strategies already being used by teachers and schools who work with ethnic minority students. Foundational to this research is the belief that ethnic minority families and teachers need to make concerted, intentional efforts to engage in and acquire appropriate knowledge for building effective, communicative relationships in order to benefit student achievement.     

Changing Change: Toward a Design Science and Art

This article argues that educational change ispreoccupied with process at the expense of substance. This preoccupation results from an inherent biastoward viewing change as good and from the dominanceof technocracy over democracy as the value forselecting change strategies and goals. Using testingas an example, the effects of change bias andtechnocracy on the lifeworld of schools is examined. It is proposed that change be transformed from apolicy science to a design field within which not onlywould the verification of change strategies beimportant but so would the situational validation ofbroader goals and objectives.     

The Implementation of Curriculum Change in School Science in England and Wales

Summaries

English

Science curriculum development in England and Wales started some 20 years ago and has led to the development of science curricula covering all major subjects, age levels and ability ranges. Dr Waring reviews, in this article, the successes and failures of the curriculum reform activities, and examines the underlying causes. In this review she draws extensively on the findings from researches into curriculum implementation, conducted in Britain and elsewhere.