Distributions of HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of Yunnan, China: relationship to other populations

Objective: To investigate the distributions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and-B alleles and HLA-A-B haplotypes in the Yi ethnic minority of the Yunnan Province, situated in southwestern China. Methods: DNA typing for HLA-A and-B loci was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method on 114 randomly selected healthy individuals of the Yi population. The allelic frequencies of HLA-A and-B loci were calculated by direct counting and HLA-A-B haplotypes were estimated ...     

两株降解纤维素真菌的分子鉴定及酶活分析

应用刚果红鉴定培养基,从土壤中筛选出两种分解纤维素能力较强的真菌,分别命名为NY01和NY02.滤纸条降解度分析显示,NY01的降解能力高于NY02.应用分子生物学手段,对两株菌rDNA的ITS区域序列分析显示,NY01与木霉的相似性高达99%,NY02与毛霉的相似性高达99%,暗示NY01可能是木霉的一个种,NY02可能是毛霉的一个种.培养基中碳氮比例对两株真菌纤维素降解酶活性的研究显示,在N/C比值较低和较高时,CMC酶和FPA酶活性都低,N/C比值在1∶8时酶活性最高,说明两株真菌降解纤维素的最佳N/C比值是1∶8.     

名词性概念汉英词汇表征差异的对比研究

本文以对从三本词典及过往相关研究中收集的约1655个语料进行的分析为基础,较为系统全面地探讨名词性概念在汉英词汇表征上存在的差异。研究发现,汉英在名词性概念词汇表征上的差异主要分为两大类:内在差异和外在差异。其又可进一步分为7小类,用大写字母A、B、C和D分别表示为AB/BA,AC/BC,AB/CD,AB/B,A/AB,A'B'/C'D'和A*B*/C*D*。     

平面上拟线性偏微分方程组弱解的有界性

本文假定通常的椭圆条件仅在无穷远处成立,证明了平面上一类二阶拟线性偏微分方程组弱解是有界的。     

四阶非线性方程两点边值问题

本文应用复合度的方法在f(x,y,z,u)无界的条件下证明了一般的四阶方程y=f(x,y,y′,y″) (*)在边界条件y(0)=A_1,y(1)=A_2,y″(0)=B_1,y″=B(_2或y(0))=A_1,y(1)=A_2,y″(0)=B_1,y(1)=B_2下解的存在性。     

Temperament and attachment security in the strange situation: an empirical rapprochement

In response to Frodi and Thompson's recent demonstration that infants classified A1-B2 in the Strange Situation differ significantly in emotional expression from infants classified B3-C2, several longitudinal data sets were examined to determine whether these group differences might be a function of infant temperament. Data from 3 separate samples revealed significant concordance between infant-mother and infant-father Strange Situation classifications when scored in terms of A1-B2 versus B3-C2, but not when scored in terms of the traditional A-B-C system. In addition, in 2 samples on which newborn behavioral data were available, A1-B2 infants displayed more autonomic stability than B3-C2 infants, and in one of the samples the former infants were more alert and positively responsive as newborns (with means in the same direction in Sample 2). Moreover, mothers of A1-B2 infants described their babies as less difficult to care for at 3 months of age. Considered together, these findings suggest that infant temperament affects the manner in which security or insecurity is expressed rather than whether or not the infant develops a secure or insecure attachment. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the study of the interactional antecedents and the developmental consequences of attachment security.     

从L*-空间构造包囿空间的方法

论了一种在向量空间上构造包囿拓扑的新方法 .收敛序列和有界集一般是拓扑空间中的概念 ,文章首先引入序列收敛 C和 L* -空间 (给出某种序列收敛关系的向量空间 ) ,然后在其中定义有界集 .设 C为一序列收敛关系 ,T (C)是由 C确定的拓扑 ,B(C)是由 C确定的有界集族 ,则有 B(C) =B(T(C) ) ,并进一步从 L* -空间构造了包囿拓扑向量空间     

蒙脱石和氯己定联合治疗复发性口疮疗效观察

目的观察蒙脱石和氯己定联合治疗复发性口疮的疗效。方法复发性口疮病人 68例 ,随机分成A、B两组。A组为蒙脱石和 2 %氯己定联合治疗 34例 (男性 1 6例 ,女性1 8例 ) ;B组为 2 %氯己定、口服维生素B2 、维生素C、甲硝唑治疗 34例 (男性 1 4例 ,女性 2 0例 )。结果A组总有效率为 98 83% ,B组总有效率为 82 1 9%。两组比较差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1 )。结论蒙脱石和氯己定联合治疗复发性口疮疗效更佳。     

Charter Schools,Academic Achievement and NCLB

ABSTRACT

The reform movement embracing charter schools is based largely on the promise that these autonomous schools will out-perform public schools plagued by bureaucratic administration-an expectation reflected in the federal NCLB law. However, the many state-based reports have been mixed, and previous national studies have suffered from serious methodological shortcomings. In a multi-dimensional analysis of a large and comprehensive dataset, we found charter elementary schools performing at a level beneath those of non-charter public schools, even after accounting for differences in student demographics and school location. In view of this and previous studies, the best current estimate of the performance of charter schools is that any academic advantage is negligible, isolated, or even negative relative to achievement in non-charter public schools. Implications regarding the premise of the federal law are considered. doi:10.1300/J467v01n03_07     

Characterization of predominant bacteria isolates from clean rooms in a pharmaceutical production unit

Aims： To screen for the predominant bacteria strains distributed in clean rooms and to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. Methods and Results： The bacteria distributed in air, surfaces and personnel in clean rooms were routinely monitored using agar plates. Five isolates frequently isolated from the clean rooms of an aseptic pharmaceutical production workshop were selected based on their colony and cell morphology characteristics. Their physiological and biochemical properties, as well as partial 16S rDNA sequences, were analyzed. Results showed that all the five isolates belong to Gram positive bacteria, of which three were Staphylococcus, one Microbacterium and one Bacillus species. Sensitivity tests for these bacteria isolates to 3 disinfectants showed that isolate F03 was obtuse, and had low susceptivity to UV irradiation, while isolates F02, F01 and F04 were not sensitive to phenol treatment. Isolates F04, F01 and F05 were resistant to chlorhexidine gluconate. Conclusion： Bacteria widely distributed in clean rooms are mainly a group of Gram positive strains, showing high resistance to selected disinfectants. Significance and impact of the study： Clean rooms are essential in aseptic pharmaceutical and food production. Screening bacteria isolates and identifying them is part of good manufacturing practices, and will aid in finding a more effective disinfection method.     

On extending the concept of double negativity to acoustic waves

INTRODUCTION At this moment, novel concepts of “negative” media, having negative refraction and/or “double negativity” and their physical consequences and plausible applications are drawing considerable at- tention from the science and engineering community. In the past few years, considerable progress has been made in electromagnetic (EM) waves. It is our wish to generalize such concepts to acoustic waves. Since the concept of negative refraction, negative constitutive relationships…     

一种求矩阵方程AXB=C最小二乘对称解的迭代法

提出一种迭代法求最小二乘问题min‖AXB-C‖的对称解.通过这种方法,给定初始对称矩阵X1,在没有舍入误差的情况下,经过有限步迭代,找到它的一个对称解.并且,通过选择一种特殊的初始对称矩阵,得到它的最小范数对称解X^＊.另外,给定矩阵X0,通过求解最小二乘问题min‖AXB-C‖（其中C=C-AX0B）,得到它的最佳逼近对称解.     

“郑伯克段于鄢”地理考

“郑伯克段于鄢”究竟是怎样的一桩历史公案?受公羊传统的影响,郑庄公处心积虑谋杀弟弟,几乎成了普遍接受的看法。然而,历史事实究竟如何呢?从地理的角度考察当时的政治形势,或可为问题的解决提供一个合理的解释。庄公即位后,母亲武姜要他把制封给弟弟共叔段。制与虎牢,统言可视为一地,分言则为相邻两城,据险共同构成郑国与周王室的交通要塞。考虑制的重要战略地位,郑庄公拒绝了,但把京封给了共叔段。京虽大城,却非险要,且受制于包括制和国都在内的三座重要城市。共叔段倚仗武姜的支持和京的强大,先收边邑,后北据廪延,南控鄢地,意图夹击郑都。经过二十多年的扩张,控制了便于与卫国联络的黄河渡口延津,以及南部重镇鄢地,几乎占有郑国一半的领土,与庄公势成水火,给郑国公室造成严重威胁。庄公凭借地理优势和民的支持,打败了共叔段。共叔段逃往卫国,途经庄公控制区域,未遇阻拦。这说明,庄公无意杀弟,所谓杀弟之说实为臆断。     

Association of <Emphasis Type="Italic">VIPR-1</Emphasis> gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with egg production in laying quails

The laying quail is a worldwide breed which exhibits high economic value. In our current study, the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor-1 (VIPR-1) was selected as the candidate gene for identifying traits of egg production. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection was performed in 443 individual quails, including 196 quails from the H line, 202 quails from the L line, and 45 wild quails. The SNPs were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Two mutations (G373T, A313G) were detected in all the tested quail populations. The associated analysis showed that the SNP genotypes of the VIPR-1 gene were significantly linked with the egg weight of G373T and A313G in 398 quails. The quails with the genotype GG always exhibited the largest egg weight for the two mutations in the H and L lines. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis indicated that G373T and A313G loci showed the weakest LD. Seven main diplotypes from the four main reconstructed haplotypes were observed, indicating a significant association of diplotypes with egg weight. Quails with the h1h2 (GGGT) diplotype always exhibited the smallest egg weight and largest egg number at 20 weeks of age. The overall results suggest that the alterations in quails may be linked with potential major loci or genes affecting reproductive traits.     

Seasonal changes in tannin and nitrogen contents of Casuarina equisetifolia branchlets

Seasonal dynamics of total phenolics (TP), extractable condensed tannins (ECT), protein-bound condensed tannins (PBCT), fiber-bound condensed tannins (FBCT), total condensed tannins (TCT), and protein precipitation capacity (PPC) in young, mature and senescent branchlets of Casuarina equisetifolia were studied at Chishan Forestry Center of Dongshan County, Fujian Province, China. In addition, nitrogen contents of branchlets at the different developmental stages were also determined. The contents of TP and ECT, and PPC in young branchlets were significantly higher than those in mature and senescent branchlets through the season. However, PBCT contents were significantly higher in senescent branchlets than those in young and mature branchlets; FBCT fluctuated with season. Young branchlets had the highest N content, which decreased during branch maturity and senescence. The highest contents of TP and the lowest contents of TCT and N in young and mature branchlets were observed in summer. There was a significant negative correlation between TP and N contents. In contrast, TCT contents were positively correlated to N contents. Nutrient resorption during senescence and high TCT:N ratios in senescent branchlets are the important nutrient conservation strategies for C. equisetifolia. Project supported by the National Eleventh Five-year Key Project (No. 2006BAD03A14-01), Fujian Provincial Major Special Program of Science and Technology (No. 2006NZ0001-2), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-07-0725), and the Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University, China     

The role of complex posttraumatic stress symptoms in the association between exposure to traumatic events and severity of intimate partner violence

BackgroundSymptoms of both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and disturbances in self-organization (DSO) have been suggested to play a role in the association between an individual's childhood physical abuse and neglect and his/her perpetration of IPV in adulthood; however, the two have yet to be studied in one model. Thus, we aimed to examine the interrelations among childhood exposure to violence and physical neglect, exposure to trauma across one's lifetime, ICD-11 CPTSD symptoms (i.e., PTSD and DSO), and IPV severity.MethodsParticipants were 234 men drawn randomly from a national sample of 1600 mandated men receiving treatment for domestic violence in Israel. They completed measures of potentially traumatic exposure, symptoms of CPTSD, child abuse and neglect, and IPV. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine possible direct and indirect effects of the study variables.ResultsResults confirmed the indirect role of CPTSD symptoms in the association between the following types of traumatic exposure – childhood exposure to violence (B = .03, β = .05, SE = .01, p = .05, CI 90% [.041, .143]), childhood exposure to physical neglect (B = .04, β = .04, SE = .02, p < .01, CI 90% [.014, .092]), and lifetime exposure to potentially traumatic events, or PTEs (B = .04, β = .09, SE = .01, p < .001, CI 90% [.006, .074]) – and the perpetration of psychological IPV as an adult. No significant results were found in relation to the perpetration of physical IPV.ConclusionsThe current cross-sectional study findings suggest a preliminary direction regarding the possible direct and indirect effects of ICD-11CPTSD on the severity of IPV psychological perpetration. The clinical implications include the need to focus on both PTSD and DSO symptoms in order to help reduce these potential risk factors for psychological IPV perpetration.     

Infant Proneness-to-Distress Temperament, Maternal Personality, and Mother-Infant Attachment: Associations and Goodness of Fit

66 mother-infant pairs were examined when the infants were 9 and 13 months. The purpose of this report was to examine relations between infant proneness-to-distress temperament, maternal personality characteristics, and mother-infant attachment. There were no main-effect relations between infant proneness-to-distress temperament as assessed at 9 months and infant attachment classification at 13 months. This was true whether security of attachment (A and C vs. B) or proposed temperament (A1-B2 vs. B3-C2) groupings of attachment classifications were examined. Infant proneness-to-distress temperament, however, was associated with maternal behavior and personality. Furthermore, security of attachment could be predicted by an interaction between maternal personality and infant proneness-to-distress. The importance of considering goodness-of-fit relations in predicting attachment security is discussed.     

酯基取代4-苯甲醛缩氨基硫脲衍生物的合成及其生物活性研究

以4-羟基苯甲醛为起始化合物,通过酯化反应在苯甲醛的羟基位置引入不同的酯基得到中间产物(B1-B12),然后在中间产物B1-B12的醛基位置引入氨基硫脲基团,共合成12个酯基取代缩胺基硫脲衍生物(C1-C12)。C1-C12均通过核磁共振氢谱、碳谱、质谱等进行表征。并测试了C1-C12化合物对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性,结果表明大多数酯基取代缩氨基硫脲衍生物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶IC₅₀值小于10μM,其中抑制活性最强的化合物为C2,其对酪氨酸酶的IC50值达到1.5μM。随着酯基碳链长度的增加,这类化合物对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性逐渐降低。     

庄子思想的发扬者--嵇康

本就嵇康现存的诗，指出其受庄子影响，来源于庄子思想的成分，并逐一分析其论题，指出他在哪些问题上、在什么程度上继承、发扬了庄子的思想精神。最后归结起来，我们可以认识到嵇康发扬庄子思想的表现是：1、不论看什么问题都以任情、任自然的观点为主；2、坚持庄子反儒教的立场；3、发挥庄子逻辑严密、概念准确的特色以及某些语汇的吸收、运用。     

试论辽东半岛南部地区的史前文化

史前的辽东半岛南部地区地处两大化区的交界地带，其化特征既受到东北化区的影响，又受到海岱化区的影响，因而形成了独具特色的化面貌。相对来说，辽东半岛南部地区与山东半岛的联系更为密切，两地从公元前4500年左右就开始了化上的交流。这种化上的交流随着化的演化不断加强，到公元前2600年左右，辽东半岛南部地区已成为海岱化区的一个化小区。辽东半岛南部地区与山东半岛地区的化交流不仅促进了该地史前化的形成，而且对历史时期也产生了深远的影响。