知识、知识管理与网络信息知识服务

知识元是人的知识结构中的基本元素 ,它由信息元、经验、智慧和问题的解决四个方面共同复合而成。知识库应包括数据知识库、程序知识库和系统知识库三种类型。根据网络信息用户需求特点 ,知识服务应采取分级服务模式 ,遵循知识整合、信息析因和知识逼近原则。     

Basic concepts of entropy, order, organization, information, knowledge, and meaning

The classical concept of entropy is shown not to reflect the essence of the second law of thermodynamics both phenomenologically and theoretically. A new concept of entropy, S _n , is given, which offers a particular physical meaning of entropy and provides an experimental determination of the entropy value. This allows one to avoid many attempts at defining the phenomenon of life via entropy characteristics and give definitions of life and an elementary structure of both life itself and devices that simulate life (automata, computers, and robots.). This, in turn, allows one to assign a substantive sense to the mathematical character of corresponding sciences (information theory, cybernetics, system theory, etc.) and define operational basic concepts of information, knowledge, meaning, and control, as well as to formulate operational concepts of order, organization, and self-organization and implement a new approach to problems of biology, biophysics, information theory, cybernetics, and system theory.     

知识管理与竞争情报辨析

文章主要阐述了知识管理与竞争情报之间的关系。介绍了竞争情报与知识管理的概念内涵,重点辨析了二者之间的关联性和相异性,描述了知识管理和竞争情报在系统、企业竞争力和企业内部构建中的融合。     

论企业的信息管理与知识管理

本文阐述了企业的信息管理与知识管理的形成与发展特点以及两者之间的联系,分析了企业CIO与CKO的关系.     

关于知识、信息、图书馆基本职能的再思考

从宏观上论述了知识与信息的概念,重申图书馆的基本职能是知识服务(或服务于人类的文化素质),指出了图书馆界目前存在对"信息服务"与"知识服务"的两种模糊认识.     

Urban exploration: Secrecy and information creation and sharing in a hobby context

Urban exploration is a hobby that involves visiting and capturing visual images of urban infrastructure often no longer used, including sewers, towers, factories, and military instalments. Hobbyists then frequently share their visual content via social media sites. The urban explorer's multi-layered construction of content offers an important opportunity to understand how people create information and share experiences and content in a hobby context. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews with 17 urban explorers from Ireland and the United Kingdom and an analysis of urban explorers' digital presence. Results suggest that urban explorers believe their hobby serves both personal and civic purposes. Urban explorers' creative hobby behaviors further lead them to secretive information behaviors.     

论情报学和知识管理的互动关系

本文在讨论情报学与知识管理的基础上 ,分析研究二者产生互动关系的条件 ,得出情报学与知识管理是相互影响、相互促进、相互带动发展的关系这一结论。     

知识管理与图书情报学的关系

知识管理对图书情报学的发展产生了根本性的影响,知识管理的实施是图书情报 学创新和发展的需要。文章探讨了从信息管理到知识管理的演进及知识管理实施的内容,论 述了知识管理与图书情报学二者相互渗透和影响、相互促进和发展的关系。     

论知识经济时代的知识信息服务

本文着重阐述了知识经济社会中图书馆知识信息服务产生的背景,知识信息服务的含义、特征以及高效知识信息服务的实现条件。     

Proximal advantage in knowledge diffusion: The time dimension

This paper intends to explore the impact of geographic proximity on the diffusion of knowledge in the form of publication citations, and argues that codified knowledge is transmitted faster in proximity and is subject to similar geographic constraints as tacit knowledge. The geographic proximity advantage would be particularly relevant in the early stage of dissemination. We collected three sets of research articles published in 1990, 2000 and 2010 and compared the longitudinal citations they received domestically and from abroad. The study found that domestic citations accumulate faster and reach their peak much earlier than foreign citations, and the difference is most evident in the first few years after publication. The result shows that geographic proximity does play a role in the speed of knowledge diffusion and points to the network effect for citations. Those located closer to the knowledge origin would be exposed and react to publications faster due to the additional opportunities of research exchange and network.     

关于利用信息创新未来的思考

充分利用信息是信息时代走向成功的捷径,图书馆为赢得读者提供优质的信息检索服务是发展的需要。图书馆员应具备的信息素质,帮助用户学会利用多种途径采集信息。     

企业知识管理与数字图书馆资源共享

企业知识管理是企业适应知识经济时代进行经营管理过程中出现的产物。它作为一种崭新管理模式，强调运用集体智慧，增强企业的竞争能力与创新能力，其主要实现途径是建立充分、有效的知识共享机制。拥有海量信息的数字图书馆是企业知识管理系统实施的一大知识资源基础，其核心是构建超大型、全球式的知识库，需要各个方面知识、信息资源的支持，因此企业知识管理在利用数字图书馆的同时，还应输出部分知识资源支持数字图书馆资源共享体系的形成。     

知识管理对信息管理的影响

文章认为从数据到信息,最后到知识,是一个连续发展的过程.反过来,知识也会影响信息的获取和数据的选择.基于信息和知识之间的关系,以信息为主要研究对象的信息管理和以知识为主要研究对象的知识管理有很大的区别,但也有密切的联系.信息管理的发展为知识管理的发展提供基础和技术支持,而知识管理的发展也对信息管理的信息对象、信息服务、信息技术等方面产生了影响.     

Exploring the competencies of information professionals for knowledge management in the information institutions of Bangladesh

Aim of the study

The aim of the study is to explore the views of information professionals for knowledge management (KM) in the libraries/information institutions of Bangladesh.

Research questions

This paper seeks to address the following research questions: How the information professionals of Bangladesh perceive the views of KM? What are likely to be the skills required by the information professionals of Bangladesh for KM in the libraries of Bangladesh? and what are likely to be the critical success factors for encouraging KM in the information institutions of Bangladesh?

Method

The methodology includes a quantitative approach. The study has been conducted through a survey using a pre-structured questionnaire. A short and structured questionnaire was sent to 50 information professionals who had been working in different libraries in Bangladesh through email and/or by postal mail. The respondents were selected from six divisions of Bangladesh (25 respondents from Dhaka division, 5 each in Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barishal and Sylhet divisions). Out of the 50 individuals sent the survey we received 30 responses, for a response rate 60%.

Findings

The results of the study show that that 93.24% of the respondents first read about KM in the literature, but none had taken any courses on KM. Only 6.76% of the respondents had attended a workshop on KM. Findings also yield most professionals believed that several competencies including those in: communication, facilitation, coaching, mentoring, networking, negotiating, consensus building, and team working were essential for KM in the libraries of Bangladesh. This paper also suggests some critical success factors for encouraging the information professionals to KM in the libraries of Bangladesh. It investigates the original views of the library and information professionals of Bangladesh regarding the skills and competences of information professionals for KM in the libraries of Bangladesh.

Recommendations of the study

The department of Information Science and Library Management of Dhaka University and Rajshahi University should introduce KM course(s) either in the graduate level or in the post-graduate level.     

Estimating the diffusion models of crisis information in micro blog

The study tries to construct the diffusion models of crisis information in micro blog. We propose three information release patterns in micro blog according to the duration of crisis information released, namely concentrated release, continuous release, and pulse release. Based on Logistic function, three respective diffusion models are constructed. We choose three crisis events to test the diffusion models using the variables of the number of micro blogs with the crisis information (NMCI) and the increment of NMCI. The estimate results show that the diffusion of crisis information in micro blogs can be described by Logistic function, and the growth curve of NMCI is S-shaped.     

论知识创新中的图书情报服务平台建设

知识创新是一项系统工程,基于数字网络的图书情报服务平台是知识创新的基本保障条件之一。文章分析了面向知识创新的图书情报服务向知识服务的发展趋势,从图书情报服务平台的网络结构和功能结构两方面探讨了平台的构建问题,并分析了推进服务平台建设的若干举措。     

论信息资源共享与知识产权保护

在当今信息化时代,信息资源共享已经成为全球范围内的潮流趋势,在这个过程中知识产权保护与其产生了许多关联,也由此引发了一系列的问题。文章通过剖析信息资源共享与知识产权保护之间的关系,提出了几点基于知识产权保护的信息资源共享策略,以试图解决这些问题。     

A layered framework to study collaboration as a form of knowledge sharing and diffusion

Collaboration can be described using layered systems such as the article–author–institute–country structure. These structures can be considered ‘cascades’ or ‘chains’ of bipartite networks. We introduce a framework for characterizing and studying the intensity of collaboration between entities at a given level (e.g., between institutions). Specifically, we define the notions of significant, essential and vital nodes, and significant, essential and vital sub paths to describe the spread of knowledge through collaboration in such systems. Based on these notions, we introduce relative and absolute proper essential node (PEN) centrality as indicators of a node's importance for diffusion of knowledge through collaboration.We illustrate these concepts in an illustrative example and show how they can be applied using a small real-world example. Since collaboration implies knowledge sharing, it can be considered a special form of knowledge diffusion.     

基于知识管理的图书馆信息服务机制

本文阐述了知识管理对图书馆信息服务的影响,通过制定信息服务知识管理战略、建立有效的知识管理系统、畅通信息服务渠道、建立服务质量评估与反馈机制等措施,构建图书馆新的信息服务机制,以适应与日俱增的知识经济发展和需求。