我国媒介素养教育的理念反思

媒介素养教育是当前我国新闻传播学术界讨论的热点，然而其中的大部分讨论主要还是处于对国外的媒介素养教育的介绍与分析层面上，很少对我国媒介素养教育的理念进行本土化的反思，本文通过从法律理论、新闻理论、教育理论三大角度反思我国的媒介素养教育的本土化理念，指出我国媒介素养教育应做到“为人民服务、为社会主义服务”，提出要全面、正确认识媒介是我国媒介素养教育的坚实起点，并强调现代教育是我国媒介素养教育的必由之路。     

试论我国媒介素养教育的突破口

我国对媒介素养教育研究已近10年,但至今仍停留在纸上谈兵的阶段。其中原因很多,但主要是因为没有选准媒介素养教育的突破口。本文对以高校为我国媒介素养教育的突破口这一观点的理由和以高校为突破口启动我国媒介素养教育的意义及其具体实施方案进行了较深入的探讨和说明。     

美国、加拿大和澳大利亚媒介素养教师教育的经验与启示

随着信息技术的发展,媒介在人们生活中的作用越来越重要,媒介素养已成为现代公民所应具备的基本素养。为此,许多国家都将媒介素养教育纳入学校正规教育体系。开展媒介素养教育、开发媒介素养教育课程,需要具有较高媒介素养的教师。要提高教师的媒介素养水平和媒介素养教育能力,关键是对媒介素养教师进行培训。文章对美国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国媒介素养教师教育问题进行比较分析,以期对我国开展媒介素养教师教育有所启迪。     

后真相时代美国数字媒介素养教育研究

随着数字媒介的崛起与媒介形态的快速更替,美国传统媒介素养教育举步维艰。为迎接后真相时代的严峻挑战,一场由政府、媒介素养教育组织、教育工作者、高校、新闻界等多元主体共同参与的数字媒介素养教育全面启动。数字媒介素养教育可以帮助年轻人识别数字媒介的不利影响,帮助他们养成探究的习惯和表达技巧,将他们培养成为批判性的思想者、有效的沟通者和积极的公民。当前中国同样备受谣言、假消息的困扰,公众的媒介素养亟待提高。借鉴美国数字媒介素养教育的经验,应尽快将数字媒介素养教育纳入正规教育体系,制定数字媒介素养教育的整体教学规划,鼓励与发展数字媒介素养社会组织,高度重视家庭数字媒介素养教育的作用。     

中学生媒介素养教育的策略研究

中学生媒介素养教育目前存在着不受学校、家长和学生重视,缺乏明确的媒介素养教育目标和教学内容,缺乏专业的媒介素养教育教师和缺乏科学的媒介素养的考评机制等问题。针对这些问题,为了更好地进行媒介素养教育,我们应结合相关课程进行媒介素养教育,设定中学生媒介素养的培养目标,选择合适的媒介素养教学内容,采用灵活多样的教学方法,并对教师进行教师媒介素养教育培训,以及建立科学的媒介素养考核制度,从而真正获得实效。     

小学生媒介素养教育课程建构研究——以信息技术课程为例

在小学阶段开展媒介素养教育具有启蒙意义。从媒介素养教育内涵切入,阐述媒介素养教育的现状和存在的问题,研究基于信息技术的媒介素养教育课程如何开展,建构信息技术课程在媒介素养教育中的可为之处,让小学生会用媒介、善用媒介。     

媒介素养教育应以大学生为主要整合对象

媒介素养教育的概念在20世纪30、40年代就已经出现,欧洲和西方国家特别重视媒介素养教育,英国、加拿大等国家已经将媒介素养教育设为全国或国内部分地区中、小学的正规教育内容。我国的媒介素养教育还处于萌芽状态。本文提出我国的媒介素养教育应以大学生为主要对象,并在媒介素养教育内涵的基础上,对大学中推广媒介素养教育的必要性和可行性进行论证。     

美国教师媒介素养教育研究

随着信息传播技术的不断革新,媒介素养教育概念已经扩展到数字媒体、视觉文化和流行文化当中.教师作为知识的传播者,媒介素养不能落后于教育需求.美国是媒介素养教育起步较晚的国家,但媒介素养教育发展却十分迅速,至今已经拥有较为成熟的媒介素养教育体系和制度.本文通过分析美国教师媒介素养教育现状,总结了若干美国媒介素养教育的优缺点:(1)美国教师媒介素养教育培训体系较为成熟;(2)美国教师媒介素养教育目的明确;(3)美国的媒介素养教育带有商业色彩.本文通过对比中美两国的媒介素养教育,提出了我国媒介素养教育应该注意的一些问题:我国应该成立专业的媒介素养教育机构,致力于促进和发展我国的媒介素养教育;避免我国的媒介素养教育商业化发展;媒介素养教育应该包括批判性地分析社会的热点问题,希望本文能为我国的媒介素养教育提供一些参考.     

新媒介生态视域下大学生媒介素养教育

新媒介生态构成了大学生媒介素养教育建立和发展的现实语境,是对大学生开展媒介素养教育的现实起点。在分析当前中国新媒介生态特点的基础上,明确了新媒介生态下媒介素养教育的内涵。针对当前中国大学生媒介素养教育缺失的现状,提出在新媒介生态下大学生媒介素养教育应由媒介批判向媒介主动参与的范式转型,与高校思想政治教育相结合是大学生媒介素养教育实施的重要路径,媒介教育、学校教育和自我教育是构建大学生媒介素养教育体系的重要组成部分。     

我国中小学生媒介素养教育的现状、问题与对策

大众传媒时代,中小学生媒介素养教育重要性日益突出。我国中小学生媒介环境、媒介素养现状堪忧,媒介素养教育总体相对滞后,应借鉴国外媒介素养教育理论和实践的有益经验,探寻我国中小学开展青少年媒介素养教育的应对策略。     

大学生英文新媒体素养的内涵与结构--兼论其与英语自我效能感的关系

大学生利用新媒体开展英语学习已成为常态,但其应用效果不完全一致。国内外关注英语学习者新媒体素养的研究较少,存在理论框架不完善、实证研究缺乏等问题。基于国际新媒体素养研究中最新的理论框架编制的大学生英文新媒体素养评价量表,包括功能性取用(取用技能、理解),功能性创用(创用技能、传播、生产),批判性取用(分析、整合、评价)和批判性创用(参与、反思、创造)4个一级维度和11个二级维度。经对486位大学生开展的实证研究显示:(1)改编后的大学生英文新媒体素养评价指标具有较好的信效度,有助于完善人们对新媒体素养内涵和结构的理解;(2)我国大学生的英文新媒体素养整体处于低阶水平,重功能性取用,轻批判性创用;(3)大学生英文新媒体素养与其英语自我效能感呈现高度相关,功能性媒体素养是英语自我效能感的重要预测因素。大学生在学习正确获取或应用网络资源的同时,应注重加强对新媒体来源信息的辨析采纳,提高批判性参与意识。高校应积极服务大学生多层次英文新媒体素养的提升,培养信息社会所需的高素质人才。     

The Case of Three Karen Refugee Women and Their Children: Literacy Practices in a Family Literacy Context

The lack of research about the Karen, one of 135 ethnic groups from Myanmar limits literacy educators charged with educating this refugee population in public schools. In this case study the authors explore the literacy practices of Karen families when at school and in their homes and within an ESL family literacy program. The case of these refugee families and their experiences are analyzed within a sociocultural theoretical framework along with a focus on literacy adaptation through the lenses of cross-cultural studies, adult and language teachers involved in literacy practices, and literacy studies. Four core themes emerged from participant observation, including adult/parent learners’ engagement with memorization, parents’ literacy practices through reading texts aloud (recitation) to improve their speaking skills, and parents’ use of computers to engage with American media. The study offers important educational understandings of one of the world’s least known diaspora.     

Dynamic,Playful and Productive Literacies

This paper reflects on recent projects in a variety of media forms, in both formal and informal educational settings, discussing ways of expanding our notions of literacy practices which reflect their place in the wider lived experience of digital culture. We have collected these reflections under three headings. The first of these, Dynamic Literacies, presents an overarching view of literacy as both ideological, following the ‘new literacy studies’, and dynamic, incorporating both semiotic and sociocultural versions of literacy in ways which reflect the changing nature of lived experience in the digital age. The second strand, Productive Literacies, constructs an argument around digital making practices with younger learners which views these as media crafting, critique and artistry. The third strand, Playful Literacies, explores recent projects which are located in games and game-authoring practices as a specific example of connecting pedagogy to contemporary media forms and learner agency in formal and informal settings. Taken together, the three perspectives allow for common ground to be established between multimodal production practices, whilst providing suggestions for framing literacy pedagogy in response to the pervasive use of media and technology in contemporary digital culture.     

Practitioners’ perceptions of dyslexia and approaches towards teaching learners with dyslexia in adult literacy classes

Learners with dyslexia are likely to be over-represented in adult literacy classes because of the convergence in perceptions, causes and understanding of literacy problems and dyslexia. Given the great amount of apprehension about practitioners’ and policy makers’ understanding of dyslexia itself, it is important to carry out an exploration of the perceptions of literacy teachers, who increasingly have responsibility for teaching learners with dyslexia. This study reports such an exploration. It employed a questionnaire survey and a focus group interview to collect data on the perceptions of literacy teachers on issues around the teaching of learners with dyslexia. The data collected were analysed using the conceptual analysis strand of concept analysis. It found that their perception of dyslexia and their approaches to teaching learners with dyslexia were informed by a dominant discourse which derives from a deficit model of dyslexia and which concurs with the metaphor of dyslexia and illiteracy as a form of disease. Furthermore, participants in this research revealed that they had limited confidence in the long-term value of the tuition they provide to their learners. The study concludes by highlighting that there is a need to explore alternatives in terms of perceptions and approaches if learners with dyslexia are to succeed in literacy classes.     

Specifying a curriculum for biopolitical critical literacy in science teacher education: exploring roles for science fiction

In this essay I suggest some ways in which science teacher educators in Western neoliberal economies might facilitate learners’ development of a critical literacy concerning the social and cultural changes signified by the concept of biopolitics. I consider how such a biopolitically inflected critical literacy might find expression in a science teacher education curriculum and suggest a number of ways of materializing such a curriculum in specific literatures, media, procedures, and assessment tasks, with particular reference to the contributions of science fiction in popular media.     

Literacy and development: what works for whom? or,how relevant is the social practices view of literacy for literacy education in developing countries?

This paper is concerned with the implications of a social view of literacy for the policy and practice of adult literacy. Taking the example of a recent literacy project in South Africa and comparing this with the author's own ethnographic research among learners from the National Literacy Programme in Namibia, the paper discusses the possible difficulties to be experienced when designing a literacy project based on the concept of literacy as a social practice. The main argument put forward is that these difficulties are likely to be grounded in the difference between potential learners’ uses of literacy in everyday life and their understandings of literacy and how this orients them towards particular forms of literacy education.     

媒介素养教育的CRT模型构建研究

媒介素养教育研究日益受到学者们的关注,近年来在国内部分高校已经尝试开设媒介素养公开课程。由于受到国外文化保护、超越保护主义和视觉文化不同思潮的影响,因此国内对媒介素养教育课程模型还处于探索阶段。在媒介素养教育研究与课程实施的过程中,需要考虑国内大众对媒介传播的认识,进一步找到符合媒介素养教育本土化发展的方法与途径。CRT模型把媒介传播的本质作为媒介素养教育课程内容实施方法与手段,去分析和解构媒介素养教育的课程内容体系,从而使媒介素养教育课程的实施更符合国内课程的国情。     

An ecological view of literacy learning

This article refutes the common, persistent belief in literacy learning as a linear, sequential process best broken down into small steps that can be taught mechanically in order to produce timely, quantifiable ‘outcomes’, regardless of the vast diversity among learners, teachers, institutions of learning, communities, cultures, media and languages. This naïve and simplistic belief, which flies in the face of virtually all evidence from direct observation, research on literacy learning, evolutionary biology, cognitive science, psychological and social science research, neurophysiology, educational theory, public policy, anthropology and communication, nevertheless remains well entrenched, despite its destructive consequences. Presented here is the evidence in support of an alternative view, an ecological perspective which takes into account the complex ecosystems within which teachers and learners learn, adapt, interact, communicate and connect. Furthermore, it presents a sensible and humane model for documenting and assessing learning and teaching ecologically, the Learning Record. This model is well supported both theoretically and practically, with over 20 years of successful implementation for thousands of students at every level, from pre‐school to graduate school; in every discipline, from maths to biology to writing; and across diverse student populations, from inner‐city schools to reservation schools, migrant populations, students with disabilities and newly arrived English language learners.     

Conceptualisations of literacy and literacy practices for children with severe learning difficulties

Literacy is traditionally narrowly conceptualised as a set of skills related to accessing and generating written or printed text. For children designated as having severe learning difficulties (SLD), who are unlikely to develop these ‘conventional’ literacy skills, such a conception implies their semi‐literacy or nonliteracy. Although conceptions of multimodal literacy and multiliteracies have rarely been applied to this group, broader understandings of literacy that include a range of activities, modes and media provide greater opportunities for including these learners in literacy practices. Drawing upon our research with teachers of this group of children and young people, we illustrate these literacy practices. We note, however, that such practices are often haphazard, not coherently thought through, and that there is much confusion regarding any distinction between communication and literacy. We argue for literacy as a specific form of communication, but conclude that broader models of literacies should be utilised to guide and support practitioners in developing interactive practice and in making reasoned and principled approaches and decisions about literacy practices, routes and progression for children with SLD.     

Transformative and emancipatory literacy to empower

ABSTRACT

This paper draws on sociological and critical educational frames, particularly Bourdieu’s concept of symbolic violence, in order to contest the dominant model of literacy education that is driven by the premise of a ‘knowledge economy’. Instead it foregrounds the political, social, and economic factors that marginalise learners. Data from two projects: an ethnographic study in a Further Education (FE) College in England and a study of community-based literacy programmes in Scotland, are probed to show how literacy classes can offer spaces to challenge symbolic violence and facilitate learners to reclaim identities of success. These changes are illustrated from the learners’ views of the contrasts between their experiences of school education and literacy programmes that use transformative and emancipatory approaches. Our research demonstrates how critical education can open up spaces for a more equitable approach based on the co-production of knowledge. It is argued that making changes to policy and practice could inform and shape the literacy curriculum and its pedagogy if adult literacy can disentangle itself from instrumental approaches driven by neoliberal fusion and instead create critical space for contextualised and emancipatory learning.