通辽市杨柳絮飘飞的气象条件分析及服务

利用通辽国家气象观测站1991年—2020年逐日平均气温、降水量、相对湿度、日照时数、风速等地面气象观测资料以及同期杨柳树物候观测资料，对影响杨柳絮飘飞的气象条件进行分析，确定了杨柳絮始飞期主要气象预报指标，建立了杨柳絮飘飞气象指数预报方程并对其进行等级划分。利用2022年通辽地区逐日平均气温、降水量、相对湿度、日照时数、风速等气象资料对杨柳絮始飞期以及杨柳絮飘飞指数等级进行预报，并通过实景观测数据进行验证，预报结论与实际飘飞情况基本一致，同时进一步指出了杨柳飞絮对人们生活的影响以及防范措施，取得了较好的服务效果，可为日后开展杨柳飞絮气象预报服务提供理论依据和数据支撑。     

用聚类分析方法对西藏降水区域划分及其应用探讨

利用1980—2006年共27a逐日降水资料计算西藏地区38个气象观测站之间的相似综合指标，再应用系数聚类法进行降水区域的划分，将西藏全区共分成13片。并通过对2007年1月1日至8月26逐日降水量进行统计分析，结果发现：这种区域划分与实际降水区域配合较好，符合实际天气意义。同时这种降水区域划分在西藏地区短期降水预报和地质灾害分析预报中具有较好的应用前景，值得深入探讨。     

青海省3～5天逐日降水、气温滚动预报方法研究

本文利用T213数值预报产品和青海省42个站降水、最高气温和最低气温实况资料，采用PP方法设计思路，以逐步回归分析方法，研制了青海省3～5d逐日降水、气温滚动预报方程，并在2003年7月～2004年12月进行了业务试运行，结果表明，这种方法提高了预报的准确率，有一定的实用价值。     

2014年西藏地质灾害风险预报现状与思考

文章利用西藏国土资源厅地质环境监测总站提供的2014年5月至9月地质灾害资料,结合气象部门的降水数据,分析了2014年汛期西藏全区主要地质灾害类型、频发时段、分布特征和规律。并结合2014年汛期,区气象台逐日发布的《地质灾害预报预警信息》,开展预报与实况对比,从致灾因子和孕灾环境等入手对318国道沿线尼木县2014年地质灾害进行了细致的分析,鉴以探讨西藏地质灾害风险预报预警服务现状及存在的问题及原因。     

黄河上游中期定量降水预报方法研究

本文介绍了在数值预报的基础上,利用天气学和统计学相结合的方法进行黄河上游流域未来7天逐日定量降水预报的情况,通过实际业务运行,表明该预报方法在实际应用中效果较为理想,具有实用价值和推广价值。     

兴安盟不同季节最高、最低气温预报研究

通过4年逐日T639粗网格资料中的2m温度、850hPa温度,EC粗网格资料中的850hPa温度资料,与兴安盟8个测站同期最高、最低气温资料进行相关系数计算,发现线性相关特别显著,从而建立了80个最高、最低气温预报方程,经检验,冬、夏季模型气温预报准确率优于全年模型,春季模型预报准确率不及全年模型,为实际预报提供了选择依据。     

最优子集在高原短期预报中的应用

本系统的建立从短期预报实际业务需求和实际资料获取情况出发，利用提优子集和预报员经验合成而建立。从预报试验可以看出，在选好因子的前提下，用最了集在西藏单站预报是可行的，试报效果较好。通过经验选取预报因子，建立了集回归方程，选出全局最优子集回归建立短期单站降水预报模型，从而提供西藏地区各主要代表站（有探空资料五个站）6－9月客观逐日短期降水预报，这是一个尝试。对1999年6月进行试验应用，效果较好。     

不平衡场在青海高原冰雹预报中的释用

通过2002年6至9月逐日资料对高空环流形势、地面冷空气活动进行统计分析，且着重利用数值预报产品计算不平衡场，并对不平衡场进行探讨，初步得出青海南、北部冰雹天气与不衡场的对应关系。     

青海省大～暴雪天气环流特征及其预报方法研究

本文利用青海省42个站1973～2000年28a的逐日降雪资料,对青海省产生大～暴雪的天气气候特征和全省50个大～暴雪天气过程个例进行分析,总结出产生青海省大～暴雪天气过程的500hPa环流分型及主要影响系统,并利用T213和欧洲中心的相关数值预报产品对青海省大～暴雪天气的短期预报方法进行研究。     

青海省海北四县温度预报误差成因分析

24h最高、最低气温预报是电视天气预报节目对公众发布的基本气象要素,也是最重要的气象要素之一。这就需要气象工作人员对指导预报进行全方位客观分析,对影响温度预报的影响因素进行深入分析,以达到快速准确订正指导预报,提高地市精细化预报准确率。本文对青海省海北州四县2010年5月至2016年12月的海北州气象台24h温度预报进行了检验,并对误差较大的样本进行了客观的统计分析,对24h温度的预报准确率进行检验。从预报温度准确率月变化图看,最低温度的预报准确率除海晏县外均高于最高温度的准确率,逐月最低气温与最高气温预报准确率趋势线有一个较好的同步性。从整体来看,最低、最高气温预报准确率都在2月和8月最低,在5～7月、11月偏高。最高气温预报准确率也有很强的季节性及区域性,海晏县、刚察县夏季最低秋季最高,祁连县、门源县春季最低秋季最高。从最高(低)温预报绝对误差4℃的样本中挑选了62天影响全州3个及3个以上站点的个例进行逐日分析,总结出大幅度影响最高、最低温度的形势有:预报降水范围和强度偏差型、预报地面冷空气影响范围和强度偏差型、预报高空冷暖平流影响偏差型、预报高空槽强度移动偏差型、预报云量偏差型。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.