关于马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》部分重要内容的哲学美学解读

《手稿》是马克思一部研究政治经济学和哲学的著作,其中"异化劳动"和"共产主义"两个部分,包含着马克思丰富而深刻的美学思想,在马克思主义美学史上占有极重要的地位。第一次以生产劳动实践的观点,来阐述美和美感的起源,是马克思主义美学的光辉起点,同时也集中体现了马克思的美学思想。因此,对马克思《手稿》的哲学美学解读具有重要意义。     

论马克思主义美学思想的哲学基础

马克思主义美学思想揭示的是人的存在价值论,其目的是以人的社会实践活动为出发点,理解人的存在和价值。马克思主义美学思想的哲学基础可以从三个维度进行解读:从人本主义基础看,马克思主要对黑格尔和费尔巴哈的思想进行批判继承,将人的本质力量对象化视为美学思想的核心;从唯物主义基础看,其发展过程主要经历了三次变化,明确地将辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义视为美学思想的哲学基础;从实践基础看,马克思提出美的创造离不开劳动实践,美的规律必须通过对劳动产品的实践体现出来。因此,马克思美学思想的哲学基础存在一种比较明晰的内在发展性,这种蕴含着人学旨趣的美学思想为当代马克思主义发展提供了重要的理论价值和研究方向。     

《手稿》和《美育书简》——马克思对席勒美学思想的批判继承

康德—~→席勒—~→马克思,是一条美学发展线索,并实现了美学观念的革命性变革.本文基于这一基本理解,通过对席勒主要美学著作《美育书简》和马克思主义美学的奠基作《1844年经济学—哲学手稿》的对比分析,从时代背景、哲学基础和马克思对席勒美学思想的批判继承几个方面探讨了席勒美学思想的启发和贡献,以及马克思对其进行的改造。从而完成粗线条疏理上述美学发展线索之一个侧面的尝试。     

黑格尔美学思想述评

黑格尔是西方美学思想的集大成者,他的美学思想是马克思和恩格斯的美学思想的主要渊源之一。恩格斯说过:“如果不是先有德国哲学,特别是黑格尔哲学,那么德国科学社会主义,即过去从来没有过的唯一的科学社会主义,就决不可能创立。”而作为马克思主义哲学的一个部门的美学同样是如此。所以,研究黑格尔的美学思想,不仅有助于加深对西方美学思想的了解,而且对于我们学习马克思主义的美学理论,发展社会主义的文艺创作,都有启发作用。对马克思和恩格斯的美学思想与黑格尔美学思想的承传关系,已作专文论及。本文主要从美论、艺术论和典型论三个方面,对黑格尔的美学思想作一述评。     

阐释出来的美学思想--对马克思《1844年经济学-哲学手稿》美学价值的再认识

正确认识马克思《1844年经济学--哲学手稿》的美学价值,对于我们科学地理解马克思思想发展进程及其美学思想具有重大意义.评价《手稿》应根据其特定的历史条件和具体语境,从文本本身出发.通过分析,我们认为学术界对《手稿》的美学价值做了不恰当的评价,其美学思想是不断阐释的结果,马克思主义美学体系是由美学研究者与马克思共同建构起来的.     

阐释出来的美学思想：－对马克思《1844年经济学－哲学手稿》美学价值的再认识

正确认识马克思《1844年经济学－哲学手稿》的美学价值，对于我们科学地理解马克思思想发展进程及其美学思想具有重大意义，评价《手稿》应根据其特定的历史条件和具体语境，从文本本身出发，通过分析，我们认为学术界对《手稿》的美学价值做了不恰当的评价，其美学思想是不断阐释的结果，马克思主义美学体系是由美学研究者与马克思共同建构起来的。     

人本主义与马克思美学思想的分期

人本主义不是马克思美学思想的核心,<手稿>应看作马克思思想的过渡期著作.马克思世界观和美学观成熟期的拐点是<关于费尔巴哈的提纲>和<德意志意识形态>.将<手稿>视作马克思哲学和美学"诞生地"、"历史唯物主义的真正开端",是不妥当的.模糊马克思"早期"和"成熟期"的思想界限,容易将其美学观变成人本主义.     

走向实践存在论美学

一、实践存在论美学已不同于实践美学主流派的观点 从章辉的一系列批判实践美学的文章来看，他所指责的实践美学，主要针对的是李泽厚70年代术到80年代中后期，运用马克思实践论的观点所构建起来的美学理论。这一实践美学思想以李泽厚的主体性实践哲学为基础，发挥了马克思在（1844年经济学-哲学手稿》中所阐述的“自然的人化”的观点。李泽厚把实践作为他的哲学和美学的基础，     

简论“两个尺度”和“美的规律”

“两个尺度”和“美的规律”的著名论述是马克思美学思想在《1844年经济学一哲学手稿》(以下简称《手稿》)中极为重要的反映,认真学习和准确领会这段论述,对于了解马克思美学思想、探索美的本质,有着十分重大的意义。     

论人类美——马克思一八四四年手稿的启示

一、美学应是一门关于人的学科 近年来我国学者以极大的兴趣研究着马克思《1844年经济学——哲学手稿》中的美学思想。在这部未完成的著作中马克思论述了“自然界的人化”和“人的对象化”,他写道:     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.