基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现机理研究

folksonomy知识发现已成为解决folksonomy自身语义问题和用户问题的有效途径。针对基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现的机理,首先探寻当前基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现研究的不足,进而在剖析基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现要素和要素关系的基础上,用螺旋研究模型揭示基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现的客观规律,最终探寻出基于FCA的folksonomy知识发现的三个核心内容:folksonomy用户行为、folksonomy用户偏好和folksonomy语义关系。     

基于多重共现的可视化分析工具设计及其知识发现方法研究

本文在界定多重共现概念的基础上,阐述了它与一般共现的区别,同时对Morris交叉图技术进行改进,开发了多重共现的可视化分析工具,并对多重共现的知识发现方法进行了研究。最后还综合运用多重共现可视化分析工具及多重共现的知识发现分析方法,对机构-期刊-关键词的样本数据进行了实证分析。通过分析发现,该套工具以及知识发现方法能较为有效地发现论文中三个特征项之间的多重共现关系,并能揭示出比一重共现现象更为广泛和深入的信息内容。     

基于SNA的国内竞争情报领域作者合作关系研究

科学研究中的作者合作关系对于资源共享、思想交流、知识传播、信息获取等方面都具有重要的意义.文章以社会网络分析为主,辅以作者关键词耦合分析和因子分析,对国内竞争情报领域作者的合作关系进行深层次探索,并通过合作网络结构分析发现了该领域内潜在的合作团体以及其相应的研究主题,从而对作者闻的知识交流以及政策制定提供一定启示.     

中文生物医学关键词-主题词映射表计算机辅助构建与维护机制研究

将自然语言应用到信息组织、标引、检索和分析所需的各种词表中,实现自然语言与受控语言间的互操作,是新一代知识组织系统构建模式。文章围绕“关键词识别与扩充、关键词-主题词映射关系构建、关键词-主题词映射关系更新”3个方面,介绍了中文生物医学关键词-主题词映射表的计算机辅助构建与维护机制,以及系统的功能架构。     

科学知识网络的形成与演化(Ⅱ):共词网络可视化与增长动力学

由论文的关键词及其共现关系构成的共词网络是一类特殊的科学知识网络,代表了科学认知结构.本文利用中国管理科学领域的5种核心期刊的关键词数据研究了共词网络的复杂结构.统计表明共词网络内存在明显的小世界和无标度现象.借助复杂网络绘图软件GUESS,本文绘制了大规模共词网络的拓扑结构图,发现该网络由一个大型的主连通区块和很多孤立的小连通区块组成.借助四个新的信息计量学指标,本文还统计分析了关键词及其共现关系的增长规律,首次从关键词使用的角度定量地证明了科学发展具有创新性和递进性,已有的科学概念是新科学命题产生的知识基础.     

一种从医学文本中实现自动关键词抽取和筛选的技术方法*

鉴于重要关键词对于文本有着重要的强文本表示功能,关键词抽取和筛选在信息检索、信息抽取和知识挖掘等领域中有着重要的作用。在调研当前关键词抽取的方法后,结合医学领域已有的叙词表和工具以及BM25F加权词频公式提出基于医学文本的重要关键词抽取和筛选的技术方法。该方法主要解决两个关键问题：关键词的识别和抽取、关键词重要性的衡量和筛选。以2001-2007年骨关节炎领域的文献集合为数据来源,对该技术方法进行实践尝试,并验证其实际有效性,为知识挖掘中的重要关键词抽取提供一个行之有效的途径。     

大数据视域下期刊关键词的应用分析

随着大数据时代的到来,数字化知识服务平台成为了学术发展的基础设施,数字化出版服务的建设,与关键词有着密不可分的关联。作为搜索文章的重要因素,期刊关键词的应用对于文章的利用率和被引率有着不可或缺的重要作用。就当前的研究来看,关键词的研究并不多见,关键词的选取、检索与规范也存在着一定的学术空白,本文着重论述大数据视域下期刊关键词的应用分析,以期为新时代关键词的应用提供合理参考。     

基于网络全局结构关系的领域重要关键词提取与分析

提取和分析领域重要关键词及其演化模式,对于探索和预测领域知识的研究重点和研究趋势具有重要的意义.论文采用特征分解的方法,提取领域知识网络中的重要结构成分,从网络全局结构关系的视角对领域中的重要关键词进行提取与分析.研究结果表明,在网络全局结构的视角下,领域中始终保持部分恒定不变的重要关键词;恒定关键词之间关联稀疏且包含...     

基于语义相似关系的学科交叉主题识别方法

识别不同学科间共有的研究内容是学科交叉知识发现的一种研究思路。学科间具有相似语义的研究内容,能够更好地体现学科之间知识的融合、交流现象。针对从科技文献数据中获取语义相似学科交叉研究主题的问题,本文提出了一种基于无监督对比学习的科技文献及关键词语义相似关系表示学习方法,构建了一种语义相似学科交叉主题识别模型。该模型将Spearman相关系数作为评价学科交叉主题的指标,解决了现有研究缺少学科交叉研究数据集的问题。研究结果表明,本文模型较好地获取了科技文献及其关键词之间的语义相似关系,能够较好地反映两个学科之间的交叉态势。     

2000-2016年我国数字档案馆研究现状及热点分析

本文以CNKI中有关"数字档案馆"的期刊论文作为样本数据,借助SATI和Ucinet等统计分析软件,抽取文献关键词,对合作者进行社会网络分析,对关键词进行共现分析,绘制了我国数字档案馆研究的热点知识图谱。对数字档案馆当前研究现状进行计量分析,多角度揭示数字档案馆的发展现状及研究热点。     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.