SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF INTERNATIONAL CO‐OPERATION BETWEEN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND SYSTEMS

Gerard W. Earls is Principal Lecturer at the Middlesex Polytechnic in the United Kingdom. We give below an article written by him for “Higher Education in Europe” dealing with the problems of international co‐operation in higher education.     

A TECHNICAL COLLEGE'S RESPONSE TO THE NEED FOR INTERNATIONALIZING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND SERVICES

Part of the mission of the American Association of Community Colleges addresses the need for a curriculum emphasis on international and intercultural education (Wismer, 1994, p. 77). Considering that (a) 2‐year colleges exist primarily to prepare students for jobs, (b) many American businesses operate in an international environment, and (c) a growing proportion of companies in the United States are foreign affiliated, the internationalization of our curriculums is necessaryforthe fulfillment of institutional missions of preparing the workforce for businesses. However, to fully internationalize college programs and services, the focus must be on more than courses and curriculums. The everyday life of college students, faculty, and staff must present evidence of cultural diversity. Internationalization, therefore, must be infused at every level of college activity. Such an infusion is occurring at Florence‐Darlington Technical College in Florence, South Carolina. There are four broad categories within which activities are planned or are underway: (a) resource development, (b) awareness development and information dissemination, (c) faculty and staff development, and (d) curriculum development. The importance of the need for this South Carolina college to undertake internationalizing initiatives is underscored by the multicultural business environment that exists in the state. For many years, international investment has created record levels of new employment opportunities for South Carolinians and has contributed significantly to statewide economic and industrial growth. The economic impact of international business in the state is apparent. However, there is also a cultural impact that is less obvious, yet profound. These factors present some definite implications for the need to internationalize technical college programs and services.     

中国和东盟诸国知识产权制度协调模式研究

中国和东盟诸国的知识产权制度之间存在巨大的差异,并对中国和东盟诸国开展经贸往来形成阻碍。为适应中国—东盟自由贸易区的建立,双方应建立协调对话机制,制定统一的知识产权法。现在,国际上已有成例可资借鉴,其中以欧盟的做法较为符合中国和东盟的实际。     

THE GERMAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG SCHOLARS

This essay takes as its point of departure the labour market problems for young academics in the Federal Republic of Germany. All societies which have undergone a comparable expansion in higher education have had to cope with comparable problems. The first part identifies a few features specific to the personnel structure of German universities via a brief historical retrospective and touches on the question of whether these structures are especially suitable for purposes of research. The second part presents selected results of an empirical study on new generation academics, particularly on professional careers and the situation of women. A third part presents normative conclusions drawn from the situations described.

     

THE VALUE OF GERONTOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE FOR ELDERS: A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE ON AGING AND WORRY ABOUT THE FUTURE

Worry influences how we perceive and interpret new information. By filtering and distorting information to protect his or her belief systems, the worrier lowers the probability that new experience will result in new learning and, thus, personal growth is greatly reduced.

This study's major concern was to investigate the relationship between knowledge of aging and worry about the aging process among older and younger adults in Israel. Worry adds additional difficulty to daily living, interferes with problem‐solving ability, and lowers quality of life. The present study investigates the relationship between realistic, accurate knowledge of the aging process and the degree of worry experienced by older adults. The findings indicate that there is a clear and consistently significant relationship between years of education and both knowledge of aging and degree of worry about the commonly held negative stereotyped beliefs regarding old age.

The main finding of this study is that knowledge of aging is consistently associated with lower worry scores. The better educated respondents and those better informed about the facts on aging were found less vulnerable to worrisome beliefs that are inaccurate or have low probability of occurrence. The findings suggest the importance of increasing knowledge on aging through educational programming. Increased knowledge on aging can provide older persons with anticipatory socialization that can moderate stressful future events and make extreme worry an unnecessary and avoidable condition.     

THE CONFLICT BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND ABSTRACT SYSTEMS IN EDUCATION

A bstract .  In this essay, Benjamin Endres examines how teaching is caught between the ideals of formal, systemic institutions, on the one hand, and the ideals of more intimate or personal relations, on the other. Endres uses Anthony Giddens's account of "abstract systems" and "pure" relations to suggest that the tension that teachers face is not only the result of opposing ideologies or philosophies of teaching, but it is the product of conflicting undercurrents in modern social and economic life. Although there is no simple solution to the ambiguous and contested status of teaching, Endres points to two examples of how the interpersonal dimensions of teaching may gain recognition and support by the institutional system of schooling: research on the effects of class size and legal guarantees for individualized educational plans in the area of special education. He concludes by emphasizing the particular challenge of cultivating interpersonal relations for the most disadvantaged students.     

信息熵与量子统计系综分布的关系

本文给出了信息熵在量子统计系综中的表述形式，并运用密度矩阵的运算方法导出了信息熵与量子统计系综中三种分布（微正则分布、正则分布和巨正则分布）的极值关系。     

POSSIBILITIES AND POTENTIAL BARRIERS: LEARNING TO PLAN FOR DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION IN ELEMENTARY SCIENCE

Research indicates that differentiated practices enhance the likelihood of meeting the needs of students who find literacy learning challenging (Tobin & McInnes, 2008; Tomlinson, 2003). The aim of the professional development project described here was to leverage these findings and to build the foundation for future research exploring if similar outcomes occurred in science. We wanted to examine teachers’ perceptions regarding planning and implementing Differentiated Instruction (DI) in science. Our workshops emphasized multimodal possibilities, so the project draws on research indicating that elementary students are able to demonstrate their understanding of science concepts in a variety of ways (Tippett, 2003) as well as research on DI in the context of language and literacy instruction. The study yielded insights about in-service teachers’ perceptions of the possibilities and potential barriers presented by DI in science.     

THE FORM INVARIANCES AND THE HOJMAN CONSERVED QUANTITIES FOR HAMILTON SYSTEMS

The form invariance and the Lie symmetry are defined for Hamilton systems. A relation between the form invariance and the Lie symmetry is derived. The Hojman conserved quantity is constructed by using the generators of Lie symmetry. An approach to find Hojman conserved quantities in terms of the form invariance is presented. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

电动车电瓶早衰原因及其预防措施

针对现有电动车电瓶早衰严重的问题,结合电瓶的工作原理,深入分析了电瓶早衰的原因,并提出了具体的预防措施。试验表明,这些措施能够较好地保证电瓶的使用寿命,预防早衰,具有很好的应用参考价值。     

创新创业教育视角下校企合作关系管理研究

针对目前校企合作流于形式、效能低下,合作关系十分脆弱、难以持续,其有效性也被质疑的问题,以校企合作关系管理研究为视角,基于过程性思考,从资源基础观、社会逻辑观和新制度组织理论的角度对校企合作形成的动因进行分析;据此,进一步剖析和探究校企合作关系陷入困境的缘由,为有效提高创新创业教育校企合作提供参考.     

中国-东盟知识产权合作的现实基础与法律进路

知识产权合作是中国一东盟自由贸易区非常重要的内容,双方知识产权合作是历史的应然。中国一东盟知识产权合作应该定位于促进成员间知识产权的发展,防止恶性竞争,建立统一、和谐的产权制度和公正、高效的争端解决机制。同时还要用尽TRIPS为核心的知识产权国际公约的弹性条款,实现微观、中观和宏观多层面、多维度的合作目标。     

我国的贫富差距及其对策

我国目前已出现了一定的贫富差距,包括地区间、城乡间、不同行业间、不同所有制企业间以及非法暴利、权力腐败和经济行为市场化所造成的贫富差距,这种差距有逐步扩大的趋势,笔者分析了我国现阶段贫富差距的表现及成因,提出解决这种贫富差距的对策。     

产学研合作办学对高等学校的意义

论述了产学研合作办学对高等学校的宏观意义和微观意义。认为：产学研合作办学有利于高校管理体制、人才培养模式和教育教学等改革，有利于高校学科专业、师资队伍和实践基地建设，有利于高校科研工作的可持续性发展。     

青少年网络成瘾的原因及对策

互联网的普及与发展,给人们带来了极大的便利。但部分青少年沉溺于虚拟的网络空间,给他们的身心健康、学校生活、家庭生活带来了极大的负面影响。本研究从网络成瘾的原因开始探讨,提出了防治青少年网络成瘾的若干对策。     

“以负熵为生”的生物自组织及生命系统的热力学定律

用“熵理论”从生命体的物理变化和化学变化两个方面来研究了开放的非平衡态生命系统在吸收环境提供的能量、物质和信息后,生物熵的变化特点．研究表明在此情况下,生物熵逐渐减少．正是这个负熵高能生物自组织,使生物不断生长、发育和变化．我们给出了这个生物自组织的特点和生化反应的生物熵变化规律,以及在生命体中生物能量、物质和信息相互转变的新的热力学关系．     

INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTINUING EDUCATION IN A RURAL AND REMOTE AREA: THE APPROACH OF THE NORTHERN EDUCATIONAL CENTRE FOR AGING AND HEALTH

This article describes an interdisciplinary continuing education approach for health professionals in a rural remote area implemented by the Northern Educational Centre for Aging and Health (NECAH) at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. The article discusses issues of rural health care practice and the implications for practitioners’ educational needs. The key components involved in delivering interdisciplinary education and teamwork training are reviewed, followed by a discussion of the relevance of an interdisciplinary participatory approach for rural practitioners given their practice context and work style. Using NECAH's experience in planning and delivering a 5‐day interdisciplinary education program in palliative care as a case example, it is argued that simultanous attention to these issues in the design and delivery of continuing professional education for rural professionals contributes to a relevant educational experience in the short‐term and an increased interdisciplinary collaboration in the long‐term. The article suggests that NECAH's interdisciplinary participatory approach is a significant model for the continuing education of health professionals in rural remote areas.