离岸IT服务外包中的跨文化知识共享研究

本文分析了离岸IT服务外包中接包方与发包方的文化差异和工作价值观差异对知识共享和外包绩效的影响,提出了相关理论假设,建立了离岸IT服务外包中接包方与发包方的文化差异对知识共享和外包绩效的影响模型,设计了调查问卷,对西安软件园从事离岸IT服务外包的企业进行了问卷调查,利用SPSS17.0和AMOS17.0统计分析软件对收集的问卷数据进行了分析,基于实证分析结果,给出了离岸IT服务外包中的跨文化知识共享策略.     

关系质量、知识缄默性与IT外包知识转移——基于接包方视角的实证研究

IT外包是一个知识密集的过程,知识转移是影响外包绩效的关键。本文基于IT外包接包方视角,构建了以关系质量中的三个维度:信任、满意和承诺以及知识缄默性为影响因素,以接包方的知识接受意愿和吸收能力为中介变量的概念模型,研究这些因素对IT外包知识转移的交互影响。基于结构方程模型对收集来自规模较大的IT外包公司的217份有效调查问卷进行实证检验。研究发现在关系质量对IT外包知识转移的作用过程中,接包方的知识接受意愿和吸收能力起到显著的中介作用。信任、满意和承诺对接包方的知识接受意愿具有显著正向影响,信任和满意对接包方的知识吸收能力具有显著正向影响。知识缄默性对IT外包知识转移具有负向影响,关系质量中的信任和满意维度对知识缄默性与知识转移之间的路径关系具有显著调节作用。     

IT外包知识转移影响因素分析——基于关系质量的实证研究

 根据已有的文献,从关系质量的角度出发,构建了基于关系质量的IT外包知识转移影响因素的概念模型,并提出假设。通过对北京中关村软件园、上海浦东软件园和西安软件园内20多家企业进行问卷调查,并利用统计软件SPSS 11.0和AMOS 17.0对收集到的数据进行量化分析。实证结果表明：沟通对相互承诺、信任、良好冲突处理和知识转移有显著的正向影响;相互承诺对知识转移有显著的正向影响;信任对相互承诺和知识转移有显著的正向影响;良好冲突处理对信任有显著的正向影响,但对知识转移没有显著的正向影响。     

基于激励机制的IT外包知识转移风险规避研究

通过问卷调查,对IT外包知识转移主要风险因素进行分析,针对这些风险建立基于激励机制的风险分析模型,并进行风险规避研究.     

IT团队中信任模式与知识共享关系的实证研究

从知识共享背景下的信任模式出发,构建了信任模式和知识共享结构维度的测量量表,并对员工信任模式与知识共享结构维度之间的作用关系以IT团队中的221名知识员工为调查对象进行了实证研究.结果表明,不同信任模式下,信任对知识共享在三个结构维度上的影响差异较大.对于中大规模团队而言,可通过信任模式的转换来促进知识共享水平的提高.     

多维信任、知识转移与软件外包绩效

将信任视为多维变量,构建了多维信任、知识转移与软件外包绩效的影响关系模型。通过理论分析及对京津冀地区97个软件外包接发包企业的有效问卷调查和实证检验,研究发现,多维信任对知识转移、软件外包绩效的正向影响存在差异性;显性知识转移与隐性知识转移相比,对软件外包绩效影响更显著;知识转移在多维信任与软件外包绩效之间具有中介作用,其中知识转移在能力信任与软件外包绩效之间起到完全中介作用,在计算信任、善意信任与软件外包绩效之间均起到部分中介作用。     

医疗知识交叉共享及其影响因素研究——基于服务外包

以服务外包理论和知识共享理论为基础,研究医疗领域如何通过服务外包中优势互补双方之间合作,达到知识交叉共享,增加双方知识存量的目的。服务外包双方之间知识的交叉共享受到外包双方的特性、医疗知识的特性、伙伴间的相容性水平和外界医疗环境的波动等几个主要因素的影响,并根据影响因素的分析提出了相应的假设性结论。     

信任视角下研发外包知识转移策略

针对研发外包契约的不完全性及由此产生的信息泄漏风险,从信任的角度探讨了研发外包中的知识转移问题。借鉴Nguyen有关信任的研究成果,将研发外包中信任的发展划分为了解和认同两个阶段,并分别构建厂商和研发机构之间的知识转移博弈模型,探讨信任发展不同阶段研发外包知识转移的策略。结果表明:信任能够有效提升研发外包知识转移水平,并能增加厂商和研发机构的共同收益。     

基于员工信任关系的企业知识共享研究

通过知识共享的动态模型分析,认为知识共享存在知识寻找和知识转移两个阶段。在这两个阶段中,知识共享主体双方的地位是不均衡的,主体之间面临的困难也不尽相同,因此基于不同基础建立起来的信任关系对知识共享产生不同的影响。     

企业IT外包中知识转移的风险与防范对策研究

从知识管理视角出发,分析企业IT外包中知识转移的特点,总结出企业IT外包中知识转移存在的六种风险,并在此基础上提出相应的防范对策。     

Knowledge transfer processes in IT outsourcing relationships and their impact on shared knowledge and outsourcing performance

What is the impact of specific knowledge-transfer processes on the level of shared knowledge and, in turn, on outsourcing performance in outsourcing relationships? Drawing on a series of case studies covering IT providers and banks, we investigate several applied knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit or tacit knowledge between outsourcing banks and their providers. We examine the differential influence of various types of knowledge transfer on shared knowledge between the parties and on the resulting outsourcing performance. Results depict the differential impact of various knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit, or tacit knowledge, respectively, on the development of shared knowledge. Interestingly, the combination of both knowledge-transfer processes dedicated to the transfer of explicit knowledge and those dedicated to the transfer of tacit knowledge proves to be most effective. Furthermore the results indicate that high levels of shared knowledge positively influence outsourcing performance. In addition to previous literature, we found transfer processes for explicit knowledge in an outsourcing context to consist of two dimensions: The content dimension, primarily focused on in literature, and the sender–receiver dimension of transfer processes which are rarely addressed in outsourcing literature. The content dimension embraces mechanisms such as trainings, SLAs and standards that define how content has to be interpreted, whereas the sender–receiver dimension of transfer processes of explicit knowledge defines explicit, documented interaction structures between parties.     

知识管理对信息技术和信息系统外包成功性的影响

提出了从知识管理角度提高信息技术与信息系(IT／IS)外包成功性模型，指出：IT／IS外包失败的原因有三个：第一，外包企业与IT/IS供应商之间知识流动顺畅性，包括供应商知识到客户以及客户到供应商之间双向流动。第二，外包合作双方和谐关系。第三，环境动态性。流畅的知识流动、和谐的客户供应商关系以及稳定的环境是外包成功的保证。     

Modularity and innovation in knowledge-intensive business services: IT outsourcing in Germany and the UK

Drawing on an empirical study of IT outsourcing in the UK and Germany, this paper explores the lessons for modularity that can be drawn from the outsourcing of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). Because of the inseparability of information and production technologies, IT outsourcing is frequently accompanied by wider transformations in clients’ production technologies. This results in the need for knowledge and organisational coordination in the form of the transfer of staff from the client and the retained IT organisation. Modularity is often presented as a design strategy that stimulates innovation. Our research findings challenge the generalisability of this claim when examining KIBS outsourcing. We show that intangibility of services exacerbates the conflicts between clients and suppliers, which may present obstacles to innovation.     

组织文化、知识分享与组织创新的关系研究

 讨了组织文化、知识分享、组织创新与组织绩效之间的相互影响关系,并选取我国华南地区95家高科技企业作为对象进行实证研究。研究结果表明：（1）组织文化通过影响知识分享进而影响组织创新;（2）知识分享影响组织创新进而影响组织绩效;（3）组织创新对组织绩效有直接的正向影响;（4）组织文化对组织绩效没有显著的直接影响,但通过知识分享和组织创新间接影响组织绩效;（5）知识分享对组织绩效没有显著的直接影响,但通过组织创新来间接影响组织绩效。     

The role of governance effectiveness in explaining IT outsourcing performance

Recent studies on IT outsourcing have examined the effect of contract specification and relationship strength on IT outsourcing performance in a separate manner. Previous studies, however, ignored the importance of the governance effectiveness that bonds contractual control and relationship strength together to deliver expected outcomes in IT outsourcing exchange. In this paper, we propose a model of IT outsourcing management where governance effectiveness mediates the effect of both contractual control and relationship strength on IT outsourcing performance. We collected data from 143 client companies of IT outsourcing and analyzed it using the PLS method. Our findings show that both contract specification and relationship strength significantly influence governance effectiveness, although contract specification carries the more effect on governance effectiveness than relationship strength does. The governance effectiveness in turn mediates the effect of contract specification and relationship strength on three sub-dimensions of outsourcing performance: cost efficiency, performance improvement, and overall satisfaction. The results and implications are further discussed.     

Organizational agility through outsourcing: Roles of IT alignment,cloud computing and knowledge transfer

This study introduces the concept of outsourcing appropriation based on adaptive structuration theory (AST) to explore how organizations attain IT-dependent organizational agility through outsourcing appropriation. It examines the mediating role of IT alignment and the moderating roles of the adoption of cloud computing and knowledge transfer. The proposed model was tested using survey data from a sample of 170 IT executives. Our results indicate that the consensus of appropriation (COA) and faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) are positively associated with IT-dependent organizational agility, and the relationships are partially mediated by IT alignment. When adoption of cloud computing is high, the positive relationship between IT alignment and IT-dependent organizational agility becomes stronger than when it is low. Interestingly, results also show that the moderating roles of the transfer of explicit knowledge and transfer of tacit knowledge in the relationship between outsourcing appropriation and IT-dependent organizational agility vary significantly. The transfer of explicit knowledge negatively moderates the relationship between COA and agility. The transfer of tacit knowledge positively moderates the relationship between FOA and agility. These findings deepen our understanding of how organizations gain IT-dependent organizational agility in the context of IT outsourcing.     

IT基础、知识共享与组织创新——来自珠三角企业的经验证据

 以广东珠三角地区122家IT企业为研究对象,考察IT基础、知识共享与组织创新之间的关系,结果表明：组织内的知识共享,包括组织内非正式知识共享与正式的知识共享,均可以显著地促进技术创新,而组织内非正式知识共享与组织间的知识共享,则对管理创新有积极影响;IT基础对于组织间的知识共享以及组织内非正式知识共享有促进作用,但IT基础对于组织内正式的知识共享却没有显著影响;组织内知识共享,包括组织内非正式与正式的知识共享,在IT基础与技术创新之间起到了完全中介作用,而组织间的知识共享,包括组织间非正式与正式的知识共享,则在IT基础促进管理创新的过程中发挥了部分中介作用。